| Term | Definition |
|---|
| masseter | O: zygomatic arch | I: mandible and coronoid process | A: elevates mandible; closes jaw |
| temporalis | O: temporal bone | I: coronoid process of mandible | A: elevates and retracts mandible; closes jaw |
| sternocleidomastoid muscle | O: sternum and clavicle | I: mastoid process of temporal bone | A: tilts head |
| rectus abdominis | O: pubic bone | I: lower costal cartilage of ribs and xyphoid process of sternum | A: flexes vertebral column |
| external obliques | O: lower 8 ribs | I: iliac spine and crest; linea alba | A: compresses abdominal contents |
| diaphragm | O: xiphoid process; costal cartilage of lower 6 ribs; L1-L3 vertebrae | I: central tendon (connects two 1/2's of diaphragm) | A: increases volume of thoracic cavity during inspiration |
| trapezius | O: occipital protuberance; C7; all T vertebrae | I: clavicle and scapular spine | A: retraction; elevation; depression; upward rotation of shoulder |
| rhomboideus | O: C7; T1; T2-T5 | I: medial border of scapula | A: retraction of shoulder |
| levator scapulae | O: C1-C4 transverse processes | I: superior medial border of scapula | A: elevation of shoulder |
| serratus anterior | O: first 8-9 ribs | I: inside of vertebral border of scapula | A: protraction and upward rotation of shoulder |
| pectoralis minor | O: ribs 3-5 | I: coracoid process of scapula | A: protraction, depression and downward rotation of shoulder |
| supraspinatus | O: supraspinous fossa of scapula | I: greater tubercle of humerus | A: enforce joint security of glenohumeral joint; abduction |
| infraspinatus | O: infraspinous fossa of scapula | I: greater tubercle of humerus | A: lateral rotation of humerus |
| subscapularis | O: inner surface of scapula | I: lesser tubercle of humerus | A: medial rotation of humerus |
| deltoid | O: clavicle; acromion; scapular spine | I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus | A: flexion; extension; abduction |
| pectoralis major | O: clavicle; sternum | I: humerus | A: adduction; medial rotation; extension; flexion |
| latissimus dorsi | O: thoracic vertebrae | I: humerus | A: extension; adduction; medial rotation |
| biceps brachii | O: scapula | I: radial tuberosity (radius) | A: flexes shoulder; flexes elbow; supinates hand |
| triceps brachii | O: long head (scapula); medial & lateral heads (humerus) | I: ulna | A: extends elbow; extends shoulder |
| flexor carpi ulnaris | O: medial epicondyle of humerus; olecranon of ulna | I: pisiform bone; 5th metacarpel | A: flexes and adducts hand at the wrist |
| flexor carpi radialis | O: medial epicondyle of humerus | I: 2nd and 3rd metacarpels | A: flexes hand at the wrist; aids in wrist abduction |
| supinator | O: lateral epicondyle of humerus | I: radius | A: supinate forearm |
| erector spinae | O: iliac crest; sacrum; lumbar spinous processes | I: iliocostalis = ribs; spinalis = spinous processes & skull; longissimus = ribs, transverse processes & mastoid process | A: extend vertebral column; maintain upright posture |
| iliopsoas | O: lumbar vertebrae; ilium | I: lesser trochanter of femur | A: flexes hip joint |
| pectineus | O: pubic bone | I: femur | A: adducts and flexes thigh; assists with medial rotation of thigh |
| adductor brevis | O: pubic bone | I: linea aspera of femur | A: adducts thigh; can flex and medially rotate thigh |
| adductor longus | O: public bone | I: linea aspera of femur | A: adducts the thigh |
| adductor magnus | O: pubic bone; ischium | I: gluteal tuberosity of femur; linea aspera of femur | A: adducts thigh |
| gracilis | O: pubic bone | I: tibia | A: adducts thigh; flexes leg at knee |
| rectus femoris | O: anterior inferior iliac spine; ilium | I: quadriceps tendon | A: extends knee; helps iliopsoas flex thigh at hip |
| vastus lateralis | O: greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur | I: quadriceps tendon | A: extends knee |
| vastus intermedius | O: femur | I: quadriceps tendon | A: extends knee |
| vastus medialis | O: femur | I: quadriceps tendon | A: extends knee |
| semimembranosus | O: ischial tuberosity | I: medial epicondyle of tibia | A: flexes leg at knee; rotates flexed log laterally; extend thigh at hip joint |
| semitendinosus | O: ischial tuberosity | I: tibia | A: flexes knee; medially rotates tibia; extends thigh/hip |
| biceps femoris | O: long = ischial tuberosity; short = linea aspera of femur | I: lateral side of fibula | A: flexes leg; rotates tibia laterally; long = extends thigh/hip |
| gluteus maximus | O: iliac crest; sacrum; cocyx | I: femur | A: extends and laterally rotates thigh; abducts and adducts thigh |
| gluteus medius | O: ilium | I: greater trochanter of femur | A: abducts and medially rotates thigh |
| gluteus minimus | O: ilium | I: greater trochanter of femur | A: abducts and medially rotates thigh |
| gastrocnemius | O: femur | I: calcaneal tendon | A: plantarflexion; flexes leg at knee; raises heel during walking |
| soleus | O: fibula; tibia | I: calcaneal tendon | A: plantarflexion |
| plantaris | O: femur | I: calcaneus | A: weakly assists plantarflexion |
| flexor hallucis longus | O: fibula; interosseous membrane | I: base of distal phalanx of big toe | A: flexes big toe; plantarflexion; helps propel feet during walking and running |
| flexor digitorum longus | O: tibia | I: bases of distal phlanges of toes | A: flexes 4 lateral digits; plantarflexion; aids with inversion; supports foot longitudinal arches; helps toes grip the ground |
| tibialis posterior | O: interosseous membrane; tibia; fibula | I: metatarsels; tarsels |A: plantarflexion; inversion |
| tibialis anterior | O: tibia | I: tarsel | A: dorsiflexion; inversion |
| extensor digitorum longus | O: tibia; fibula | I: middle and distal phalnges of toes | A: dorsiflexion; extends toes |
| extensor hallucis longus | O: fibula | I: big toe | A: extends big toe; assists in dorsiflexion |
Combine with other sets
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