| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Dickens | born to a poor government clerk who spent time in debtors prison |
| Dickens | worked in a shoe shine factory to help support family |
| Dickens | studied at Wellington Academy --> court reporter --> self study of theater |
| Dickens | All the Year Round |
| Tennyson | most famous and celebrated poet of Victorian England in middle age |
| Tennyson | charmed by fantasy and imagination |
| Tennyson | father was a clergyman who was bitter due to his disinheritance |
| Tennyson | Poet Laureate of England after Wordsworth |
| Tennyson | first English writer to be a baron |
| Tennyson | Married Emily Sellwood and moved to Isle of Wight |
| Robert Browning | no formal education, early works had little public notice |
| Robert Browning | The Ring and the Book was a book of dramatic monologue and gave him fame |
| Robert Browning | down to earth, less poetic language, dramatic monologue |
| Elizabeth Browning | no formal education, self-taught 8 languages and poetry |
| Elizabeth Browning | better known than her husband during their lifetime |
| Elizabeth Browning | Sonnets from the Portuguese, 44 love poems for husband |
| Elizabeth Browning | frail health, recluse, possessive father --> secret courtship |
| Arnold | main themes of isolation and alienation |
| Arnold | Oxford --> developed social conscience that led him to be a public servant, poet, and critic |
| Arnold | improved education as inspector of schools |
| Arnold | Poems and New Poems brough him fame as major critic (wrote literary criticism after he was done) |
| Bronte | came from a famous literary family; siblings: Charlotte, Anne, Branwell |
| Bronte | educated at home with siblings |
| Bronte | Dark Romanticism |
| Bronte | Wuthering Heights |
| Kipling | concerned with costs and responsibilities of world dominion, British needed to bring "civilized ways" to other parts of the world |
| Kipling | born in India, placed in foster care in England, return to India as journalist |
| Kipling | Jungle Book, Second Jungle Book, Captains Courageous, Kim |
| Kipling | first English writer to be awarded Nobel Prize for Literature |
| Hardy | "last of the great Victorians" |
| Hardy | based his fictional Wessex on Dorset, his birthplace |
| Hardy | pessimistic view of life shown in his poetry, used imagery to match psychology state of his characters |
| Hardy | first wrote novels, but the plotlines were so disturbing he turned to poetry (Dynasts) |
| Hardy | nonpoetic language, odd rhymes |
| Hopkins | "most innovative poet of Victorian Period" |
| Hopkins | didnt publish during his lifetime, rebellious poet |
| Hopkins | Catholic Priest in Jesuit order even though his parents were Anglican Protestants |
| Hopkins | "inscape" |
| Hopkins | God's Grandeur; Spring and Fall |
| Hardy | Darkling Thrush; "Ah Are You Digging on My Grave?" |
| Kipling | Widow at Windsor |
| Bronte | Remembrance |
| Arnold | Dover Beach |
| Elizabeth Browning | Sonnet 43 |
| Robert Browning | My Last Duchess; Life in a Love; Love Among the Ruins |
| Tennyson | In Memoriam, AHH; Ulysses; Lady of Shalott |
| Housman | solitary habits, harsh self-discipline |
| Housman | "shropshire lad" |
| Housman | poems full of gentle regret and bitter undertones (from his despair over unrequited love) |
| Housman | self-taught Greek and Latin, Professor of Latin at University college in London |
| Housman | To an Athlete Dying Young; When I was One-And-Twenty |
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