Greco: Heredity
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Created by:
marilyngreco on May 21, 2009
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 heredity | the passing of traits or physical characteristics from parent to offspring |
| genes | These are the factors that control a trait. The parts of DNA that carry hereditary instructions located on chromosomes and passed from parent to offspring. |
| genotype | the inherited combination of alleles, the genetic makeup of a trait |
| phenotype | what the offspring's characteristics will look like or its physical appearance |
| probability | a number that describes how likely an event will occur |
| male sex cell | sperm |
| female sex cell | eggs or ovum |
| fertilization | a new organism begins to form when egg and sperm join. |
| Punnett square | a chart that shows all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross. |
| homozygous or purebred | an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait (TT) |
| heterozygous or hybrid | an organism that has two different alleles for a trait. (Tt) |
| asexual reproduction | requires only one parent where the offspring has all of the same traits of that one parent. |
| sexual reproduction | requires two parents and the offspring has a combination of the traits from both parents. |
| mutation | any change in a gene or chromosome |
| vegetative reproduction | Type of reproduction in which new plants grow from vegetative parts such as roots, stems, and leaves |
| binary fission | a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size |
| fragmentation | is the process of asexual reproduction where the organism splits into two or more fragments. Those fragments will grow into copies of the same organism that split. |
| budding | asexual reproduction in which a part of the parent organism pinches off and forms a new organism |
| parthenogenesis | Asexual reproduction in which females produce offspring from unfertilized eggs. |
| Gregor Mendel | The father of genetics who cross-pollinated plants. |
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