Nervous System: Eye + Ear
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cornea | the clear tissue that covers the front of the eye |
| Lens | the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina. |
| Iris | a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening |
| Sclera | tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve |
| Choroid | Middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and the sclera |
| Retina | innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve |
| Optic Nerve | The Nerve that carries impulses from the retina to the brain |
| Ciliary Body | ring of muscle behind the peripheral iris that controls the power of the lens |
| Rods | retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision |
| Cones | neurons in the retina that are responsible for color vision |
| Optic Disk | A hole in the retina where the optic nerve fibers exit the eye. |
| Conjuctiva | the lining of the eyelids and the covering of the sclera |
| Auricle | flap of the ear; the protruding part of the external ear, or pinna |
| Eardrum | also called the tympanic membrane |
| auditory canal | the area that sound waves pass through to reach the eardrum |
| Cochlea | a coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses |
| Vestibule | middle part of the inner ear in front of the semicircular canals and behind the cochlea that contains the utricle and saccule |
| Semi-Circular Canal | fluid filled canals structure of the inner ear involved in maintaining balance |
| Ametropia | any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina |
| Cataracts | eye disease in which the lens becomes covered in an opaque film that affects sight, eventually causing total blindness. |
| Glaucoma | increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision |
| Macular Degeneration | loss of central vision |
| Vertigo | the sensation of dizziness |
| Tinnitus | a jingling; ringing or buzzing in the ear |
| Middle Ear Infection | An infection that occurs behind the eardrum, in the middle part of the ear. |
| Deafness | partial or complete hearing loss |
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