| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Bantu | language spoken by African immigrants to South Africa |
| San and Khoikhoi | original inhabitants of South Africa |
| 1652 | year the Dutch East India Company settled Cape Colony |
| Afrikaners | aka Boers, people from Holland who colonized S. Africa |
| 1806 | year Britain took Cape Colony from the Dutch |
| slavery | practice abollished when British took S. Africa |
| Great Trek | when the Afrikaners marched north to escape Brittish rule in 1836 |
| Transvaal | one of two free Boer states established away from Brittish |
| Orange Free State | a republic established by Boers, outside of Brittish control |
| Zulu | native African tribe that resisted Boers' migration |
| diamonds and gold | discovered in Boer's new territory; cause Brittish to rush in |
| 1899-1902 | Anglo-Boer war; Brittish won |
| 1910 | Brits and Boers combined to the Union of S. Africa, part of Brittish empire |
| ANP | Afrikaner National Party; won election in 1948 and officially declared Apartheid |
| Blacks | pure Africans who got no say in government whatsoever |
| ANC | party of black resistance, led by Nelson Mandela |
| Nelson Mandela | jailed for 23 years for "supporting violence" and became first black president of South Africa |
| Sharpsville | in 1960, 60 people protesting pass books were killed |
| Soweto | in 1976, students protested use of Afrikans in classrooms, and 800 were killed |
| Bishop Desmond Tutu | black bishop asked for international sanctions against S. Africa |
| Dekler | last white president, promised to end apartheid |
| Opium Wars | over silver and opium; after Brittish won, they demanded increased trade with China |
| Taiping Rebellion | a civil war in China, starving peasants with putative Jesus reincarnation vs landowners and European assistance; 10-20 million died |
| Boxer Rebelion | a group called Boxers rose against foreigners and Christians, because they wanted isolation |
| industrial rev social effects | Communist manifesto, new middle class, masses of poor city people, those with money mimicked old middle class |
| Pop Art | popular items = fine art, irony, common objects used to convey message; tied to materialism of 1950's, response to abstract impressionism |
| Realism | france in 1850's, true to real life |
| Impressionism | started in France, 1800's, enlightenment; visible brushstrokes, showed how they saw, movement |
| Cubism | radical times in europe; showed full experience |
| Abstract impressionism | massive canvases, endless amount of paint to demonstrate emotions and feelings; 1940's-60's: europeans fled to US during WWII |
| modern architecture | straight lines, new materials, rigid, geometric; form follow function |
| post-modern architecture | more curved lines than modern, visual illusions, steel and glass in 20th century |
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