| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Von Metternich | head of congress of vienna |
| Congress of Vienna | The Quadruple Alliance met, to discuss the Balance of Power. Great Britian got to have their conquered colonies, Austria got Venetia and Lombardy and Polis lands, and Prussia and Russia were compensated. |
| Treaty of Paris | agreement signed by British and American leaders that stated the United States of America was a free and independent contry |
| Bismarck( UsuXola Xabe mollo bote) | German statesman under whose leadership Germany was united (1815-1898) |
| Alsas Lorraine | Territory taken by Germany from France as a rest of the Franco Prussian war. Was later returned to France as a result of German defeat in WWI |
| Black Hand | was a terroist group planning to kill Ferdinand... |
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand | heir to Austria-Hungry, assassinated by a member of the Black Hand |
| Alliance system | Nationalism means being a strong supporter of the rights and interests of one's country. The Congress of Vienna, held after Napoleon's exile to Elba, aimed to sort out problems in Europe. Delegates from Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia (the winning allies) decided upon a new Europe that left both Germany and Italy as divided states. Strong nationalist elements led to the re-unification of Italy in 1861 and Germany in 1871. The settlement at the end of the Franco-Prussian war left France angry at the loss of Alsace-Lorraine to Germany and keen to regain their lost territory. Large areas of both Austria-Hungary and Serbia were home to differing nationalist groups, all of whom wanted freedom from the states in which they lived. |
| Kaiser Wilhelm | grandson of Queen Victoria and Kaiser of Germany from 1888 to 1918 |
| Treaty of Versailles | the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans |
| Lloyd Georges St. Pierre | Great Britan's Leader during WWI |
| Clemenceau | French statesman who played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles (1841-1929) |
| morning (Wood) row Wilson | 28th President of the United States |
| Adam Smith | Scottish economist who wrote the Wealth of Nations and designed modern Capitalism |
| Invisible Hand | Adam Smith's idea that competition acts like an invisible hand; it pushes people to do what is best for themselves |
| Laizzez Faire | non-government interference |
| Bolshevik Revolution | NO MORE KINGS-->communist. Russia pulled out of war. Germans went from Russia towards France's Western Front |
| Saar | an area of germany with excellent coal fields |
| League of Nations | an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations |
| Henry Cabot Lodge | expressed doubts about the League of Nations, an international organization, 39 senators signed a round robin letter rejecting the League in its present form. |
| demilitarization | a reduction in a country's ability to wage war, achieved by disbanding its armed forces and prohibiting it from acquiring weapons (done to germany after WWI) |
| Josef Stalin | Leader of communist Russia as dictator |
| Leon Trotsky | Russian revolutionary and Communist theorist who helped Lenin and built up the army |
| checka | The secret Police, Was the russian secret police, forerunner to the KGB |
| Proletarians | working people who sell their labor for wages |
| Bourgeoisie | the social class between the lower and upper classes |
| Karl Marx | founder of modern communism |
| Marxism | the economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will untimately be superseded |
| Facism | political system based on a strong centralized government headed by a dictator |
| Totalitarianism | a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.) |
| Democracy | a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them |
| Socialism | a political theory advocating state ownership of industry |
| Red Army | the regular army of the former Soviet Union |
| White Army | Russians who opposed Lenin and the Bolsheviks. |
| The Weiner Republic | overthrown by Hitler |
| D-day | planned June 5th June 6 1944 Germans occupied Normandy France Germans though it would occur at Calais and goal was to liberate Paris |
| Battle of my morning Bulge | a battle during World War II, pushback of German forces in the winter of '44 |
| Battle of Britain | the prolonged bombardment of British cities by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and the aerial combat that accompanied it |
| Kristallnacht | Night of Broken Glass, Nov 9 1938 night when the Nazis killed or injured many jews & destroyed many jewish propertys |
| Operation Barbarossa | Hitler's plan for conquest of the Soviet Union. |
| anti-Semitism | Prejudice against jews. |
| Lebenstraum | (living space)-Idea that Germany needed to expand eastward to secure the healthy growth of the Aryan race. |
| Winston Churchill | British statesman and leader during World War II |
| Neville Chamberlain | British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany (1869-1940) |
| Goebbels | German propaganda minister in Nazi Germany who persecuted the Jews (1897-1945) |
| Pearl Harbor | base in hawaii that was bombed by japan on December 7, 1941, which eagered America to enter the war |
| Stalingrad | the russian city seiged by the germans in august 1942 in which the russian drove back the germans accepted at the turning point in the european theater |
| Aushwitz | Nazi concentration camp in Poland |
| Nuremberg Trails | Trails for Germans who committed crimes against humanity |
| Cold pussy | a period of political noncooperation after WWII between America and Soviet |
| Marshall Plan | a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952) |
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