Ch 9 Hormones
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Created by:
eagleswings59 Plus on February 1, 2012
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Description:
marieb Ch 9
Classes:
malonek ahs anatomy and physiology
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 prostaglandins | A group of bioactive, hormone-like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation, platelet aggregation, vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction, cell growth, protection of from acid in the stomach, and many more. |
| gastrin | a digestive hormone secreted by the stomach lining; stimulates the secretion of fluid by gastric glands in the stomach |
| secretin | A hormone secreted by the small intestine (duodenum) in response to low pH (e.g., from stomach acid). It promotes the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas to act as a buffer. |
| CCk | cholecystokinin, A gastrointestinal peptide released by the cells lining the intestines when cells stimulated by certain types of food, especially fatty ones. Activate vagal sensory neurons that terminate in the nucleus of solidary tract- inhibits feeding. |
| erythropoietin | a glycoprotein secreted by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells |
| ANP | Atrial natriuertic peptide, increases water and sodium removal by the kidney (to decrease blood pressure). |
| Active Vitamin D3 | Released from skin; used to fortify foods (steriod) |
| melatonin | hormone secreted by the pineal gland, exact function unknown; affects onset of puberty |
| oxytocin | hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland, induces contraction of the uterine muscles during childbirth and causes the mammary glands to eject milk during nursing |
| ADH | Antidiuretic hormone-stimulates water reabsorption by kidney tubules; decreases urine |
| GH | Growth hormone-secreted by the anterior pituitary. It is a general metabolic hormone that plays an important role in determining body size. It affects many tissues of the body; however its major effects are on the growth of muscle and the long bones of the body. |
| PRL | prolactin, stimulates milk production by mammory glands. Stimulated by PRH inhibited by PIH |
| FSH | a gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth of Graafian follicles in female mammals, and activates sperm-forming cells in male mammals |
| LH | Luteinizing hormone, controls ovulation and egg release, maturation of egg, release of testosterone in males. |
| ICSH | interstitial cell-stimulating hormone |
| TSH | anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the function of the thyroid gland |
| ACTH | Adrenocorticotrophic hormone; stimulates adrenal cortex to syntesize and secrete glucocorticoids; regulated by releasing hormone corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) |
| T4 | Thyroxine (thyroid hormone), tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine; stored in follicles, contains iodine. affects basal metabolic rate, stimulates protein synthesis, accelerates body growth and incorporates the use of glucose for ATP production |
| T3 | triiodothyronine; strored in follicles, contains iodine, controls basal metabolic rate, stimulates protein synthesis, accelerates body growth and includes the use of glucose for ATP production |
| calcitonin | thyroid hormone that tends to lower the level of calcium in the blood plasma and inhibit resorption of bone |
| PTH | parathyroid hormone, hormone responsible for regulating calcium levels |
| thymosin | hormone secreted by the thymus, stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes into T cells of the immune system |
| epinephrine | adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster, stopping digestion, enlarging pupils, sending sugar into the bloodstream, preparing a blood clot faster |
| norepinephrine | a catecholamine precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and also released at synapses |
| glucocorticoids | Cortisol and Cortisone are types of these hormones, produced in the Adrenal cortex, which increase blood glucose levels through stimulation of gluconeogenesis and the decrease of protein synthesis. They also reduce the body's immunological and inflammatory responses. |
| mineral corticoids | group of adrenal hormones that help regulate salt and fluid balance |
| insulin | hormone secreted by the isles of Langerhans in the pancreas, protein hormone that helps to decrease blood sugar |
| glucagon | a hormone secreted by the pancreas, Raises blood glucose |
| androgens | Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics |
| estrogens | sex hormones, such as estradiol, secreted in greater amounts by females that by males. In nonhuman female mammals, estrogen levels peak during ovulation, promotion sexual receptivit. In humans, they stimulate uterine lining growth; development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics |
| progesterone | A hormone produced by the ovaries which acts with estrogen to bring about the menstral cycle. |
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