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gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Site of Production: Stomach antrum gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Site of Production: Modest duodenal production secretin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Site of Production: duodenum CCK GIP Gastrointestinal Hormone. Site of Production: duodenum + jejunum CCK Gastrointestinal Hormone. Site of Production: Modest ileum + colon production gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Stimulus for Release: stomach(aa+peptides) gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Stimulus for Release: parasympathetic nerves CCK Gastrointestinal Hormone. Stimulus for Release: small intestine(aa+fat) secretin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Stimulus for Release: small intestine(H+) GIP Gastrointestinal Hormone. Stimulus for Release: small intestine(glucose+fat) gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Inhibition of Release: stomach(H+) gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Inhibition of Release: somatostatin gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates stomach H+ secretion CCK Secretin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: Inhibits stomach H+ secretion gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: Stimulates stomach motility CCK Secretin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: Inhibits stomach motility gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates stomach growth CCK Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: potentiates secretin stimulated pancreas HCO3- Secretin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates pancreas HCO3- CCK Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates pancreas enzymes Secretin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: potentiates CCK stimulated pancreas enzymes GIP Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates pancreas insulin CCK Gastrin Secretin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates exocrine pancreas growth secretin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: Stimulates Liver HCO3- CCK Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: potentiates secretin liver hco3- CCK Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates gall bladder contraction CCK Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: Relaxes Sphincter of Oddi gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates ileum motility gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates small intestine growth gastrin Gastrointestinal Hormone. Effector response: stimulates mass movement in large intestine mucous acini Note: flattened basolateral nuclei What are these structures? http://o.quizlet.com/i/8srjnfv2RDznhvpiBh3klQ.jpg Striated duct Serous acini Parotid gland What is the central structure? What is it surrounded by? What anatomical structure is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/D2OSofMkk6wSRgXxSg6arA.jpg Acinus intercalated duct striated duct What is the sequence of the salivon? saliva Composed of Epidermal Growth Factor+IgA+alpha amylase minor salivary glands diffuse structures (as opposed to paired) with a mucous product Striated duct Salivary gland Note: basolateral interdigitations Note: long mitochondria w dense cristae What microstructure is this? What anatomical structure? http://o.quizlet.com/i/tEiKrjN8p4eevqw05V8Isw.jpg Striated duct Serous acini Parotid gland What is the black arrow? What is it surrounded by? Considering the surroundings of the structure at the black arrow, what anatomical structure is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/aNKH4Opdnz5E0f5KoQTSPQ.jpg stenson duct major duct from the parotid gland Parotid gland zymogen What structure? What is the red material at the apex of the acinar cells? http://o.quizlet.com/i/u6-m5104cT5NkgT1vFuLvw.jpg Adipocytes Mucous acini Salivary gland What is the Upper arrow?: What is the Lower arrow?: What structure? http://o.quizlet.com/i/C_91kzh6KBSIwI-7NcCp2g.jpg Striated duct Serous acini Mucous acini Submandibular gland What is the blue arrow on? What are the red stain structures? What are the clear staining structures? Considering the ratio of red:clear staining structures, what organ is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/KmgVyZ3t9Judb4xGqmsTPA.jpg wharton duct What is the major duct of the submandibular gland? Submandibular gland sialolith What is the diagnosis? http://o.quizlet.com/i/5ii6HWhx17cUIHv9jVKamQ.jpg Calcium Phosphate What are sialoliths composed of? http://o.quizlet.com/i/5ii6HWhx17cUIHv9jVKamQ.jpg Mucous acini Sublingual gland What are the clear staining structures? Considering the abundance of these structures, which organ is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/MUgeA03JwhjW0CnC-auTBQ.jpg Serous demilune Sublingual gland Submandibular gland Parotid gland What are these mucous secreting acinus capped by serous secreting cells secreting into a common lumen called? Which organs could this be? Which could it not be? (i.e. which gland has no mucous elements) http://o.quizlet.com/i/Up3EeyzxJ0Bo9-YoEwuisg.jpg Exocrine pancreas Pancreatic duct Note the organization into lobules separated by connective tissue. What organ is this? What is the arrow pointing to? http://o.quizlet.com/i/8qLveuC8IytFFhSST29SVw.jpg acinar cells 98% of exocrine pancrease is composed of what cells? Exocrine pancreas Nucleus+ReR zymogen Note: basophilic basolaterally; eosinophilic lumenally. What organ? What is staining basophilic on the basolateral end (i.e. what attracts hemotoxylin)? What is staining eosinophilic on the lumenal end (i.e. what attracts eosin)? http://o.quizlet.com/i/vja07GgEYcItadIdi4jJ6Q.jpg exocrine pancreas What organ? http://o.quizlet.com/i/uF7lT7ilIgpcTKw7tH61DA.jpg exocrine pancreas zymogen granules What organ? What is staining black? http://o.quizlet.com/i/NSyviWNAX23hxcZp-qIwaw.jpg Langerhans islet Endocrine What is the arrow pointing to? Is this structure exocrine pancreas or endocrine pancreas? Note the thin connective tissue veil and the vessel within the structure, giving access to circulation. http://o.quizlet.com/i/nSZTn1fItnmRl9ThfDfHGA.jpg Liver Glisson capsule What structure? What is the arrow on? http://o.quizlet.com/i/_ePH37Fldr-1b3fSKRRxxA.jpg central vein Portal vein or central vein? terminal hepatic venule Portal triad Portal vein Hepatic artery Bile duct What is this a picture of? Note the extremely thin lining of A. What is A? Note that B does not have a cuboidal lining. What is B? Note the cuboidal lining of C. What is C? http://o.quizlet.com/i/_gkDBFx0Pmb76OROmAQ7Vg.jpg liver What organ? http://o.quizlet.com/i/iD_T4rwz8VMZEDfem9hBDQ.jpg Liver Central vein efferent What organ? What is A? Is an afferent or efferent vessel? http://o.quizlet.com/i/mqU6fVgI8z2OyxsIfqi0wA.jpg Sinusoid discontinuous capillaries hepatocytes What are the blue Arrow on? Note the cuboidal cells that face the clear spaces on 2 sides. What are these cells? http://o.quizlet.com/i/sUYgoJjIZB_cQEnxYxCA7g.jpg Ser Rer Rer Regarding hepatocytes, what organelle has the cytochrome p450 enzymes? Clotting factors? Albumin? http://o.quizlet.com/i/sUYgoJjIZB_cQEnxYxCA7g.jpg Hepatocyte Disse space The arrow is on a very euchromatic nucleus, indicative of a lot of transcription. What cell is the arrow on? What is the area between the endothelium and the cell? http://o.quizlet.com/i/m47GBS4jSPvPZaPXVwV5wg.jpg Ito Hepatic stellate cell Disse space Bile canaliculi What is A? It is located between the hepatocyte and the endothelium. What is this area called? What is the blue arrow on? http://o.quizlet.com/i/pNyBHFX8avRWBty_jyIUMw.jpg Ito Hepatic stellate cell liver pericyte; lay down EM in fibrosis; stores fat Ito Hepatic Stellate cell can differentiated into: endothelial, connective tissue, smooth muscle Sinusoid lumen Disse space Pore Red blood cell This is a Sinusoid capillary of the liver. What is the Black arrow on? What is the Red arrow on? What is the Yellow arrow on? What is the Green arrow on? http://o.quizlet.com/i/9b0XmnxuYpzqup1vY-KLnQ.jpg Kupffer macrophages liver Note cells taking up the India ink. What are these cells? What organ? http://o.quizlet.com/i/EB1pzr2N0iGPiAVRVJ24ow.jpg Kupffer Macrophage What cell is the arrow on? http://o.quizlet.com/i/vuxMbpyoMttSPOYyLMwZbA.jpg liver kupffer macrophage eats digested material before it reaches circulation Gall bladder Note the simple columnar epithelium. This section shows a muscularis externa but no muscularis mucosa. What organ is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/IFlapF8KZMUrmxvUV7sQaw.jpg Gall bladder Concentrate bile This simple columnar epithelium is very absorptive. What organ is this? What does the absorptive capacity function to do? http://o.quizlet.com/i/9KMRaKhPz7CGzh8lNaDuyA.jpg Sublingual gland Note the striated duct surrounded by mostly mucous acini. What organ? http://o.quizlet.com/i/Rh9k8utQU4CxclRrL--Flw.jpg Omphalocele week 10-11 What is the diagnosis? This is a failure of return. The midgut herniation has persisted. When did the failure occur? http://o.quizlet.com/i/wVRGAEiArN4EaJuHRyzqPw.jpg volvulus midgut rotation week 10-11 What is this red infarct called? There is an increased risk of this occurring if there is an embryonic failure of what? when? http://o.quizlet.com/i/pEKXqMcSeF88VK1CJmISKQ.jpg omphalomesenteric vitelline duct cecum meckel ileum diverticulum What is the upper arrow on? What is the lower arrow on? The upper arrow structure has persisted. What is this called? http://o.quizlet.com/i/Mfm4VIvWLHVw31qzPwbBWw.jpg Meckel ileum diverticulum persistent vitalline duct What is the diagnosis? What is the protruding structure? http://o.quizlet.com/i/v1FX-NvUPCR1XpoJX_kenA.jpg Tracheoesophageal fistula What is the result of a esophagotracheal septum fail? http://o.quizlet.com/i/uFo3Qwm0kqZ1jHj0tSyKJA.jpg Annular pancreas duodenal obstruction pancreatitis peptic ulcer If there are two ventral pancreatic bud, and they migrate dorsal on opposite sides of the gut, what will be the result? What are sequelae risks with such a defect? http://o.quizlet.com/i/B7KLCz5jCQS8RjBQF8cyFg.jpg celiac trunk t12 superior mesenteric artery l1 what is a? what vertebral level in the adult? What is b? what vertebral level in the adult? http://o.quizlet.com/i/SzbdnMuV3vtgiDp-AQk2VQ.jpg inferior mesenteric artery L3 allantois vitelline duct What is c? What vertebral level in the adult? What is D? What is E? http://o.quizlet.com/i/SzbdnMuV3vtgiDp-AQk2VQ.jpg median umbilical ligament urachal cyst What does the allantois degenerate to become in the adult? What is an allantois lumen persistency called? http://o.quizlet.com/i/bhNmWYQrgabodJBAaFkuUw.jpg mesoderm What tissue does the urorectal septum derive from? http://o.quizlet.com/i/YzaY9bxa9in7F3xxW7gNMw.jpg Urorectal fistula What is the result if the Tourneux and Rathke folds do not fuse? http://o.quizlet.com/i/dqSVk9y5Q-v6VX59H1LD3g.jpg imperforate anus anal membrane regression What is the diagnosis? What failed? http://o.quizlet.com/i/LS9h4WGeSRhPxq27mukdBg.jpg superior mesenteric artery internal iliac artery The anal membrane is the junction of endoderm and ectoderm. Artery supplies the area superior to the anal membrane? Inferior? Skeletal Proximal 1/3 esophagus What kind of muscle is in the Muscular Externa HERE? Where is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/UbhoDdpzY7rmUSbsrPsPzQ.jpg Esophagus Stomach Note the transition (arrow) of stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium. What junction is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/IPmPk33yqWGyHMvFXfs6kg.jpg Parietal Cells HCl Chief Cells pepsinogen A:What are the red stain cells (lots of mitochondria)? What product? B:What are the purple staining cells? What product? http://o.quizlet.com/i/BdOpECJd-f6ir1f5BT_y8A.jpg meissner The parasympathic ganglia in the submucosa stimulates epithelial secretion. Is this Meissner or Auerbach? http://o.quizlet.com/i/KCkM_FXYvjvcXk2z--8Cxw.jpg submucosa This is a relatively large blood vessel. What layer of the gi tissue would this be found in? http://o.quizlet.com/i/BpOUJ-aa1xDrD3HjBx3JPQ.jpg Auerbach Plexus Inner oblique Inner circular Outer longitudinal This is the stomach Muscular Externa with nerve plexus. The plexus stimulates peristalsis. What is the nerve plexus? What are the muscle layers of the stomach muscular externa? http://o.quizlet.com/i/MdX157KC_vST9cRYMGoUiQ.jpg Ulcer Submucosa What is the diagnosis? What layer of gi tissue are these ruptures blood vessels found? http://o.quizlet.com/i/7JfJCLB6yymeyR9ZXRVmkw.jpg Loose areolar connective tissue Eosinophils lymphocytes Goblet cell In these villi, what tissue is the left arrow on? What cells are found in this tissue? What cell is the right arrow on? http://o.quizlet.com/i/zExEmFU1VGmCKpsVO92VvQ.jpg goblet cell http://o.quizlet.com/i/FWlxZ35tuynRpvg-jsOZJA.jpg Lieberkuhn Crypt Paneth Cells lysozyme What structure are the black arrows pointing to? What cells make up this structure? What component causes these cells to stain so eosinophilic? http://o.quizlet.com/i/-HjEgJmUpBE7csRTl99SzA.jpg Brunner glands Alkaline mucus duodenum What structures are at A? What does it secrete? Where in the GI is this? Note: the sparsity of goblet cells. http://o.quizlet.com/i/FVnTZ46dNj0BQoXKx1D48A.jpg Muscularis mucosa Duodenum What layer is the blue arrow on? Where is this in the gi? http://o.quizlet.com/i/xynGxjoImRW-tIrsIIm5CQ.jpg Peyer Patch Immune Ileum What is this microstructure called? What is its function? Where is this in the gi? http://o.quizlet.com/i/-2Vd_7yxdSJvmr5ZNURnjQ.jpg Peyer patch M cell APC ileum What is this a picture of? What cell is the arrow on? What is its function? Where in the gi is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/cQP_I9kpImwmzAE_KiYKEA.jpg colon Note the abundance of goblet cells. Where in the gi is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/4dppkndkG6g6b3ZXxLAVbA.jpg colon This Alcian blue stain highlights mucus blue. Given of the goblet cells, where in the gi is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/ZJPGsXh0xoRebFc5kd2gVg.jpg Colon taenia coli defecation What structure is the arrow on? What does it function in? http://o.quizlet.com/i/bfV0MJ8cP8ySppl49vDokA.jpg appendix What structure? Not a peyer patch but has lots of lymphocytes. http://o.quizlet.com/i/bHAFVnUTJLFztqBSBm6haA.jpg Rectum Anus Note the transition from simply columnar to stratified squamous. What junction is this? http://o.quizlet.com/i/hG89jT_GTMV8t2pSrlOa_w.jpg hemorrhoids What is the diagnosis? http://o.quizlet.com/i/M8FDOUtPrmrEYihVuxk2oQ.jpg