Health Ch.10
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Created by:
mahcatlover on February 2, 2012
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Carbohydrates | starches and sugars found in food which provide your body's main source of energy |
| Types of carbohydrates | simple sugars, such as fructose and lactose; complex starches; fiber- tough complex carb that the body can not digest |
| Food sources for carbohydrates | pasta, bread, and cereal |
| Proteins | nutrients in the body to build and maintain its cells and tissues, made up of amino acids |
| Types of Proteins | 9 essential amino acids-body must get from food; complete proteins contain all 9 essential amino acids |
| Food sources for proteins | meat, eggs, dairy, and milk |
| Types of fats | unsaturated-eating in moderate amounts may lower risk of heart disease; saturated-too much may increase weight of heart disease; trans-can raise your total blood cholesterol |
| Food sources for fats | unsaturated-vegetable oils, plant products, nuts, and seeds; saturated- meat and dairy; trans-butter and cookies |
| Vitiamins | compounds found in foods that help regulate body proccesses |
| Fat soluble vitamins | stored in fat for later use; vitamins A, D, E, and K |
| Water soluble vitamins | dissolves easily into the bloodstream during digestion; vitamins B and C, folic acid |
| Food sources for vitamins | fruit, vegetables, meat, and dairy products |
| Minerals | elements found in food that are used by the body |
| Types of minerals | calicum-forms bones and teeth; phosphorus-produces energy, maintains heathly bones, magnesium-maintains muscule and nerve function, iron-aids in carrying oxygen, supports immune system |
| Food sources for minerals | dairy, meat, and whole grains |
| Functions of Water | helps move food through the digestive system, transports nutrients,removes waste, storing and releasing head, cooling the body through persperation, loob for the joints |
| Role of Nutrients | Energy Source; repair, build, and heal tissue; sustain growth; help transport oxygen to the cell; regulats body functions |
| Nutrients that Provide Energy | Carbohydrates: 4 kcal per gram; Proteins: 4 kcal per gram; Fats: 9 kcal per gram |
| Other Nutrients | Vitimans, minerals, and water |
| Dietary guidelines for Americans | set of recommendations about smart eatiing and physicl activity; make smart choices from every food group; find your balance between food and activity, get the most nutrition out of your calories |
| MyPyramid Food Groups | grains:6 ounces; vegetables: 2 1/2 cups; friuts: 2 cups; milk(dairy): 3 cups; protein foods: 5 1/2 ounces |
| Recommendations | focus on fruits, vary your vegetables, get your calcium- rich foods, make half your grains whole, go lean with protein, limit certain foods |
| Nutrient-dense | foods that have a high ratio of nutrients to calories |
| Plate Diagram | make half your plate fruits and vegetables, make at least half of your grains whole, switch to 1% or skim milk, and vary your protein food choices |
| Examples of sensible snacks | fresh fruit, cottage cheese, popcorn, and peanut butter with apples |
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