Quizlet science exam (CH. 6)

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  1. active viruses: viruses that immediately begin reproducing once in cell
  2. AIDS virus: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; fatal, viral infectious disease that destroys immune system
  3. algae: a sub-kingdom of protist; plant-like protists
  4. annelids: animal phylum; complex, segmented worms
  5. antenna: sensory devices usually for touch, used by some arthropods
  6. antibiotics: medication; chemical that that kills bacteria without damaging person's cells
  7. arachnids: arthropod class; two body parts
  8. archaebacteria: a kingdom; most primitive (ancient); are simple prokaryotes
  9. Aristotle: classified life by how things moved
  10. arthropods: largest animal phylum; antenna, exoskeleton, include crustaceans, arachnids, and insects
  11. asexual reproduction: one parent, two identical offspring
  12. bacilli: rod-shaped eubacteria
  13. bacteriopahge: "bacteria-eater" virus that infects bacteria
  14. binary fission: method of asexual reproduction; one cell divides to make two
  15. binominal nomenclature: 1st part: genus; 2nd: species --- naming system used by Linnaeus
  16. carnivores: meat eaters
  17. Carolus Linnaeus: first to use binominal nomenclature
  18. Carolus Linnaeus: classified life by observable features
  19. chordates: most complex animal phylum; nerve cord, notochord
  20. class: third largest group of classification
  21. classification: the grouping of things based on similarities and differences
  22. cnidarians: animal phylum; sac-bodied carnivores with tentacles (jellyfish)
  23. cocci: spherical eubacteria
  24. cold-blooded: cannot maintain body temperature (all living things except birds and mammals)
  25. conjugation: simple method of sexual reproduction; two bacteria echange genetic material - have new genetic make-up
  26. crustaceans: arthropod class; one body part
  27. decomposers: nature's recyclers; bacteria that break down dead organisms
  28. echinoderms: animal phylum; spiny skin, endoskeleton (starfish)
  29. endoskeleton: skeleton inside covered only by skin
  30. endospore: small, rounded resting cell made from existing cell - contains genetic material
  31. eubacteria: a kingdom; modern bacteria; more complex prokaryotes
  32. exoskeleton: skeleton outside body
  33. family: fifth largest group of classification
  34. fertile: able to successfully reproduce
  35. flagellum: long, thin structures of bacterial cells; helps cell move
  36. fungi: a kingdom; multicellular eukaryotes; reproduce by spores
  37. genus: first part of scientific name
  38. genus: sixth largest group of classification
  39. hidden viruses: viruses that remain dormant for awhile before beginning to reproduce
  40. host: organism that provides life for a parasite
  41. host: cell with virus invading it
  42. hydra: example of cnidarian (microscopic)
  43. infectious disease: illnesses that pass from one organism to another; caused by bacteria, viruses
  44. insects: arthropod class; three body parts
  45. invertebrates: chordate sub-phylum; no bones
  46. kingdom: 6 of these; largest group of classification
  47. mantle: membrane that secretes (makes) shell
  48. mollusks: animal phylum; soft body, at least one muscular foot, maybe a shell (clam)
  49. nematoda: animal phylum; parasitic round worms
  50. notochord: holds up nerve in back (spine / cartilage)
  51. order: fourth largest group of classification
  52. organs: made of different tissues - has one function
  53. parasitic: living off of a living host
  54. phylum: second largest group of classification
  55. planaria: example of platyhelminthes
  56. platyhelminthes: animal phylum; parasitic flat worms
  57. poriferates: animal phylum; pourous bodies, few specialized cells (sponges)
  58. prey: what is eaten
  59. prokaryotes: primitive organisms; have no separate nucleus
  60. protist: a kingdom; one-celled eukaryotes
  61. protozoan: a sub-kingdom of protist; animal-like protists
  62. scientific name: modern term for binominal nomenclature
  63. segmented: have lines
  64. sexual reproduction: two parents combine genetic material to produce original offspring
  65. species: seventh largest group of classification; produce fertile offspring
  66. species: second part of scientific name
  67. spirilli: spiral-shaped eubacteria
  68. symmetry: how living things are reflected physically
  69. taxonomy: the science of classification
  70. tentacles: specialized tissue; muscular arms (jellyfish)
  71. toxin: poison produced by infectious disease
  72. vaccine: preventative solution to infectious diseases; small amount of illness to build up immune system
  73. vertebrates: chordate sub-phylum; bones
  74. virus: small, dead particle that invades and reproduces in a living cell
  75. warm-blooded: maintains body temperature (birds, mammals)