Chapter 9
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Created by:
thespecialtwo on February 2, 2012
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34 terms
Math / Symbols | English |
|---|---|
 Amplitude | distance to origin from crest or trough (loudness) |
| Period (T) | time for one cycle (sec); = 1/ƒ |
| Wavelength (λ) | distance between 2 crests or 2 troughs (m) |
| Frequency (ƒ) | cycles that pass a point each second (Hz); = 1/T (pitch) |
| Speed (s) | how fast; wavelength (λ) x frequency (ƒ) |
| Electromagnetic Spectrum | Radio, Micro, Infrared, UV, X-Rays, Gamma Rays |
| Dangerous | high frequency and short wavelength |
| Harmonic Oscillator | restoring force is proportional to its displacement from equilibrium; period of oscillation depends only on the stiffness of that restoring force and on its mass, not on amplitude of oscillation |
| Simple Harmonic Motion | vibration about an equilibrium position in which a restoring force is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium |
| Restoring Force | the force that brings a system back to equilibrium; decreases PE |
| T | 2ℵ√L/g |
| Mass and Amplitude | no effect on period |
| Length | longer length, longer period |
| Speed of Sound | 330 m/s + 0.6T |
| Speed of Light | 3 x 10⁸ |
| Natural Resonance | frequency with which something vibrates |
| Pendulum | simple harmonic motion; restoring force is proportional to the displacement |
| Balanced Pendulum | anchor moves in direction of wheel, doing work and replacing energy lost to motion; each cycle, the wheel moves one tooth as one point releases and another catches; pendulum vibrates because of weight |
| Coil Spring | phantom spring gets wound and exerts force on coil spring |
| Quartz | sand, glass, SiO₂; the quartz vibrates due to a battery (electronic) |
| All Waves | transfer energy and thus do work |
| Dy | ½gt² |
| Transverse | waves cause the particles over which they pass to vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave (water,light) |
| Longitudinal | waves cause the particles over which they pass to vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave (sound) |
| Beats | periodic frequency resulting from the superposition of two waves that have slightly different frequencies. f(beat) = |f₂-f₁| |
| Constructive Interference | In phase (crest + crest or trough + trough) |
| Destructive Interference | Out of phase (crest + trough) |
| Node-Node | λn=2L/n (string instrument) |
| Node-Antinode | λn=4L/n (one end open, one end closed) |
| Doppler Effect | f'=f(Vsound +/- Vobserver) (Vsound -/+Vsource) |
| How fast | changes in frequency |
| How far or close | change in amplitude |
| + over - | toward |
| - over + | away |
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