| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Primary Coast | Rough, irregular and formed by processes occuring on land |
| Emergent Coast | Land that has been lifted, typically rocky shorelines |
| Submergent Coast | Land that has been drowned by sea level rise, heavy sediment on top of bedrock |
| Secondary Coast | Shaped by wave erosion or marine life and formed by processes ocurring at sea |
| Barrier Island | Formed about 18,000 years ago at the end of last Ice Age; Formed by waves, currents, tides, wind, sea level change, storms |
| Adaptation | Changing accordingly to your surroundings |
| Detritus | Dead, rotting organic matter |
| Salt Marsh | 80% of all seafood taken in N.C. spends time here; Nursery and Feeding Ground |
| Maritime Forest | Oldest and most stable barrier island zone |
| Tide | Caused by moon's gravitational pul |
| White Ibis | Has curved bill to hunt in mud |
| Ebb | High to low tide |
| Sediment | Sand, soil or organic matter |
| Primary Dune | Foredune |
| Marsh Peat | Evidence of island migration |
| Salinity | Measure of salt in water |
| Eutrophication | Causes loss of oxygen in waters |
| Mississippi | North American delta |
| Delta | Sediment deposit at the mouth of a river |
| Salt Pruning | Shapes and slpoes plants; salt stops/kills growth |
| Island Migration | Movement of barrier islands |
| Ghost Crab | Crab in sand dune-Nocturnal, Burrows in Sand, Scavenger, Has Gills |
| Atlantic Ribbed Mussel | Uses byssal threads to root themselves into mud; Opens shells at hightide to get nutrients and close them at lowtide |
| Current | Partially cause by ocean convection; This might help but it might confuse you (if it confuses you ignore it, if it helps use it)-The "Pull" of the tides- I hope that helps |
| Ebb | High to low tide |
| Flow | Low to high tide |
| Freshwater Lense | Freshwater resting on top of salt water under Barrier Islands |
| Inlet | Allows sea water to enter the sound |
| Glacial Meltwater | Carried sediment to form first barrier islands |
| Snowy Egred | Bird Living in Salt Marsh; Doesn't have a curved bill |
| Erosion | Removal of land by action of ise, wind, or water |
| Longshore Current | Hits Beach at an angle, moving sand parallel to coast |
| Brackish | Mix of salt and freshwater |
| Overwash | Washes over the barrier island depositing sediment directly to the sound side of the island |
| Spartina | Cord grass in salt marsh |
| Tidal Zone | Area of beach between high and low tide |
| Cape | Land mass that "juts" into the ocean |
| Potable | Terms referring to "safe to drink" water |
| Water table | The "top" level of underground water where it reaches saturation |
| Aeration | Air is forced through the water to release unwanted gases, which reduces odor and improves taste |
| Porosity | The amount of open space between the particles that make up the rock |
| Ogallala | One of the largest aquifers in the world |
| Watershed | Area of land that is drained by a river |
| Storm drain | Collects runoff and directs it to a stream, creek, etc. |
| Surface water | Fresh water found in lakes, rivers, streams, and wetlands |
| Recharge zone | Area of the Earth's surface where water percolates down into the aquifer |
| Groundwater | Water stored beneath the Earth's surface |
| Desalination | Process of removing salt from salt water |
| Irrigation | Method of providing plants with water from sources other than direct precipitation |
| Permeability | Ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it |
| Well | A hole that is dug or drilled to reach the groundwater |
| River system | As streams and rivers move across the land, they form a flowing network of water |
| Dam | A structure built across a river to control the river's flow |
| Nonpoint-source pollution | Enters bodies of water in many different ways, making them extremely difficult to regulate and control |
| Biomagnification | Accumulation of pollutants at successive levels of the food chain |
| Aquatard | Layer of water will not pass through in an aquifer |
| Physical agents | Suspended solids that cause turbidity |
| Organic matter | Agents such as animal and plant remains, feces, and food waste |
| Artificial Eutrophication | Can be caused from inorganic plant nutrients form wastewater and fertilizer runoff |
| Heavy metals | Examples causing water pollution are lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic |
| Waste water | Is water that contains waste from your home or industry that must be treated before you can drink it |
| Inorganic chemicals | Salts being spread on the road are an example of this type of pollution |
| Organic chemicals | Pesticides, fertilizers, plastics, detergents... |
| Clean Water Act | Federal Law setting a national goal of making all natural surface water fit for fishing and swimming by 1983, banned polluted discharge into surface water and required the metals be removed from waste |
| Pathogens | Disease-causing organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasitic worms |
| Point-source pollution | Type of pollution that can be identified as the source of the problem |
| First Filtration | The source of water supple is filtered to remove large organisms and trash |
| Coagulation | Alum is rapidly mixed into the water and forms sticky globs called flocs. B and other impurities cling to the flocs, which settle to the bottom of a tank |
| Second Filtration | Layers of sand, gravel, and hard coal filter the remaining impurities |
| Chlorination | Chlorine is added to prevent bacteria from growing in the water |
| Aeration | Air is forced through the water to release unwanted gases, which reduces odor and improves taste |
| Additional Treatment | In some communities, fluoride may be added to prevent tooth decay. Sodium compounds or lime may also be added to soften the hard water. Treated water is then pumped from storage tanks to homes and buisnesses |
| Wetalnd | is periodically underwater |
| Plankton | organisms that cannot swim against the current, so are drifters |
| Eutrophication | is an increase in the amount of nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem |
| Salinity | the amount of dissolved salt the water contains |
| Marshes | contain non-woody plants |
| Swamps | are dominated by woody plants |
| Phytoplankton | are the food base for many aquatic ecosystems |
| Nekton | are free-swimming organisms |
| Benthos | are bottom-dwelling organisms |
| Estuary | is an area in which fresh water from a river mixes with salt water from the ocean |
| Salt Marsh | where river deposits their load of mineral-rich mud |
| Mangrove Swamp | dense growths of mangrove trees in a swampy areas |
| Barrier Island | a long ridge of sand or narrow island that lies parallel to the shore |
| Coral Reef | are limestone ridges built by tiny coral animals and the algae that live inside them |
| Solid Waste | any discarded solid material |
| Biodegradable | if it can be broken down by biological processes |
| Municipal Solid Waste | waste produced by households and businesses |
| Landfill | a permanent waste- disposal facility |
| Leachate | a liquid that has passed through compacted solid waste in a landfill |
| NIMBY | Not in my backyard |
| Source Reduction | any change in design, manufacture, purchase, or use of materials or products to reduce their amount of toxicity before they become municipal solid waste |
| Recycling | a process of reusing materials or recovering valuable materials from waste or scraps |
| Compost | a dark brown, crumbly material made from decompost |
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