Plant Hormones and Nutrition
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Created by:
Anonomoose on February 2, 2012
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Loam | A soil with an optimal mixture of sand, silt, clay, and organic matter. |
| O (Horizon) | An above-ground layer of decomposing organic matter |
| A (Horizon) | Layer of earth in which topsoil is found |
| B (Horizon) | Layer of earth in which minerals leached from above accumulate, also known as subsoil |
| C (Horizon) | Layer of unweathered rock, also known as bedrock |
| Ectomycorrhizae | Fungal hyphae wrap around, but do not penetrate, a plant root |
| Arbuscular Mycorrhizae | Fungal hypae enter roots and form "tree-like" structures inside root cells |
| Rhizobia | Nitrogen fixing bacteria specific to legumes |
| Holoparasite | Complete parasites, do not perform photosynthesis |
| Hemiparasite | Capable of photosynthesis, but derive water and minerals from other plants |
| Radicle | Embryonic root that emerges from seed coat upon germination |
| Coleoptile | Sheath protecting embryonic shoot |
| Parthenocarpy | Fruit formation without fertilization |
| Imbibition | First step in germination is the uptake of water |
| Gibberellins | Hormone involved in fruit growth, germination, and stem elongation. Initiates the breakdown of transcriptional repressors |
| Auxin | Hormone involved in mediating a plant's response to gravity and light, root initiation, leaf abscission, apical dominance, fruit development, and cell expansion. Initiates the breakdown of transcriptional repressors |
| Apical Dominance | Apical buds inhibit the growth of axillary buds, maintained by auxin |
| Abscission | Breakdown of petiole, inhibited by auxin |
| Cytokinin | Hormone involved in germination, inhibition of stem elongation, branch growth, and delaying leaf senescence. Activates transcription factors |
| Ethylene | Hormone involved in hastening leaf senescence, fruit ripening, and stem growth. Gaseous. Deactivates the "off signal" in transcription |
| Brassinosteroids | Hormone involved in cell elongation and division in shoots, xylem differentiation, growth of pollen tubes, germination, and promoting apical dominance and leaf senescence. Activates a transcription factor |
| Circadian Rhythm | Cycle characterized by its length (period) and the magnitude of change (amplitude). Can be entrained |
| Phytochrome | Photoreceptor that mediates the effects of red and far-red light |
| Phototropin | Blue-light photoreceptor responsible for stimulating cell elongation by auxin |
| Zeaxanthin | Blue-light photoreceptor responsible for the light-induced opening of stomata |
| Cryptochrome | Blue-light photoreceptor inolved in seedling development and flowering |
| Abscisic Acid | Hormone responsible for preventing seed germination by maintaining dormancy |
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