Sat II Biology Plants
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Created by:
candyhearts493 on May 23, 2009
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 xylem | Tissue containing cells that carry water and dissolved minerals up from the roots to the rest of the plant. |
| tracheids | Xylem cells in gymnosperms forming a connected network; when they die, their cell walls leave a channel for the transport of water. |
| translocation | The transport of water and carbohydrates; caused by transpirational pull, capillary action, and root pressure caused by water entering the roots. |
| phloem | Transports nutrients from the leaves to the rest of the plant. Made of tube-shaped cells. |
| ground tissue | Involved in storage and support. |
| pterophytes | Ferns; a phylum of tracheophytes that don't produce seeds |
| cambium | Tissue involved in growth. Can differentiate into xylem or phloem. |
| root hairs | Specialized cells of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections. Provide increased surface area for absorption. |
| palisade layer | Elongated cells under the upper epidermis of the leaf that contain chloroplasts. |
| spongy layer | Moist, loosely packed layer of cells containing chloroplasts. |
| stomata | Regulate the loss of water through transpiration and allow diffusion of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and oxygen between the leaf and the atmosphere. |
| apical meristem | Provide growth in the root tips and stems. |
| lateral meristem | Cambium; permits growth in diameter. |
| auxins | Responsible for phototropism and geotropism. |
| gibberellins | Stimulate rapid stem elongation, particularly in dwarf plants; inhibit the formation of new roots; stimulate the production of new phloem cells by the cambium; terminate the dormancy of seeds and buds. |
| cytokinins | Promote cell division. |
| ethylene | Stimulates ripening of fruit and induces aging. |
| antiauxins | Regulate the activity of auxins. |
| bulbs | Parts of the root that split to form new bulbs. |
| tubers | Modified underground stems that have buds that develop into new plants. |
| runners | Plant stems that run above and along the ground and form a new plant near the main plant. |
| rhizomes | Woody, underground stems that reproduce through new, upright stems that appear at intervals. |
| stamen | Male reproductive organ of the flower. |
| anther | Thin, stalklike filament with a sac at the top which produces pollen grains. |
| pistil | Flower's female organ; consists of the stigma, style, and ovary. |
| stigma | Sticky top part of the flower that catches the pollen. |
| style | Tubelike structure connecting the stigma and ovary. |
| epicotyl | Develops into leaves and upper part of the stem. |
| cotyledons | Seeds leaves that store food for the embryo. |
| hypocotyl | Develops into lower stem and root. |
| endosperm | Grows and feeds the embryo. |
| seed coat | Develops from the outer covering of the ovule. |
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