Science Exam- The Nervous System
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Sanders6-4 on May 24, 2009
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Nervous System | Receives info about what is happening both inside and outside your body. Also directs the way your body responds to this info & maintains homeostasis |
| Central Nervous System | The control center of the body |
| Brain | Controls most functions the the body, located in the skull |
| Spinal Cord | Thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves in the PNS |
| Cerebrum | Largest part of the brain that interprets input from the senses, controls movement, and carries out complex mental processes |
| Cerebellum | Part of the brain that coordinates the actions of your muscles and helps you keep balance |
| Brain Stem | Controls body's involuntary actions |
| Peripheral Nervous System | Consists of a network of nerves that branch out from the CNS and connect it to the rest of the body |
| Somatic Nervous System | Voluntary actions |
| Autonomic Nervous System | Involuntary actions |
| Reflex | Response that happened automatically |
| Response | What your body does in reaction to a stimulus |
| Stimulus | Any change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react |
| Cornea | Clear tissue that covers the front of the eye |
| Pupil | Opening through which light enters the eye |
| Iris | Circular structure that surrounds the pupil and regulates amount of light entering the eye |
| Lens | Flexible structure that focuses light |
| Retina | Layer of receptor cells that lines the back of the eye |
| Nearsightedness | See nearby objects clearly, trouble seeing objects far away |
| Concave lenses | How is nearsightedness corrected? |
| Farsightedness | See distant objects clearly, trouble seeing nearby objects |
| Convex lenses | How is farsightedness corrected? |
| Eardrum | Membrane that vibrates when sound strikes it |
| Cochlea | Snail-shaped tube that is lined with receptor cells that respond to sound |
| Semicircular Canals | Structures in the ear responsible for your balance |
| Drug | Any chemical taken into the body that causes changes in a person's body or behavior |
| Drug Abuse | Deliberate misuse of drugs for purposes other than medical ones |
| Tolerance | State in which a drug used needs larger and larger amounts of the drug to produce the same effect on the body |
| Addiction | Body becomes physically dependent on the drug |
| Withdrawal | Period of adjusment that occurs when a person stops taking a drug on which the body is dependent |
| Depressants | Drugs that slow down the activity of the CNS |
| Stimulants | Speed up the body processes (like increased heart beat and breathing rate) |
| Anabolic Steriods | Synthetic chemicals that are similar to hormones produced in the body (increase size and muscle strength) |
| Alcoholism | Disease in which a person is both physically addicted to and emotionally dependent on alcohol |
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