| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Rome | A city-state which was formed to be a large, great, and prominent empire which was located on the Italian Peninsula |
| Sicily | An island on the toe of Italy which was a popular location for Greek colonists due to its rich farmland |
| Alps | Europe's highest mountain range |
| Apennine Mountains | A mountain range which form a giant backbone through the Italian peninsula |
| Latium | A village plain located along the Tiber River known to be the original location of the Latin tongue |
| The Legend of Romulus and Remus | A tale depicting the story of two boys who were placed in a flooded forest due to the fear of taking over a kingdom belonging to a king. Later on these boys were fed and brought up by a wolf |
| Latins, Etruscans, and Greeks | 3 ethnic groups who diversified the population of Rome |
| Roman Republic | The Government of Rome organized with a system consisted of consuls, senators, tribunes, and citizen assemblies |
| Plebeians | The majority of Roman citizens who were occupied with farming, and trading |
| Patricians | The minority Roman class who were nobles and owned large massive farms |
| Senate | A branch of the Republic which determined how Rome would act towards the Government |
| Tribunes | People who worked to gain rights for plebeians since they were falling in a lack of rights |
| Twelve Tables | A collection of laws on twelve wooden tablets or tables |
| Carthage | An empire Rome in conflict with in 264 BC against the general Hannibal |
| Punic Wars | A set of wars which Rome fought against Hannibal's armies |
| Scipio | A 25-year old general who was elected as Consul to fight and lead Rome against Carthage |
| Pax Romana | Latin for "Roman Peace", which was a period of peace and the rise of the Roman Empire |
| Julius Caesar | A Roman dictator who had expanded Rome to the height of its power. Perhaps one the most successful leaders of Rome |
| Gaul | Modern day France and a territory Caesar governed |
| Cleopatra | A 21-year old female ruler who had governed Egypt based on Roman rule in Alexandria |
| Dictator | A leader who rules with absolute and TOTAL over every aspect of society |
| Augustus | Ceasar's grand nephew who had succeeded him. His original name was Octavian |
| Aqueducts | New waterways which brought fresh water to the city |
| Judea | A region along Israel which was once known as Canaan and was kingdom of Jews |
| Christianity | A monotheistic religion, considered the largest in the world, was found by Jesus Christ set to believe him as the son of God |
| New Testament | The books which tell the story of Jesus |
| Bethlaham | A small town south of Jerusalem located in modern day Palestine |
| Jesus | The founder of Christianity, believed to be the son of God and the Messiahhh |
| Nazareth | A small village in Bethleham known to be the birthplace of Jesus |
| Parables | Short stories which Jesus told in order to preach his deciples |
| Apostles | The closest followers of Jesus |
| Peter | An apostle of Jesus who had spread Christianity throughout Rome |
| Expansion of Power and Decline of Western Europe | Rise of the Roman Empire |
| Invasions, tax collection problems | reasons for weakening of Roman Empire |
| Diocletian | who divided the Roman empire into two parts making it easier to rule, He was a general that became emperor in A.D. 284, introduced reforms |
| Constantine | He established the Byzantine empire in the east, where Christianity also became a powerful force |
| Rome has left legacies of government, language, and architecture | What have we learn from Roman empire |
| Pax Romana | a period of peace for the Roman Empire that began with the rule of Augustus in about 27 B.C. and lasted about 200 years |
| Pax Romana | Latin for "Roman peace" |
| It was founded by Romulus and Ramses | describe city of rome |
| Latium Plain | A plain on the west coast in italy on which the city of rome was built |
| Etruscan kings | led the city to victory over many of its neighbors in Latium., kings of Rome who were all-powerful |
| grapes were used to make wine | Why did grapes become an important crop in ancient Italy? |
| two brothers Romulus and Remus made Rome | How did Rome come to be founded? |
| patricians were rich people and plebeians were the peasants and farmers | Describe the difference between patricians and plebeians |
| Roman first 12 laws were represented on Twelve tables | What were the twelve tables |
| Republic fell and Empire was formed after Caesar declared himself as a dictator | What happened to the republican government of Rome when Julius Caesar took control |
| Roman religion shared many similarities with those of ancient Greece | What did Roman religion have in common with that of ancient Greece |
| yes | Why, according to the New Testament, was Jesus born in Bethlehem? |
| because Jesus was the founder of Christianity | Why were the followers of Jesus called Christians |
| because Jesus was born as a Jew and he lived with Jews | How were Jesus' teachings rooted in Judaism? |
| He was the Carthaginian general who fought again Rome in the Punic wars | What role did Hannibal play in Roman history? |
| because he was getting too powerful | Why was Juliet Caesar assassinated? |
| because it tells about the life of Jesus | What is new testament? Why is it important to Christianity? |
| 450 years | About how long was Rome republic before Juliet Caesar became a dictator? |
| civil war | this is a war between the groups inside a country |
| consul | was one of the Roman leaders elected by the citizen assembly |
| elevation | Height above the sea level is called |
| Messiah | is believed by his followers to have been a special leader sent by the God to lead the Jewish people |
| patrician | was a member of the noble family |
| profile | is a view of something from the side or a cross section |
| representative | a person elected to act for others |
| republic | system in which people get to choose their own government |
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