Data

Copy and paste the text below. It is read-only. Select All

Bioclasts Fragmental organic remains (Shells/ skeletal of marine invertebrates) Lithification The consolidation of rock-forming material into coherent rock mass Pore Space The open space between grains of sediment ooids Sand-sized spherical particles of laminae of calcium carbonate http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3531/3877798199_5932c4b58a.jpg matrix Fine grained particles deposited at the same time as larger particles which help to hold the particles together. (Ex. clay) bed A layer in a stratified rock sequence which is greater than 1 cm thick and has well defined upper and lower boundaries. Subgraywacke A "dirty" sandstone. More quartz and less feldspar than graywacke and more rock peices. Greater textural maturity than graywacke. Shale A fine grained clastic sedimentary rock formed by the compaction and consolidation of clay, silt, or mud that is characterized by finely laminated structures (very thin layers). http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2454/4038242795_e747ef0281.jpg Precipitation The deposition of crystalline solids which were carried in solution. Textural maturity A measure of the size and shape variation of particles in a sedimentary rock. Increased textural maturity is characterized by decreased size variation and round particles. sorting A measure of the uniformity of particle size in a sediment or sedimentary rock roundness The degree to which sharp edges and corners of a particle are worn away Conglomerate A course-grained clastic sedimentary rock composed of particles greater than 4 mm in diameter held together by a matrix or mineral cement. http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2635/4071567121_5854ebf405.jpg Compaction The reduction of pore spaces between sediment grains as a result of pressure. In compaction sediment grains are bound together by a fine-grained matrix. Clastic texture Describes a rock composed of broken fragments of rocks, minerals, or skeletal remains held together in cement or a matrix. Coquina A highly porous, bioclastic sedimentary rock composed of shells that is weakly held together with little to no matrix. http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3232/3018182103_eee526ed96.jpg Compositional Maturity A measure of the amount of weathering, erosion, and transport experienced by the sediments which form a sedimentary rock. Coal A rock formed from the compaction of peat over long periods of time. Immature Sand A poorly sorted sand that contains angular grains and sediments relatively unstable to weathering (Ex. Feldspar). Fissile A property of some sedimentary rocks to separate into thin flat layers along bedding planes. Crystalline Texture Describes a sedimentary rock which is composed of crystals precipitated from a saturated solution. Fine grained crystals form an interlocking mosaic. Lamina A thin layer of sedimentary rock or sediment in which the planes of stratification are 1 cm or less apart. Graywacke A general term for a dark grey, firmly indurated, course-grained sandstone composed of poorly sorted, angular grains of quartz and feldspar with dark colored rocks embedded in fine-grained matrix. Detrital Any particles of minerals or clasts which have been derived from pre-exsting rocks by weathering or erosion. Chert A hard, dense sedimentary rock composed of monocrystalline silica and characterized by conchoidal fracture. http://farm1.staticflickr.com/180/378758967_e2ea73dab7.jpg Breccia A course-grained clastic rock composed of angular broken rock and mineral fragments held together by mineral cement or matrix. Bioclastic texture Describes a sedimentary rock composed of mainly organic remains that are weakly cemented together. Peat An unconsolidated deposit of semi-carbonized plant remains in a water saturated environment. Arkose A course-grained feldspar-rich sandstone with a pinkish-red color composed of poorly sorted angular grains. Clast An individual grain of detrital sedimentary rock or sediment separated from a larger rock mass through weathering and erosion. Mature Sand A well sorted sand consisting of primarily rounded grains of stable minerals, usually quartz. Cementation The precipitation of minerals into pore spaces in a sediment after deposition.