| Term | Definition |
| shaft of bone | diaphysis |
| growth plate | epiphyseal line |
| epiphysis | contains spongy bone in adults |
| red marrow | site of blood cell formation |
| yellow marrow | fat |
| periosteum | connective tissue on the surface of the bone |
| articular cartilage | hyaline cartilage on the ends of bones |
| compact bone | composes the shaft |
| matrix | inorganic salts deposited in organic ground substance |
| lacunae | site of osteocytes |
| canaliculi | minute canals connecting osteocytes in an osteon |
| osteon | basic unit of compact bone |
| lamellae | layers of bony matrix |
| haversian canal | longitudnal canal carrying blood vessels and nerves |
| spine | sharp, slender process |
| sinus | air-filled cavity in bone |
| foramen | opening through a bone |
| crest | narrow ridge on a bone |
| process | projection or prominence |
| trochanter | large, irregularly shaped projection |