PSYC 2300-2300L Ch. 12
About this set
Created by:
nicolea1102 on February 6, 2012
Subjects:
Description:
Test 2
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 correlational research strategy | two or more variables are measured to obtain a set of scores for each individual. the measurements are then examined to identify any patterns of relationship that exist between the variables and to measure the strength of the relationship. |
| correlation/correlation coefficient | measure and describe the relationship between two variables |
| positive relationship | tendency for two variables to change in the same direction as one variable increases, the other also tends to increase |
| negative relationship | tendency for two varibales to change in opposite directions; increases in one variable tend to be accompanied by decreases in the other |
| linear relationship | where data points in the scatter plot tend to cluster around a straight line |
| monotonic relationship | relationship that is consistently one directional, either consistently positive or consistently negative |
| Pearson correlation | measures linear relationships |
| Spearman correlation | measures monotonic relationships |
| correlation describes 3 characteristics of a relationship | 1. direction of relationship (positive/negative) 2. form of the relationship (linear/monotonic) 3. consistency/strength of the relationship (+1.00/-1.00) |
| correlational study vs. differential design | c.s.= does not involove manipulating with variables d.d.= demonstrates a difference between groups |
| predictor variable | the first variable |
| criterion variable | second variable being explained or predicted |
| reliability | evaluates the consistency or stability of the measurements |
| validity | evaluates the extent to which the measurement procedure actually measures what it claims to be measuring |
| coefficient of determination | obtained by squaring the numerical value of the correlation (s/m/l r= 0.10, 0.30, 0.50) |
| 2 limitations of correlational study | 1. 3rd-variable problem 2. directionality problem |
| primary advantage of correlational study | simply records what exists naturally with no manipulation |
| mulitple regression | studyies multivariate relationships while controlling the influence of other, potentially confounding variables |
| predictive validity | when scores obtained from a measure accurately predict behavior according to a theory |
| concurrent validity | scores obtained from a new measure are directly related to scores obtained from a more established measure of the same variable |
| divergent validity | 2 different methods to measure 2 different constructs |
| test-retest reliability | established by comparing the scores obtained from two successive measurements of the same individuals and cal a correlation between the 2 sets of scores |
| parallel-forms reliability | comparing scores obtained by using 2 alternate versions of a measuring instrument to measure same indvs and calc correlation between 2 scores |
| inter-rater reliability | degree of agreement between two observers who simultaneously record measurements of a behavior |
| split-half reliability | splitting the items on a questionnaire or test in half, computing separate score for each half, then measuring the degree of consistency between the two scores for a group of participants |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.