1.
Absorption: The process by which substances pass through the intestinal mucosa into the blood or lymph.
2.
AI: Adequate intake is the approximate level of an average nutrient intake determined by observation of or experimentation with a particular group or population that appears to maintain good health.
3.
Bile: Secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, is released to emulsify fats, which aids in the digestion of lipids.
4.
Chemical Digestion: Occurs through the action of saliva that not only moistens the food but contains amylase, an enzyme that begins the digestion process of starches.
5.
Chyme: A semi liquid mixture of food mass.
6.
Disease prevention: The recognition of a danger to health that could be reduced or alleviated through specific actions or changes in life style behaviors.
7.
DRI: Dietary reference intakes, combines the classic concerns of deficiency diseases that were the original focus of nutrient recommendations with the contemporary interest of reducing the risk of chronic diet related diseases.
8.
Exocrine glands: Secretes chemicals into ducts that release into a cavity or to the surface of the body.
9.
Flatus: Intestinal gas. gas produced and released from the lower intestinal track.
10.
GER: Gastroesophageal reflux. Heartburn, when the acidic mixture of foods burns the walls of the esophagus.
11.
Hormones: Regulate the release of gastric juices and enzymes, acting as messengers between organs to cause the release of needed secretions.
12.
Malnutrition: A condition resulting from an imbalanced nutrient and/or energy intake.
13.
Mechanical Digestion: The physical break down of food, by chewing, tearing, and pulverizing.
14.
Metabolism: A set of process through which absorbed nutrients are used by the body for energy and maintain body structures and functions.
15.
Nutrient: Material in food that is essential for growth, energy, repair, and maintenance
16.
Peristalsis: The involuntary movements of circular and longitudinal muscles
17.
RD: Registered dietitian is a professional trained in normal/clinical nutrition,food science, and the management of diets. credentialed by the Commission on Dietetic Registration of the American Dietetic Association.
18.
RDA: Recommended Dietary Allowance is the level of nutrient intake sufficient to meet the needs of almost all healthy individuals of a life-stage and gender group.
19.
Serosa: The outermost layer of the GI wall. serous membrane. visceral layer of the peritoneum lining the abdominal pelvic cavity, and covers organs.
20.
Villi: Finger like projections on the small intestine that greatly increase the amount of mucosal layer available for the absorption of nutrients.
