| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Thomas Hunt Morgan | Who conducted research using fruit flies? |
| fruit flies | What does Drosophila melanogaster mean? |
| Drosophila Melanogaster | What is the scientific name for fruit flies? |
| 10-15 days | How long is a fruit flies life cycle? |
| easy to maintain, short life cycle, and sex determination easily made | Why did Morgan use fruit flies for his experiment? |
| Red | What color eyes did wild fruit flies have? |
| Normal | Are wild fruit flies considered normal or abnormal? |
| male | What sex was the fruit fly with white eyes? |
| All fruit flies had normal red eyes | When Morgan crossed a white eyed fly with a wild fly what was the result? |
| 3/4 | What was the fraction of fruit flies that had red eyes in the second experiment conducted by Morgan? |
| 1/4 | What was the fraction of flys that had white eyes in the second experiment conducted by Morgan? |
| Thomas Hunt Morgan | Who discovered sex linked traits? |
| 4 pair of chromosomes | How many chromosomes pairs did the somatic cell Nuclei of a white eyed male have? |
| 4 pair of chromosomes | How many chromosomes pairs did the somatic cell nuclei of a wild female have? |
| three pairs | In the chromosomes of males and females how many of the four pairs were similar? |
| XX | What is the female chromosome combination? |
| XY | What is the male chromosome combination? |
| Bent shaped | What kind of chromosome does "Y" have? |
| Rod shaped | What kind of chromosome does "X" have? |
| Autosomes | What are anypaired chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes? |
| Sutton | Who discovered that genes are located on chromosomes? |
| Sutton | Who concluded that both parents contribute equally the genetic information to their offspring? |
| Sutton | Who concluded that chromosomes and genes segregate (based on Mendel's law of Segregation)? |
| Sutton | Who concluded that genes occupy the smae position in a pair of chromosomes? |
| That many genes are on a given chromosome | What did Sutton propose about genes? |
| Gene Linkage | What is the assemblage of genes in a linear arrangement on a chromosome? |
| Locus | What is the position a gene occupies on a chromosome? |
| X Chromosome | Today it is known that the gene for eye color in fruit flies is located on only what chromosome? |
| very few | Due to the shape and smalls ize of the Y chromosome, how many genes are found on it? |
| Human Colorblindness | WHat is a condition that is found more often in males than females? |
| normal vision | what does "N" stand for? |
| colorblindness | What does "n" stand for? |
| Yes | Can a human female ever be colorblind? |
| Cross a female that has normal vision but is a carrier for colorblindness with a male that is colorblind | What would have to happen for a woman to be colorblind? |
| Hemophilia | What is the bleeders disease? |
| the bleeders disease | What is hemophilia known as? |
| Hemophilia | What disease does this describe "th normal protein necessary for blood clotting is misssing? |
| the normal protein | In hemophilia what is missing that is necessary for blood clotting? |
| mutations | What are errors that occur in the copying of the genetic material (replication) that results in abnormla protein synthesis? |
| mutagen | What is a substance that increaes the rate of a mutation? |
| Radiation and certain chemicals | What are examples of mutagens? |
| nondisjunction | What is the failure of homologous chromosomes to segregate dring meiosis? |
| one gamete has an extra chromosome and one gamete is missing one chromosome | What are the two types of gametes that are possible? |
| trisomy | What is the condition where a cell has one exra chromosome? |
| monosomy | What is the condition where a cell is missing one chromosome? |
| monosomy | What is almost always a lethal condition because of a lack of genetic information? |
| symptoms | ondisjuntion results in a specific group of what? |
| Syndrome | What is a group of symptoms with a single cause? |
| down syndrome | What is it called when there's an extra chromosome #21? |
| down syndrome | What medical problem do these symptoms relate to... Abnormal eyelids, nose with a low bridge, large tongue, short broad hands, and mentally retarded to varying degrees? |
| Klinefelfer's Syndrome | What is a result of nondisjuntion of sex chromosomes, male with an extra X chromosome? |
| Klinefelfer's Syndrome | What syndrome do these symptoms refer to...XXY genotype, males that do not develop in a normal physical matter, enlarged breasts, high pitched voice, sterile, below normal intelligence, and possible violent behavior? |
| 1/1000 | WHat is the fraction of pacients who suffer from Klinefelfter's syndrome that have violent behavior? |
| Turner's Syndrome | What is the nondisjuntion of sex chromosomes, individual missing X,Y (monosomy), female phenotype? |
| Turner's Syndrome | What syndrome has the following symptoms...XO genotype, appear normal at birth, body shape short and stocky, large neck, sex organ/breasats do not fully develop, sterile, and heart defects? |
| XO | What kind of genotype does a person suffering from Turner's Syndrom have? |
| XXY | What kind of genotype does a person suffering from Klinefelfer's Sydrome have? |
| Polyploidy | What occurs when the nucleus fails to go through the second meiotic division, adn the gamete produced is diploid? |
| 3n | In polyploidy upon fertilization what is the zygote? |
| polyploidy | What is lethal in most organisms but is often common in plants? |
| Point Mutation | What is a substitution mutation? |
| Point Mutation | What kind of mutation is it when one base is replaced for another (usually one pyrimidine or purine)? |
| Point Mutation | What kind of mutation is it when it changes one nucleotide base in a gene (single amino acid change may alter protein)? |
| sickle cell disease | What is an example of a point mutation? |
| oxygen | What can't sickle cells carry? |
| deletion | WHat will change the codon sequence, and often produces a protein that can't function properly?Insertion |
| Insertion | What is a frame shift mutation, the addition of an extra nucleotide, and has similar results as deletion? |
| Crossing Over | What is the exchange of genetic material during synapsis of homologous chromosomes? |
| chromatids | What of the homologous pair twist around each other, and is the result is a new allele combination? |
| recombinant | What are individuals with new combinations of genes? |
| crossing over | What produces new combinations of alleles on each chromosome and thus increases genetic variety? |
| Linkage groups | Along waht does crossing over occur randomly at? |
| distance | What between two genes determines how often crossing over occurs between them? |
| Incomplete Dominance | What is it when one allele is active? |
| Incomplete Dominance | What is it when the trait is intermediate of parents not a blend? |
| Codominance | What is it when both aleles of a gene are exposed? |
| Codominance | What is it called when both alleles are active (blending)? |
| Polygenic Inheritane | What is it when many traits are produced by the interaction of many genes? |
| Polygenic Traits | What are traits controlled by 2 or more genes? |
Combine with other sets
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