Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function
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Created by:
mermaid4life2 on February 6, 2012
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Vocabulary
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Anatomy | the study of the form of an organism's structures |
| Physiology | the study of the functions of those structures |
| Tissue | an integrated group of similar cells, that perform a common function |
| Organ | made up of two or more types of of tissues that together perform a specific task |
| Organ System | consists of multiple organs that together perform a vital body function |
| Epithelial Tissues | sheets of closely packed cells that cover your body surface and line your internal organs and cavities |
| Connective Tissue | consists of a sparse population of cells scattered throughout an extracellular material called a matrix |
| Loose Connective Tissue | its matrix is a loose weave of fibers |
| Fibrous Connective Tissue | densely packed parallel bundles of collagen fibers; maximizes its strength |
| Adipose Tissue | stores fat in large, closely packed adipose cells held in a matrix of fibers |
| Cartilage | connective tissue that forms a strong but flexible skeletal material, consists of collagen fibers embedded in a rubbery material |
| Bone | has a matrix of collagen fibers embedded in a hard mineral substance made of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate |
| Blood | transports substances throughout your body and functions differently from other connective tissues |
| Muscle Tissue | the most abundant tissue in most animals |
| Skeletal Muscle | attached to your bones by tendons and is responsible for voluntary movements of your body (walking, bouncing) |
| Cardiac Muscle | forms the contractile tissue of your heart |
| Smooth Muscle | lacks striations; found in the walls of your digestive tract, arteries, and other internal organs |
| Nervous Tissue | senses stimuli and rapidly transmits information |
| Neuron | the structural and functional unit of nervous tissue; conducts electrical nerve impulses |
| Circulatory System | delivers O2 and nutrients to your body cells and transports O2 to the lungs and metabolic wastes to the kidneys |
| Respiratory System | exchanges gases with the environment, supplying your blood with O2 and disposing CO2 |
| Integumentary System | protects your body against physical injury, infection, excessive heat or cold, and drying out |
| Skeletal System | supports your body, protects organs such as your brain and lungs, and provides the framework for muscles to produce movement |
| Muscular System | moves your body, maintains posture, and produces heat |
| Urinary System | removes waste products from your blood, and excretes urine |
| Digestive System | ingests and digests your food, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates undigested material |
| Endocrine System | secretes hormones that regulate the activities of your body; maintains an internal steady state called homeostasis |
| Lymphatic System | returns excess body fluid to the circulatory system and functions as part of the immune system |
| Immune System | defends your body against infections and cancer |
| Nervous System | coordinates your body's activities by detecting stimuli, integrating information, and directing the body's response |
| Reproductive System | produces gametes and sex hormones |
| Interstitial Fluid | solution body cells are bathed in |
| Homeostasis | means "a steady state"; the steady state of body functioning |
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