| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Selectively Permeable | property that allows some substance to pass through, not others |
| Diffusion | the process whereby particles of liquids, gases, or solids intermingle as the result of their spontaneous movement caused by thermal agitation and in dissolved substances move from a region of higher to one of lower concentration |
| Osmosis | the tendency of a fluid, usually water, to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a solution where the solvent concentration is higher, thus equalizing the concentrations of materials on either side of the membrane |
| Passive Transport | way of moving molecules across membrane without need for chemical energy |
| Active Transport | transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient |
| Transport Proteins | A transmembrane protein that helps a certain substance or class of closely related substances to cross the membrane. |
| Element | any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter |
| Compound | a pure substance composed of two or more elements whose composition is constant. |
| Carbohydrate | a class of molecules ranging from the small sugar molecules dissolved in soft drinks to large polysaccharides, such as the starch molecules |
| Lipid | macromolecules used for energy storage, cell membranes, and waterproofing |
| Protein | a molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body. |
| Amino Acid | a small molecule that is linked chemically to other amino acids to form proteins |
| Enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions |
| Nucleic Acid | very long organic molecules made of carbon which contain the instructions to carry out the functions of life. |
| DNA | Genetic material that carries information about an organism. |
| RNA | Produces proteins |
| calorie | amount of energy needed to lift 1g of water at 1 degree Celsius |
| Nutrient | a substance in food that provides energy or helps form body tissues and that is necessary for life and growth. |
| Vitamin | any of a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to normal metabolism |
| Mineral | a class of nutrients that are chemical elements that are needed for certain body processes |
| Solution | a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances |
| Solute | the dissolved substance in a solution |
| Solvent | the substance that the solute is dissolved in |
| Concentration | The amount of a substance in a solution |
| Hypertonic | solution with higher concentration than immersed cell (cell shrivels) |
| Isotonic | (used of solutions) having the same or equal osmotic pressure |
| Hypotonic | solution with solute concentration lower than the immersed cell (cell becomes lysed) |
| Equilibrium | equality of distribution |
| Crenation | A cell imploding |
| Hemolysis | a cell exploding |
Combine with other sets
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