| Term | Definition |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen |
| Cellular Respiration | The process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates |
| Autotrophs | Organisms that make their own food |
| Heterotrophs | Organisms that obtain energy from the foods that they consume |
| Chlorophyll | A green pigment that is present in most plant and algae cells and some bacteria, that gives plants their characteristic green color, and that absorbs light to provide energy for photosynthesis |
| Anaerobic | Describes a process that does not require oxygen |
| Aerobic | Describes a process that requires oxygen |