| Term | Definition |
|---|
| right ventricle characteristics | has thin walls; develops low pressure when pumping into the pulmonary circuit to and from adjacent lungs |
| why is low pressure necessary in the right ventricle? | because the pulmonary capillaries at the gas-exchange surfaces of the lungs are very delicate |
| left ventricle characteristics | has thick walls |
| why are thick walls in left ventricle necessary? | because it pumps blood throughout the systemic circuit |
| components of AV valves | 1. ring of connective tissue attached to the fibrous skeleton of the heart; 2. cusps; 3. chordae tendineae; 4. papillary muscles |
| what are the two semilunar valves called? | aortic valve and pulmonary valve |
| functions of the semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) valves | guarding the exits of the left and right ventricles to maintain one-way flow of blood |
| regurgitation | backflow of blood |
| what prevents regurgitation? | flow of blood through valves in only one direction |
| what causes heart sounds? | closure of valves and rushing of blood through the heart; can be heard during auscultation |
| coronary circulation | supplies blood to the muscles of the heart to meet the high oxygen and nutrient demands of the cardiac muscle cells |
| where do coronary arteries originate? | at the base of the ascending aorta; give rise to two branches |
| what does right coronary artery give rise to? | right marginal branch and posterior interventricular branch |
| what does left coronary artery give rise to | circumflex branch and anterior interventricular branch |
| what is anastomoses? | interconnections between arteries that ensure a constant blood supply |
| what do the great and middle cardiac veins do? | carry blood from the coronary capillaries to the coronary sinus |
| what do the anterior cardiac veins do? | drain the anterior surface of the right ventricle and empty directly into the right atrium |
Combine with other sets
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