| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Statesmen and historian; wrote The Prince which held accounts of how politics and government really worked. |
| Martin Luther | a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices. |
| Leonardo_da_Vinci | Italian painter and sculptor and engineer and scientist and architect |
| Michelangelo | Florentine sculptor and painter and architect |
| indulgences | certificates issued by the pope, which were said to reduce or cancel punishment for a person's sins |
| William_Shakespeare | English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616) |
| Desiderius Erasmus | Humanist priest who criticized corrupt popes and monks |
| Johannes Gutenburg | Created the Printing Press |
| Sir_Thomas_More | English statesman who opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon and was imprisoned and beheaded |
| John_Calvin | Swiss theologian (born in France) whose tenets (predestination and the irresistibility of grace and justification by faith) defined Presbyterianism (1509-1564) |
| disenchantment | freeing from false belief or illusions |
| Council_of_Trent | an ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church convened in Trento in three sessions between 1545 and 1563 in response to the Reformation |
| Edict of Nantes | 1598, decree promulgated at Nantes by King Henry IV to restore internal peace in France, which had been torn by the Wars of Religion; the edict defined the rights of the French Protestants |
| theocracy | the belief in government by divine guidance |
| Jesuits | Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism. |
| superstition | the false belief that living creatures or things possess powers that in fact they do not have |
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