AP Euro Chapter 22
Order by
63 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Eastern question | Refers to the fate of the ottoman empire |
| Straits convention | 1841. Major powers agree to close straits to warships |
| 1829 | Greek independence |
| Crimean war | Turks declare war on russia in 1853. Eng & Fr join Turks |
| Siege of sevastopol | Bloodiest battle Of crimean war |
| Alfred lord Tennyson | Wrote charge of the light brigade about Crimean war |
| Florence nightingale | Founder of modern nursing. Was a nurse in Crimean war |
| 1855 | Alexander II becomes tsar of Russ. Ends war |
| Paris peace conference | 1856. Black sea neutralized, Danube river open to all, Moldavia/Wallachia = desperate principalities, Italian question |
| Moldavia/Wallachia | in 1862 becomes part of Romania |
| PPC Problems | Nothing done to resolve Balkans, Russ feels cheated, Austria is isolated, Nap III got ego boost |
| Second French Emp | 1852-1870 |
| 1852 | Nap III's coup d'etat |
| 1852-1860 | Authoritarian dictatorship in Fr |
| Urban renewal | modernizing cities |
| Baron Haussman | renovated paris |
| 1862-1867 | Nap III tries to colonize Mexico by arranging a marriage between Maximillan Haqpsburg & Carlotta of Mexico. Mexicans defeated French |
| 1860-1870 | Liberal Empire in Fr |
| 1870-1871 | Franco-Prussian War; Italy takes over papal states |
| Risorgimento | unified Italy |
| Mazzini | started risorgimento, wants a republic |
| Garibaldi | Italian patriot |
| Red Shirts | Garibaldi's army, invaded 2 sicilies |
| Victor Emmanuel | King of Piedmont/Sardinia (only indep region) in 1849; wants unification |
| Count Camillo Cavour | Chief minister of Sardinia. Plans Italian unification |
| Venice/Lombardy | owned by Austria - wanted back |
| Tuscany, Parma, Modena | ruled by Austrian nobles |
| Kingdom of 2 sicilies | South Italy controlled by Spain (Bourbons) |
| Plombieres Meeting | Nap III makes a secret deal w Italy through Cavour. Fr gains Nice/Savoy from Ital if they win Austrian war |
| 1859 | Italy/Austria War. Italy gets back Lombardy. Nap makes a truce with Aus & ends war |
| March 1861 | Kingdom of italy declared; VE is king |
| 7 weeks war | 1866 - Prussia vs Austria; Italy joins Pruss, gets Venice from Aus |
| Problems w Italian unification | Mazzini wanted a republic, North vs South, Late to industrialize and education systems |
| Austria in 1850s | Absolute monarchy, central gov controlled by germ/aus., minorities have no rights, nationalism is a concern, no industrialization |
| Pruss in 1850s | admin economy, highly advanced military, industrial powerhouse, constutional gov (king/nobles control gov) |
| Junkers | pruss nobility |
| William HohenzollernWilliam Hohenzollern | becomes regent/king of Pruss in 1857-1861 |
| Otto von Bismark | appointed Chancellor by Will. Creates Germany |
| Realpolitik | "Anything for the good of Pruss" (Bismarks phrase) |
| 1864 | Prussian/Denmark war |
| Schleswig-Holstein | 2 German Provinces;Bismark makes secret deal with Aus to share the territory if they beat Denmark. Pruss keeps territory, angers Aus (leads to 7 weeks war) |
| EMS dispatch | 1870 - William & French ambassador meet, Bismark changes it into a threatening meeting; tricks Fr into war (Franco-Pruss War) |
| Battle of Sedan | Sept 2, 1871 - Nap captured, put into exile. Pruss won (Franco-Pruss War) Paris surrendered in Jan 1871 |
| Adolphe Theirs | elected chief executive of Fr |
| Results of Franco-Pruss war | 2nd Germ Reich declared, Will ! becomes German kaiser, Bismark is chancellor. Fr is 5 bill indemnity, Alsace-Lorraine is taken from Fr. |
| Paris Commune | 1871 - 1st attempt to est communism |
| Reich-stag | German Parliament |
| 1837-1901 | Queen Victoria ruled Eng |
| Splendid Isolation | English foreign policy |
| Tories | conservative political party in eng. led by Disraeli |
| Whigs | liberal pol party in eng. led by Gladstone |
| Victorian Compromise | Queen V convinces the 2 parties to compromise |
| 1870 | Education Acts passed (all children go to school) |
| Francis Deak | led Hungary |
| Ausgleich | duel monarchy of Austria-Hungary, other minorities still oppressed |
| Russia in 1850s | Slow westernization, size, ethnics, autocracy, 95% serfs. Slavic culture, Eastern Orthodox Chris, agrarian |
| Westerners | pol party in Russ for reforms/westernizing |
| Slavophiles | pol party in Russ, no westernizing |
| Emancipation of the serfs | 1/2 avail land given to serfs (taken from nobles). given 49 yrs to repay |
| Zemstvo | local elected assembly in Russ |
| Bakunin | prominent Russ anarchist |
| 1881 | Tsar Alexander assassinated |
| Russification | turn foreigners into Russians |
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