| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Melanocytic Nevi | Usually uniform, when not atypical/dysplastic. Classified according to site of clusters |
| Junctional Nevi | Uniform, if > 1cm, congenital nevus or a dysplastic nevus, prediliction for sun-exposed areas and occasionally plams/soles |
| Dermal Nevi | Uniform, dome shaped, +/- telangiectasia/hair. face, neck, trunk or extremities. Older lesions, may be cobblestone-like, papilllomatous/pedunculated. not disappear spontaneously |
| Compound Nevi | Combo of junctional and dermal. Darkly pigmented, dome-shaped, smooth uniform papules +/- hairs. face, trunk, extremities, scalp |
| Halo Nevi | Aka Sutton's leukoderma acquisitum centifugum. Encircled by halo of leukoderma/depigmentation. 3 stages 1) halo develop, 2) disappearance, 3) repigmentation |
| Blue Nevi | Dorsa of hands/feet, buttocks, back, scalp, or face. Acquired, asympotmatic, benign. Localized proliferation of melanin-producing dermal melanocytes |
| Blue Nevi Tx | Sudden change -> excise |
| Spitz Nevi | Asymptomatic, acquired (90%) skin colored, can look irregular. Histologically like MM, atypicals are removed |
| Nevus Spilus | Light brown pigmented macule, many dark brown small macules or papules scattered throughout the pigmented background |
| Mongolian Spot | Gray blue coalescing patches on lumbosacral area, Asiatic or Amerindian, no association with MM |
| Nevus of Ota | Mottles mixture of blue/brown hyperpigmentation of skin. 1st and 2nd branch of CN V. Asian, Congenital/early childhood |
| Seborrheic Keratosis | Most common benign epitherlial tumor. Stuck on, greasy, warty papules. After 30, more common and extensive in males. face, trunk, upper extremities |
| Leser Trelat | Eruption of sebrrheic Keratosis in a short amount of time. Can be a sign up upper GI cancer |
| Keratoacanthoma | Pseudocancer, tx as SCC b/c histologically sometimes difficult to distinguish. Dome shaped nodule with central keratin plug.. Rapid growth rate then may spontaneously involute. |
| Becker's Nevus | Developmental anomaly, compromised of pigmentation, hair grwoth, elevated verrucous surface. Males, develops around puberty. Shoulders and back |
| Trichoepithemioma | Benign appendage tumors, puberty, face, pink to skin colored papules. Appear as BCC, but is in numbers |
| Syringomas | Sweat duct tumor-benign ademona. 1-2mm flesh colored papules. Multiple, lower lids, face, axilla, umbilicus, chest, vulva |
| Sebaceous Hyperplasia | Tumors of enlarged sebacous glands. Plae, yellow, donut, umbilicated papules. Forehead, cheecks, lower lid, nose. |
| Nevus Sebaceous | Congenital malformation of sebaceous differentiation. Scalp. Hairless orange tinged plaque. May develop BCC in lesion so excision at puberty is recommended |
| Epidermal Nevus | Developmental disorder characterized by hyperplasia of epidermal structures. ILVEN |
| Lipoma | Benign sub-Q tumor. Soft, round, movable. Neck, trunk, extremities. Composed of fat cells |
| Dermatofibroma | Common button-like dermal nodule. Fibrous reaction to trauma or bite. Dimple sign, lateral compression with thumb and index finger produces a depression or dimple. Legs>arms>trunk |
| Kerloids | Excessing fibroous repair tissue after cutaneous injury extending beyond site of injury. Well-defined flesh colored, firm papules to nodules. Ear lobes, shoulders, upper back, chest. Asymptomatic but may be pruritis. Blacks |
| Acrochordons | Skin tags, cutaneous papilloma. Middle aged and elderly, females and obese patients. Soft, skin-colored, oval, sessile, pedunculaated papule. Intertriginous, neck, eyelids. |
| Capillary Hemangioma of Infancy | Strawberry Nevus; benign vascular proliferations, pale patch first month, enlarges rapidly by first year. Involutes. Red-purple, soft to firm. |
| Kasabach-Merritt syndrome | Strawberry Nevus that is cavernous type with platelet entrapment, thrombocytopenia |
| Port Wine stain | Capillary malformations that do not undergo spontaneous involution. Irregularly shaped red to violaceous patch present at birth. Does not cross midline. |
| Sturge-Weber syndrome | Port wine stain, vascular malformation of eye and leptomeningies |
| Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome | Port wine with enlargement of extremity |
| Nevus Flammeus Nuchae | Stork Bite, Port wine stain; neck, eyelids, glabella, may involute |
| Cavernous Hemangioma | Deep, vascular malformation composed of capillary, lymphatic and venous tissue. Soft compressible blue-tinged, erythematous nodules. |
| Blue Rupper Bleb Nevus | A cavernous hemangioma variant; painful compressible soft blue swelling |
| Mafucci's Syndrome | A cavernous hemangioma variant; associated wht bondy deformities |
| Venous Lake | Dark blue to violaceous, soft papule. Face, lips, ears. May be related to sun exposure |
| Cherry Angioma | Common, asymptomatic, bright red domed papules. Trunk, first occur at 30 yrws and increase in number over years |
| Spider Angiomas | Red, telangiectatic network of dilated capillaries radiating from a central arteriole (punctum).Face, forearms, hands. F>M, hyperestrogen states. liver dz |
| Pyogenic Granuloma | Rapidly developing hemangioma arising at sited of minor trauma, bright red to violaceous smotth dome-shaped nodule. Bleed frequently, fingers, lips, mouth, trunk, toes |
| Angiokeratoma of Fordyce | Dilated venules of scrotum and vulva |
| Angiokeratoma of Mibelli | Pink/red papules on elbows, knees, hands in females |
| Angiokeratoma Corpis Diffusum | X-linked inborn error of metabolism in males. Tiny red papules on lower abdomne, buttocks, and genetalia |
| Glomus Tumor | Tumor of glomus body, AV shunt linking venules to arterioles. Painful sunungual papules or nodules. Present on pads and nail beds of fingers, toes, ears, hands/feet, face |
| Lymphangioma | Lymphatic malformation, multiple small vesicles filled with fluid. Usually present at birth or childhood |
| Epidermoid Cysts | Most common cutaneous cyst, occurs in young-middle aged adults. Face, neck, upper trunk, scrotum. Derived from epidermis formed by cystic enclosure filled with fould-smelling keratin. Solitary dermal or sub-Q nodule filled with keratin |
| Epidermal Inclusion Cyst | Traumatic epidermoid cyst; secondary to traumatic implantation of epidermis within the dermis. Accumulation of keratin within cystic cavity. Dermal nodule most commonly on palms and soles |
| Milium | 1-2mm superficial white to yellow, keratin containing epidermal cyst. Located on eyelids, cheek, forehead and sites of trauma. Occur at any age |
| Trichilemmal Cyst | pilar cyst, 2nd most common cutaneous cyst, scalp of females. smooth, firm, dome shaped nodules. often cyst is calcified |
| Digital Myxoid Cyst | Pseudocyst over the DIP and base of the nail. Older patients with osteophytic node. Extrudes gelatinous material |
| Cutaneous Horn | Appearance of an animal horn. Can be formed from actinic keratosis, SCC, seborrheic keratoses, warts |
| Radiation Dermatitis | Skin changes from exposure to ionizing radiation. Erythema (redness), pigmentation, scarring, atrophy of skin, telangiectasias, necrosis and ulceration, leathery skin. Skin cancers may develop in these areas |
| Actinic Keratosis | Common, sun-induced permalignant lesions. Single of multiple, discrete, rough, adherent, scaly papules. Arise in areas of dermatoheliosis. Premal potential, SCC, and cutanous horn. Tx Crytotherapy, topical 5-fu |
| Basal Cell Carcinoma | Most common type of skin cancer. Locally invasive and aggressive, limited capacity to mt. patients with poor tanning capacity and albinos. Occurs on head and neck, medial and lateral canthi, nasolabial fold, retrauricular |
| Nodular BCC | Pearly papule or nodule with telangiectasia, rolled border |
| Pigmented BCC | Blue, black, and pearly |
| Sclerosing BCC | Cicatricial, waxy, white, indistinct, worst prognosis |
| Superficial BCC | Red scaly plaque, pearly white border, resembles eczema, psoriasis. Least aggressive, no relation, no relation to sun exposure |
| Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome | AD, multiple BCCs, palmoplantar pits. Skeletal malformations. Eye, CNS, endocrine abnormalities. Internal neoplasms |
| Merkel Cell Carcinoma | Rare malignant tumor, solitary or multiple firm nodules. Head extremities. Can disseminate to lymph nodes, viscera and CNS |
| Invasive SCC | Malignant tumor of kertainocytes. Indurated erythematous, hyperkeratotic, scaly papules, plaques, nodules +/- erosions. Face, tips of ears, preauricular area, scalp, dorsal hands, forearms, lower lips |
| Melanoma Precursors Dysplastic Nevus | Proliferations of atypcial melanocytes. De novo or from a compound nevus, variegated in color. Asymmetric in outline. Irregular borders, unusual histologic features |
| Melanoma Precursors Congenital Nevus | Pigmented skin lesions present at birth or infancy. Benign but may be precursors to MM. Small congenital nevi small lifetime risk. Large congenital nevi is a larger risk |
| Lentigo Maligna | Melanoma in situ, a macular intraepidermal neoplasm and a precursor to LMM, slowly evolves |
| Lentigo Maligna Melanoma | The least common of the principal melanomas of whit persons. Older person on sun-exposed areas, face and forearms. Outdoor occupation |
| Nodular Melanoma | Mid-aged persons on unexposed areas, this tumor begins in the vertical growth phase and is aggressive. Presents as a blue or black, thick elevated plaque or exophytic nodule. Risk: Dysplastic nevi, Fhx, fair skin. excessive sun exposure |
| Superficial Spreading Melanoma | 70% of all melanomas in white skin. Occurs as a slow-growing lesion since it remains in a radial growth phase for months to years. Mixture of colors. Arises most freq on upper back and legs. |
| Acral Lentiginous Melanoma | Arises on the sole, palm, fingernal or toenail bed or mucocutanous skin of mouth, genitalia or anus. Grows slowly. Hutchinson's sign. Asian, Black men. |
| Subungal melanoma | most common tpye of acral lentignious melanoma |
| Metastatic Melanoma | Spread from primary site. Sentinal node biopsy for regional mt to lymph nodes. Visceral mt can occur in lung, liver, brain and bone. |
Combine with other sets
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