Final 2012 - Modern Biology CH. 11 Vocabulary - Set 1
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Expression | activation of a gene that results in formation of a protein |
| Genome | the complete genetic material contained in an individual |
| Structural genes | genes that code for particular polypeptides |
| Promotor | a DNA segment that recognizes the enzyme RNA polymearse and thus promotes transcription |
| Operator | a DNA segment that serves as a binding site for an inhibitory protein that blocks transcription from happening |
| Operon | a series of genes that codes that code for specific products and the regulatory elements |
| Repressor protein | a protein that inhibits a specific gene from being operated |
| Repression | the blockage of transcription by the action of a repressor protein |
| Regulator gene | codes for the production of the repressor protein |
| Inducer | a molecule that initiates gene expression |
| Activation | the initiation of transcription by removal of a repressor protein |
| Euchromatin | a region of DNA that is uncoiled and undergoing active transcription into RNA |
| Introns | are the selection of a structural gene that do not code for amino acids and therefore not translated into proteins |
| Exons | the sections of a structural gene that, when expressed, are translated into proteins. |
| Pr-mRNA | a form of messenger RNA that contains both introns and exons |
| Enhancer | a non-coding control sequence in a eukaryotic gene |
| Transcription factors | bind to enhancers and RNA polymearse to regulate transcription |
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