| Term | Definition |
|---|
| humanism | a philosophy that emphasizes the worth and ptential of all individuals and tries to balance religious faith with belief in the power of the human mind |
| fostered | encouraged or promoted in growth or development |
| perspective | a method of showing a three dimentional scene on a flat surface so that it looks real |
| petrarch | wrote about the importants of knowing history |
| michelangelo | designed did poetr carved sulptures painted |
| Florence | Italy's leading cultural center during the Renaissance. |
| Venice | An Italian trading city on the Ariatic Sea, agreed to help the Byzantines' effort to regain the lands in return for trading privileges in Constantinople. |
| Silk Road- | chain of trade routes stretching from China to the Mediterranean Sea |
| Marco Polo- | Venetian merchant and traveler. His accounts of his travels to China offered Europeans a firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated interest in Asian trade, Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324) |
| interest- | Money paid for the use of money. |
| renaissance- | the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world |
| Petrarch- | an Italian poet famous for love lyrics (1304-1374) |
| cosimo de medici- | ruler of florence |
| milan- | city in italy |
| genoa- | city in italy |
| venice- | city in italy |
| medici- | aristocratic Italian family of powerful merchants and bankers who ruled Florence in the 15th century |
| port- | land at or reach a port |
| wool- | a fabric made from the hair of sheep |
| banking- | transacting business with a bank |
| merchants- | people who buy and sell goods |
| china- | a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia |
| italy- | the country where the renissance began |
| signore- | an Italian title of respect for a man |
| signoria- | ruling council in Florence, often controlled by the Medicis |
| europe- | the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia) |
| education | the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university) |
| disseminating | circulating; broadcasting; spreading (information) |
| vernaculer | the language of a given people |
| Johann Gutenberg | German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400-1468) |
| Universities | Degree-granting institutions of higher learning. Those that appeared in Latin West from about 1200 onward became the model of all modern universities. (p. 407) |
| Renaissance | the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world |
| animal skins | skins from animals |
| letters | written communication from one person to another. |
| ink | dark protective fluid ejected into the water by cuttlefish and other cephalopods |
| paper | a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses |
| broadcasting | used to reach the greatest number of people through media that is directed toward all audiences through all forms of media |
| circulating | moving in a circle |
| spreading | act of extending over a wider scope or expanse of space or time |
| humanists | scholars who promoted humanism, accepted classical beliefs and wanted to use them to renew thier society |
| Bible | the scriptures of the christian faith, filled with storiesto touch people and make a difference |
| book | physical objects consisting of a number of pages bound together |
| write | mark or trace on a surface |
| language | the mental faculty or power of vocal communication |
| scholars | A student who has held a particular scholarship. |
| schools | agent of socialization that teaches things like diversity, competition, success based on performance, and rigid formality |
| educated | adequately educated in the use of numerical terms and concepts especially in arithmetical operations |
| dancing | taking a series of rhythmical steps (and movements) in time to music |
| philosophy | a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school |
| political | involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians |
| nobles | people who were born into wealthy powerful families |
| Christanity | the Christian religion founded on the teachings of Jesus |
| corrupt | corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality |
| devotion | commitment to some purpose |
| paintings | pictures made with paints |
| myths | a traditional story that deals with the supernatural, ancestors, or heroes |
| scientists | people who study the world around them to learn how things happened and what is going to happen next |
| carved | made for or formed by carving ('carven' is archaic or literary) |
| The Praise of Folly | written by Desiderius Erasmus |
| Pieter Brueghel | Flemish painter of landscapes (1525-1569) |
| audience | a gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance |
| Middle Ages | the period of history between classical antiquity and the Italian Renaissance |
| Francois Rabelais | author of satirical attacks on medieval scholasticism (1494-1553) |
| romantic | a soulful or amorous idealist |
| character | a characteristic property that defines the apparent individual nature of something |
| Dante Alighieri | writer who wrote The Divine Comedy in native language |
| Johann Gutenberg | German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400-1468) |
| Humanism | a system of thought that focuses on the nature, ideals, and achievements of humans |
| Perspective | a method of showing a three demensional scene on a flat surface so that it looks real |
| Leonardo da Vinci | Italian painter and sculptor and engineer and scientist and architect |
| Michelangelo | Florentine sculptor and painter and architect |
| Mona Lisa | a famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci |
| Christian Humanism | the resulting combination of humanist and religious ideas |
| Desiderius Erasmus | Dutch humanist and theologian who was the leading Renaissance scholar of northern Europe |
| Albrecht Durer | a leading German painter and engraver of the Renaissance (1471-1528) |
| Miguel de Cervantes | Spanish writer best remembered for 'Don Quixote' which satirizes chivalry and influenced the development of the novel form (1547-1616) |
| William Shakespeare | English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616) |
| Printing Press | A press that incorporated moving text, and made the process of book making faster and cheaper. This process was invented by Johan Guttenberg |
| Cartography | The art and science of mapmaking |
| Astronomy | Is the study of object in space including stars planets and comets. |
| Human Anatomy | the science of the structure of the human body |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | a statesman of Florence who advocated a strong central government (1469-1527) |
| Filippo Brunelleschi | Florentine architect who was the first great architect of the Italian Renaissance (1377-1446) |
| Mathematics | the study of numbers and their operations |
| Hans Holbein | German painter of religious works (1465-1524) |
| Jan van Eyck | The Flemish painter who was among the first to use and perfect the technique of oil painting. |
| Romeo and Juliet | a play written by Shakespeare |
| The Praise of Folly | book written by Desiderius Erasmus |
| Francesco Petrarch | One of the earliest Humanists and poet |
| The Prince | written by Niccoló Machiavelli |
| The Divine Comedy | written by Dante Alighirei |
| Paintbrush | a brush used as an applicator to apply paint |
| Oil Paint | paint with an oil base |
| Paper | flat thin material mainly obtained from wood pulp |
| Ink | substance used for writing & printing |
| philosophy | a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school |
| Christianity | the religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ |
| political | involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians |
| paintings | pictures made with paints |
| scientists | people who study the world around them to learn how things happened and what is going to happen next |
| Pieter Brueghel | Flemish painter of landscapes (1525-1569) |
| Don Quixote | novel written by Don Miguel de Cervantes |
| Middle Ages | the period of history between classical antiquity and the Italian Renaissance |
| Francois Rabelais | author of satirical attacks on medieval scholasticism (1494-1553) |
| book | a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together) |
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