History Ch. 14 Lesson 3
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 men who devote their lives to religion | monk |
| women who devote their lives to religion | nun |
| a community where monks study, pray, and live | monastery |
| a community where nuns study, pray, and live | convent |
| a person who teaches a religion to people with different beliefs | missionary |
| a king or queen who was a supreme ruler | monarch |
| people who lived on the land and farmed it | serf |
| warriors trained and prepared to fight on horseback | knights |
| a code of behavior that knights had to follow. | chivalry |
| a group of people united by a common interest | guild |
| a woman of noble birth | Lady |
| This was the holy city of Christendom, or "kingdom of the Christians". | Rome |
| What role did the Christian church have in medieval Europe? | 1. Building cathedrals became a major focus of medieval life. 2. Some young people devoted their lives to religion, becoming monks or nuns 3. Monasteries and convents served as centers of religion and education. |
| a political, social, and economic system that began in the 800s. It provided needed protection for people. | Feudalism |
| How was feudalism structured? | 1. Monarch 2. Lords 3. Knights 4. Serfs or peasants |
| List three characteristics of monarchs. | 1. Kings or Queens 2. Supreme Rulers 3. Granted estates to lords |
| List 3 characteristics of lords. | 1. Gave military support 2. Owned land and crops 3. Protected serfs, enforced laws, collected taxes |
| List 3 characteristics of knights. | 1. Received land from the lord 2. trained to fight on horseback 3. followed code of behavior |
| List 3 characteristics of serfs. | 1. lived on and farmed land 2. peasants 3. no loyalty to monarchs or lords |
| Why did a monarch give large estates to lords? | because lords pledged their loyalty to the monarch and military support in the event of conflict |
| True or false: During feudalism, peasants made up 90% of the population. | True |
| During feudalism, who had all the wealth? | Monarch, lords, and the church |
| What advantages did feudalism provide serfs? | 1. Serfs did not have to be loyal to anyone. 2. Serfs were not slaves 3. They were protected by lords |
| What disadvantages did feudalism provide serfs? | 1. They could not become knights 2. Serfs wer tied to the land they worked and could not leave it without the lord's permission |
| a way to manage feudal lands | manor system |
| What were the four parts of the manor? | 1. manor house and village 2. farmland 3. meadowland 4. wasteland |
| What was the three field rotation? | Every serf was assigned a strip of land in each of the manor's three fields. The planting of crops alternated between the three fields. |
| What were some advantages of the manor system? | 1. Met all the needs of the lord, knights, and serfs living there. 2. Allowed for crop surpluses 3. Serfs could sell the surplus crops to people living in towns and cities, which helped the towns and cities to grow. |
| What were some disadvantages of the manor system? | 1. Serfs had to life in small, crowded cottages. 2. Serfs had to share their cottages with livestock and other animals. 3. Peasants had to farm their own land and the land of their lord. |
| What were the advantages of joining a guild? | 1. the guild worked together to buy large quantities of goods cheaply and to control the market 2. Guilds guaranteed a fair price for goods 3. Guilds controlled the quanity and quality of production. 4. Guilds protected the town's merchants from having to compete with others outside of the town |
| Describe life for women in the Middle Ages. | 1. when they married they had to give up their rights and could not make decisions 2. a lady's actions were directed by her husband or father 3. Servants managed the estate and nurses took care of the children. 4. Women in villages had to work on the land with their husbands. 5. Unmarried women in villages workd as servants or hired agricultural workers. |
| One of the few medieval women to earn a living by writing. | Christine de Pisan |
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