Chemistry and Lab Tests
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Created by:
karlyjarz09 on February 11, 2012
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58 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 RV | Routine Venipuncture |
| BV | Butterfly Venipuncture |
| BS | Butterfly with syringe |
| S | Straight syringe |
| Use iodine when testing for alcohol | ... |
| ETOH tube? | Grey |
| FBS - Glucose | fasting blood sugar |
| Site Selection - Site problems | burns, tattos, scars they are hard to palpate and penetrate, impaired circulation, painful |
| Site problems - damaged veins | schlerosed or thrombosed - difficult to penetrate, impaired circulation, may yield bad lab results |
| Edema | accumulation of fluids in tissues, may cause bad lab results due to excess fluid |
| Hematoma | swelling and blood that has leaked into surrounding tissue |
| Masectomy site problems | do not draw blood on same side as mastecomy due to lymphostasis. |
| Lymphostasis | stoppage of lymph flow - caused by lymph node removal |
| Masectomy site problems may cause... | infection, tourniquet may cause injury, |
| Obseity site problems | veins too deep and difficult to palpate, tourn. may not fit, use blood pressure cuff. |
| What to do when drawing an obese patient | two creases in the anticubital area, may find median cubital vein there. may turn arm so hand is prone to find cephalic vein, cephalic vein is usually the vein of choice |
| IV therapy pts problems. NEVER DRAW ABOVE IV SITE BECAUSE: | blood sample may be contaminated with IV fluids (drugs) If not other site is available draw below IV site. |
| Follow facility protocol for drawing below an IV - 7 steps | Turn off IV for 2 min, tourn below IV (distal), choose site distal to IV, look for vein other than one with IV, Discard first 5 cc of blood (10 for coag tests), notify RN when done, document |
| VAD (vascular access devices) | tubing inserted under skin then inserted into an artery or vein |
| VAD is used for (2) | administering fluids/medications and drawing blood |
| VAD patient procedures | Only done by trained personnel, discard first 5cc of blood, do not draw from this for coag tests because lines are flushed with heparin |
| Types of VADs | CVC, implanted port, PICC, Arterial line, Heparin, AV shunt, Fistula |
| Do not collect blood for 24 hours after IV is discontinued. | ... |
| CVAD | central vascular access device |
| CVAD is used for what? | line in main artery or vein, flushed with heparin to prevent thrombosis, must discard first 5cc of blood to remove contamination, do not use for coag testing |
| Types of CVADs | CVC (central venous catheter), implanted port, PICC |
| CVC abbrev | Central venous catheter |
| PICC abbrev | peripherally inserted central catheter |
| Lavender Tubes - EDTH | blood does not clot, tests are done on whole blood. |
| Lavender Tubes - dept. | Hematology |
| Lavender tube tests (anything that has to do with counting blood cells & their characteristics) | CBC, WBC, RBC, Hemoglobin, Hematocit, Platelets, sed rate, Retic count, differential (slide made to look at cells) |
| Blue Tubes - sodium citrate | blood does not clot, tests are performed on the plasma |
| Blue tube dept. | coagulation dept. |
| Coagulation Dept. studies what? | blood clotting mechanism and blood clotting factors in plasma |
| Blue tube blood tests (anything that has to do with coagulation studies) | PT, PTT, d-dimer, DIC panel, Fibrinogen, Factor Assays |
| Green tube - heparin | blood does not clot, tests are performed on the plasma |
| Green tube dept | Chemistry |
| Chemistry studies what? | plasma analytes |
| Green tube tests | STAT (cause blood does not clot so it can be processed quicker), electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chrloride, CO2), basic metobolic panel (BUN, creat, electrolytes, Ca) Ammonia (must be on ice) |
| Examples of electrolytes | sodium N+, potassium K, Chloride, C02 |
| BMP abbrev | basic metabolic panel |
| examples of BMPs | BUN, creat, electrolytes, Ca) |
| BUN abbrev | blood urea nitrogen |
| SST tubes (no anticoag, so the blood clots) additives | clot activator (some have the gel) |
| SST tubes dept. | chemistry (study of serum analytes) |
| SST the tests are done on the serum NOT the plasma | but this can vary with labs |
| SST tests | MI Panel (heart attack) this is a stat test that will be done in a green tube, Lipid Panel , Liver panel, Nutrition, basal metabolic panel, comprehensive metablic panel, renal panel, electrolytes, diabetes, thyroid. |
| CMP abbrev | comprehensive metabolic panel |
| Chemistry tubes include: | SST (serum), Green (plasma), PST (plasma), Gray (plasma) |
| SST tube has a | clot activator and gel in it |
| Green has | sodium or lithium heparin |
| PST | haparin and gel |
| Gray has | sodium flouride & potassium oxalate |
| PST or green tubes are used for STAT testing because | it is ready for testing sooner. SST tubes you must waitfor it to clot before spinning in a centrifuge |
| Gray tube tests | glucose, ETOH (alcohol), HgB, A1C,FBS (fasting blood sugar) |
| Other common chemistry tests | amylase, lipase, ammonia (NH3), iron, enzymes, uric acid, drugs of abuse (ETOH), therapeutic drugs, hormones, tumor markers |
| Drugs of abuse abbrev | ETOH |
| NH3 abbrev | ammonia |
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