PDA Exam 1 Viruses (through hepatitis)
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Created by:
alyssagould on February 12, 2012
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Neuraminidase Inhibitors:1. Two drugs 2. Mechanism | 1. Zanamivir, oseltamivir 2. Inhibits cleavage and release of virus |
| Zanamivir: 1. Treats.. 2. Administration 3. Must be given within.. 4. Adverse effects | 1. Influenza A and B 2. Inhaled 3. Two days of onset of symptoms 4. None, since inhaled |
| Oseltamivir: 1. Treats.. 2. Administration 3. Adverse effects (3) | 1. Influenza A and B 2. Oral 3. Limited; hepatitis, elevated liver enzymes, anaphylaxis |
| Neuraminidase Inhibitors: 1. Drug interactions 2. Pregnancy category | 1. None 2. C |
| Uncoating Agents: 1. Two drugs 2. Mechanism | 1. Amantadine, rimantadine 2. Interferes with viral M2 protein; unable to uncoat |
| Amantadine/Rimantadine: 1. Treats.. 2. Pregnancy category 2. Drug interactions (seizures) | 1. Only influenza A 2. C 3. Bupropion, contrast agents, tramadol |
| Amantadine/Rimantadine: Adverse (4) | 1. CNS effects 2. Congestive heart failure 3. Hypertension 4. Hematological |
| Where do each "hide out": 1. HSV 1 and 2 2. Zoster 3. HCMV | 1. Neuronal cells 2. Neuronal cells 3. Immune cells |
| Purine Nucleoside Analogs (4) | 1. Acyclovir 2. Gancyclovir 3. Pencyclovir 4. Deoxyguanosine |
| Acyclovir: 1. Treats what? 2. Must be given within.. 3. Inhibits what? | 1. HSV 1 and 2, zoster; prophylaxis for HCMV 2. 24 hours of onset 3. CYP 1A2 |
| Acyclovir: Adverse (3) | 1. Anaphylaxis 2. Hematological 3. Hematuria |
| Acyclovir: 1. Pregnancy category 2. Drug interactions: nephrotoxicity (2) | 1. B 2. Cidofovir, sirolimus |
| Low Therapeutic Index (2) | 1. Aminoglycosides 2. Ganciclovir |
| Ganciclovir: 1. Treats.. 2. Pregnancy category 3. Adverse effects (1) and incidence rate | 1. HCMV 2. C 3. Serious hematological; 30% incidence rate |
| Ganciclovir: Drug Interactions (4 drugs) | 1. Tumor necrosis factor blockers 2. Hematologic disorders: clozapine, deferiprone, zidovudine |
| Famciclovir: 1. Treats.. 2. Pregnancy category 3. Adverse effects (1) 4. Drug interactions | 1. Same as acyclovir 2. B 3. Erythema (sunburn-like) 4. None |
| Cidofovir: 1. Mechanism 2. Phosphorylated by.. 3. Pregnancy category | 1. Inhibits viral DNA synthesis 2. Endogenous enzymes (bypasses viral selectivity and activation) 3. C |
| Cidofovir: 1. Treats.. 2. Adverse effects (1) and incidence rate 3. Drug interactions: any drugs that cause.. | 1. HCMV retinitis, GCV-resistant HCMV, ACV-resistant HSV 2. Nephrotoxicity; 50% incidence 3. Nephrotoxicity |
| Foscarnet: 1. Mechanism 2. Adverse effects (2) and incidence rate 3. Therapeutic uses 4. Pregnancy | 1. Inhibits viral DNA polymerase and HIV reverse transcriptase 2. Nephrotoxicity (50%), hypocalcemia 3. HCMV retinitis, GCV-resistant HCMV, ACV-resistant HSV and zoster 4. C |
| Foscarnet: Drug Interactions (4 causes) | 1. Increased nephrotoxicity 2. QT interval 3. Increased seizures 4. Increased hypocalcemia |
| Hepatitis C vs. B 1. DNA/RNA? 2. Latency? 3. Which drugs can treat for both? | C vs. B: 1. RNA; DNA 2. No; yes 3. C drugs can treat B but B drugs can't treat C |
| Interferon: 1. Mechanism 2. Pregnancy category 3. Treats.. | 1. IFN-alpha binds/activates the JAK-STAT pathway 2. C 3. Hepatitis C or B |
| Interferon: Adverse (5) | 1. Depression 2. Myelodepression 3. Neurotoxicity 4. Autoimmune disorders 5. Cardiovascular (hypotension, tachycardia) |
| Interferon: Drug Interactions 1. Increased seizures (3) 2. Increased myelosuppression (2) 3. Increased risk of infection (2) | 1. Bupropion, contrast agents, tramadol 2. Clozapine, deferiprone 3. Leflunomide, natalizumab |
| Ribavirin mechanism: promotes Th cell type 1 over type 2 by.. (2) | 1. Depleted GTP pools 2. Direct inhibition of HCV RNA polymerase |
| Ribavirin: 1. Pregnancy category 2. Adverse effects (2) 3. Treats.. | 1. X 2. CNS, hematological 3. Hepatitis C or B |
| Ribavirin: Drug Interactions 1. Increased myelosuppression (2) 2. Increased mitochondrial toxicities (peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, lactic acidosis) - 1 | 1. Azathioprine, mercaptopurine 2. Didanosine |
| Adefovir: 1. Mechanism 2. Adverse effects (1) 3. Pregnancy category | 1. Competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase 2. Nephrotoxicity 3. C |
| Adefovir: 1. Treats.. 2. Drug interactions: anything that causes.. | 1. Hepatitis B only 2. Nephrotoxicity |
| Entecavir: 1. Mechanism (2) 2. Adverse effects (2) 3. Drug interactions 4. Pregnancy category | 1. Inhibits viral DNA polymerase; inhibits reverse transcription 2. Hepatotoxicity; hepatic encephalopathy 3. None 4. C |
| Telbivudine: 1. Mechanism 2. Adverse effects (2) 3. Drug interactions 4. Pregnancy category | 1. Competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase 2. Myalgia, myopathy 3. None 4. B |
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