Chemical Bonding: Science
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 bonding | the combining of elements to form new substances |
| valence electrons | electrons in the outermost energy level. electrons involved in bonding. |
| oxidation number | the number of electrons the atom wants to gain or lose |
| has the chemical symbol of the element with the number of dots around it that symbolize the valence electrons | what is a "dot diagram" |
| ionic bonds | one atom steals electrons from another, electrons are transferred and ions attract one another |
| ionic bonds | metal and a nonmetal |
| covalent bonds | two atoms share electrons |
| covalent bonds | 2 non metals |
| metallic bonds | between two metals; the outer electrons flow freely throughout the metal rather than remaining associated with one atom; the negative electrons are attracted to the positive centers; this holds metals together and gives metals some of their characteristics |
| chemical formulas | show atoms that are bonded together |
| show how many atoms there are of that element | subscript number |
| ions | charged particles |
| ionization | the process of removing electrons and forming ions |
| ionization energy | the energy needed to remove an electron |
| electron affinity | the tendency of an atom to gain electrons |
| draw the letters with the valence electrons around them with the arrows | how to draw ionic bonds? |
| draw the circles | how to draw covalent bonds? |
| polyatomic ions | a group of atoms (covalently bonded together) that acts as a single ion when bonding ionicly to some other ion |
| crystal lattice | in ionic bonding, atoms are held together by the attraction of opposite charges of the ions; the ions stack together and form a ________; the placement of atoms in a regular, repeating arrangement |
| covalent bonding | bonding in which electrons are shared between 2 more atoms; found in bonding between nonmetals |
| however many electrons the atom needs that how many it will share | #1 rule of covalent bonding circles |
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