History Exam
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Created by:
johnmaguire on February 12, 2012
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45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Colonies and Causes of Revolution Terms and Names | ... |
| Parliament | The English Government |
| Rights of Englishmen | term prevalent in seventeenth-century England and America referring to certain historically established rights, beginning with the rights of the Magna Carta, that all English subjects were understood to have. These included the right not to be kept in prison without a trial, the right to trial by jury, security in one's home from unlawful entry, and no taxation without consent, among others. |
| French and Indian War | war fought between France and England in the 1750s over territorial claims in North America |
| Proclamation of 1763 | A proclamation from the British government which forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalacian Mountains, and which required any settlers already living west of the mountains to move back east. |
| Stamp Act | an act passed by the British parliment in 1756 that raised revenue from the American colonies by a duty in the form of a stamp required on all newspapers and legal or commercial documents |
| Boycott | To join others in refusing to deal with a person or group |
| Townsend Acts | Laws passed by Parliament in 1767 that set taxes on imports to the colonies |
| Boston Massacre | British soldiers fired into a crowd of colonists who were teasing and taunting them. Five colonists were killed. The colonists blamed the British and the Sons of Liberty and used this incident as an excuse to promote the Revolution. |
| Sons of Liberty | Secret societies formed to protest new taxes passed by Parliament. Led the Boston Tea Party and threatened tax collectors. |
| Tea Act | 1773 act which eliminated import tariffs on tea entering England and allowed the British East India Company to sell directly to consumers rather than through merchants. Led to the Boston Tea Party. |
| Boston Tea Party | demonstration (1773) by citizens of Boston who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped hundreds of chests of tea into the harbor |
| Intolerable Acts | The laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 that closed Boston Harbor, dissolved the Massachusetts assembly, and forced Boston colonists to house British soldiers. |
| Thomas Jefferson | 3rd President of the United States EX. chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826) |
| Early America and Westward Expansion Terms and Names | ... |
| Manifest Destiny | the belief that the United States was destined to stretch across the continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean |
| Industrial Revolution | the transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation |
| Louisiana Purchase | The U.S., under Jefferson, bought the Louisiana territory from France, under the rule of Napoleon, in 1803. The U.S. paid $15 million for the Louisiana Purchase, and Napoleon gave up his empire in North America. The U.S. gained control of Mississippi trade route and doubled its size. |
| Lewis and Clark Expedition | an expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States |
| Oregon Trail | a route from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon City, Oregon, used by pioneers traveling to the Oregon Territory |
| California Gold Rush | Migration of thousands of people to California (in 1849) after gold was discovered there. |
| Transcontinental Railroad | Completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah, it linked the eastern railroad system with California's railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west |
| Monroe Doctrine | an American foreign policy opposing interference in the western hemisphere from outside powers |
| Compromise of 1850 | agreement over slavery by which california joined the union as a free state and a strict fugitive slave law was passed |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | 1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty. |
| Dred Scott Case | Supreme Court case which ruled that slaves are not citizens but are property, affirmed that property cannot be interfered with by Congress, slaves do not become free if they travel to free territories or states, fueled abolitionist movement, hailed as victory for the south |
| Election of 1860 | The election in which Abraham Lincoln was first elected President due to the schism of the Democrats. Caused a chain reaction of southern states to secede from the Union since they were afraid of Lincoln's policies. |
| Indian Removal Act (1830) | Passed by Congress under the Jackson administration, this act removed all Indians east of the Mississippi to an "Indian Territory" where they would be "permanently" housed. Most Indians were moved to Oklahoma. |
| "Trail of Tears" | The tragic journey of the cherokee people from their home land to indian territory between 1838 and 1839, thousands of cherokees died. One-Fourth Died on the way traveled there. |
| Bureau of Indian Affairs | to manage Indian removal to western lands, Congress approved the creation of a new government agency |
| Growth of American Influence (America's Role in the World) | ... |
| Transcontinental Railroad | a railroad that connected the eastern United States to the western United States. The railroad firmly bonded the West Coast the Union, created a trade route to the far-east, and helped the western expansion |
| Imperialism | The kidnapping of U.S. Citizens to house on British War Ships |
| Manifest Destiny | the belief that the U.S. should extend all the way to the pacific ocean |
| Monroe Doctrine | an American foreign policy opposing interference in the western hemisphere from outside powers |
| Colony | a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland |
| Yellow Journalism | Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers. |
| USS Maine | Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish-American War |
| Philippines in The Spanish-American War | America took over control of the Spanish Colonies, Cuba and Spain that made the Spanish leave Cuba and The Philippines |
| Teddy Roosevelt | The U.S. President during The Spanish-American War who sent troops to Cuba and the Philippines to fight the Spanish |
| Platt Amendment | Allowed the United States to intervene in Cuba and gave the United States control of the naval base at Guantanamo Bay. |
| Anti-Imperialist League | Anti- Imperialist league is a movement opposed to any form of colonialism or imperialism. It is also against wars of conquest and expansion of countries. Like how the American's thought about Spain In The Spanish American War |
| Open Door Policy | a policy, proposed by the United States in 1899, under which all nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China |
| Panama Canal | Ship canal cut across the isthmus of Panama by United States Army engineers; it opened in 1915. It greatly shortened the sea voyage between the east and west coasts of North America. The United States turned the canal over to Panama on Jan 1, 2000 (746) |
| The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine | the United States could intervene in the internal affairs of Latin American nations when it wished |
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