Unit 22
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Created by:
sarahpatt26 on February 13, 2012
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 acr/o | extremities |
| adren/o | adrenal glands |
| crin/o | to secrete |
| -dipsia | thirst |
| gonad/o | ovaries or testicles |
| -ism | condition |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| parathyroid/o | parathyroid |
| pineal/o | pineal gland |
| pituit/o | pituitary |
| poly- | many |
| somat/a | body |
| thym/o | soul, emotions |
| thyr/o, thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| -tropin | to stimulate |
| acromegaly (ack-roh-MEG-ah-lee) | enlargement of the extremities (hands and feet) caused by excessive secretion of the growth hormone after puberty |
| Addison's disease (AD-ih-sonz) | progressive disease that occurs when adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol |
| adrenalitis (ah-dree-nal-EYE-tis) | inflammation of the adrenal glands |
| aldosteronism (al-DOSS-teh-roh-niz-em or al¬doh-STER-ohn-izm) | abnormality of electrolyte balance caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone |
| chemical thyroidectomy (thigh-roi-DECK- roh-mee) | administration of radioactive iodine to destroy thyroid cells; radioactive iodine therapy |
| cretinism (CREE-tin-izm) | congenital lack of thyroid secretion |
| Cushing's syndrome (KUSH-ingz SIN-drohm) | caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol |
| diabetes insipidus (dye-ah-BEE-teez in-SIP-ih-dus) | insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond appropriately to this hormone |
| diabetes mellitus (dye-ah-BEE-teez mel-EYE-¬tus or MEL-ih-tus) | group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both |
| diabetic ketoacidosis (kee-toh-ass-ih-DOH-sis) | One of the most serious complications of hyperglycemia. Caused by drawing fluid out of the cell into circulation, excreted by kidneys. Results in Polyuria, dehydration & electrolyte imbalance. This increases fat metabolism and ketones, resulting in metabolic acidosis. |
| diabetic retinopathy (ret-ih-NOP-ah-thee) | DR; complication of diabetics that causes damage to the retina of the eye |
| electrolytes (ee-LECK-troh-lytes) | are mineral substances, such as sodium and potassium, that are normally found in the blood. |
| endocrinopathy (en-doh-krih-NOP-ah-thee) | any disease due to a disorder of the endocrine system |
| epinephrine (ep-ih-NEF-rin) | adrenaline; stimulate the sympathetic nervous system |
| estrogen (ES-troh-jen) | important in the development and maintenance of the female secondary sex characteristics and regulation of the menstrual cycle |
| exophthalmos (eck-sof-THAL-mos) | abnormal protrusion of the eyes |
| fructosamine test (fruck- TOHS-ah-meen) | measures average glucose levels over the past 3 weeks and is used to detect changes rapidly |
| gestational diabetes mellitus (jes- TAY-shun- al- dye-ah-BEE-teez mel-EYE-tus or MEL-ih-¬tus) | GDM; form of diabetes that occurs during some pregnancies |
| gigantism (jigh-GAN-tiz-em or JIGH-en-tiz-¬em) | abnormal overgrowth of the body caused by excessive secretion of the growth hormone before puberty |
| glucagon (GLOO-kah-gon) | produced by the alpha cells of the islets, secreted in response to low blood sugar |
| glycohemoglobin (glye-koh-hee-moh-GLOH-¬bin) | HGb; forms when glucose in the blood attaches to the hemoglobin |
| goiter (GOI-ter) | thyromegaly; abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that produces a swelling in the front part of the neck |
| gonadotropic hormone (gon-ah-doh- TROHP-ick) | any hormone that stimulates the gonads |
| Graves' disease (GRAYVZ dih-ZEEZ) | autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism, goiter, and exopthalmos |
| growth hormone (GH) | regulates the growth of bone, muscle, and other body tissues |
| gynecomastia (guy-neh-koh-MAS-tee-ah) | condition of excessive mammary development in the male |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis (hah-shee-MOH-tohz thigh-roi-DYE-tis) | autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid tissue, setting up an inflammatory process that may progressively destroy the gland |
| hypercalcemia (high-per-kal-SEE-mee-ah) | characterized by abnormally high concentrations of calcium circulating in the blood instead of being stored in the bones |
| hypercrinism (high-per-KRY-nism) | condition caused by excessive secretion of any gland especially an endocrine gland |
| hyperglycemia (high-per-glye-SEE-mee-ah) | abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood |
| hypergonadism (high-per-GOH-nad-izm) | condition of excessive secretion of hormones by the sex glands |
| hyperinsulinism (high-per-IN-suh-lin-izm) | condition marked by excessive secretion of insulin that produces hypoglycemia |
| hyperparathyroidism (high-per-par-ah-THIGH-roid-izm) | HP; overproduction of PTH |
| hyperpituitarism (high-per-pih-TOO-ih-tah-rizm) | pathology that results in the excessive secretion by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| hyperthyroidism (high-per- THIGH-roid-izm) | condition of excessive thyroid hormones in the blood |
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