| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Mendel | Father of Genetics. |
| Genetics | the study of heredity |
| Dominant | Always fully expressed when present |
| Recessive | Expressed only when dominant allele isn't present |
| Phenotype | Recognizable characteristic determined by genotype |
| Genotype | an organism's genetic makeup, or allele combination |
| Homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a trait. |
| Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a trait. |
| Polygenic inheritance | when several genes act together to produce a specific trait |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid, double helix genetic material |
| RNA | single stranded nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins |
| Nucleotide | subunits of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. |
| Codon | A group of three bases in an mRNA molecule that specifies a particular amino acid. |
| Mutation | a change in DNA sequence that affects genetic information |
| Exon | sequence of nucleoclides on a gene that gets transcribed and translated |
| Intron | a segment of a structural gene that is transcribed but not translated |
| Gene Expression | the transcription and translation of genes into proteins |
| Genetic Code | same in all organisms |
| Apoptosis | programmed cell death |
| Cancer | An uncontrolled growth of cells. |
| Microevolution | changes have occurred in a population's allele frequencies |
| Macroevolution | large scale evolutionary patterns and processes that occur over long periods of time |
| Species | A classificatory group of animals or plants subordinate to a genus. |
| Speciation | the evolution of a biological species |
| Taxonomy | practice of classifying plants and animals according to their presumed natural relationships |
| Linnean system | Kingdom-Phylum-class-order-family-genus-species |
| Cladistics | taxonomic theory distinguishing by common ancestor |
| Cartilage | connective tissue |
| Appendicular Skeleton | the appendages. |
| Axial Skeleton | the part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs |
| Tendon | a strong connective tissue that attatches muscle to a bone |
| Joint | any place where two or more bones meet |
| Stem Cell | A cell that can divide repeatedly and can differentiate into specialized cell types. |
| extensor | muscle that straightens a joint |
| Flexor | a skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint |
| Bone Layers | periosteum, compact bone, spongy bone, bone marrow |
| Insertion | The point of atachment of a muscle to the part that it moves |
| Origin | where a muscle attatches at a join that doesn't move when the muscle contracts |
| Keratin | what hair and nails are made of |
| Aerobic | Presence of oxygen |
| Anaerobic | process that does not not require oxygen |
Combine with other sets
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