Zoology Ch 2 Test
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kaylaorr09 on February 13, 2012
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First half of the chapter
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47 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Describe 5 levels of organization found in organisms. | __Unicellular: single-celled organisms____ Cellular: colonial (some protists) or multicellular animals with no tissues___ __Tissue: have tissues, which are similar cells grouped together for a common function__ __Organ: have organs (of two or more tissues)with a specific function_ __Organ system: have organs that work together for a common function |
| Name 4 major types of tissues | epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous |
| Describe epithelial tissue | covers an internal or external surface |
| Describe connective tissue: | for binding and support. Cells are (usually) surrounded by a matrix |
| Name 5 different types of connective tissues | loose, dense, blood, bone, cartilage_ |
| The function of muscular tissue is | contraction_ |
| The function of nervous tissue is | receiving stimuli; sending impulses_ |
| Name and describe three body plans found in animals related to their symmetry: | _Spherical: Like a ball___ __Radial: round in plane (like a wheel) __Bilateral: having a head, tail end, left and right |
| Describe 3 different types of body plans found in the bilaterally symmetrical animals as to body cavities: | Acoelomates: no cavity surrounding the gut_____ Pseudocoelomates: a body cavity surrounds the gut,but lacks a peritoneum of mesodermal origin (body cavity is "between" endoderm and mesoderm) ____ Eucoelomates: have a "true" body cavity lined with mesodermal peritoneum__ |
| 10. Name 2 types of coelom formation in the eucoelomates, and describe the differences in these groups. | Schizocoelous : the coelom develops as the early mesoderm splits__ Enterocoelous: the coelom develops from outpocketings of the archenteron___ |
| 1. Name the taxa of our hierarchical system of classification in order, from most inclusive to least inclusive. | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species___ |
| Define taxonomy: | he naming and classification of organisms__ |
| What is a cladogram? | A diagram that shows the pattern of sharing of evolutionarily derived characters among species or higher taxa___ |
| Define cladistics | System of taxonomy that utilizes cladograms |
| In cladistics, all taxa are | monophyletic |
| Animal-like protists are called | protozoa |
| Describe the protozoan body plan: | most: unicellular; some colonial; some with multicellular stages |
| Protozoans have highly specialized __organelles____, but they do not have __tissues, organs or germ layers. __ (related to level of organization). | Organelles Tissues, organs or germ layers |
| Protozoans do /do not (circle one) have a cell wall. | DO NOT |
| What do protozoans have in common as to motility? | most are motile |
| How do most protozoans obtain their nutrition? | heterotrophs by ingestion |
| Some are also _autotrophic___ or _saprozoic___. | autotrophic or saprozoic |
| How do all protozoans reproduce? | asexually by mitosis |
| There is sexual reproduction in no / some / all protozoans. | SOME |
| Lifestyles present in the protozoa are | _free-living, mutualism, commensalisms, parasitism___ |
| Give characteristics you learned for each of the following protozoa: | ... |
| Giardia | ntestinal parasite; causes diarrhea. Has flagella.___ |
| Trichonympha | Termite symbiont with flagella. |
| Volvox | Photosynthetic, with chloroplasts. Sphere-shaped colony._ |
| Chlamydomonas | Photosynthetic, with chloroplasts. Has flagella.__ |
| Euglena | Photosynthetic autotroph in the light, with chloroplasts. Heterotroph in the dark. Has flagella._ |
| Trypanosoma | Causes African Sleeping Sickness, carried by the Tse Tse fly. Has flagellum___ |
| Plasmodium | An endoparasite that causes malaria, carried by mosquitoes. Not motile, except for the male gamete. Apical complex helps to penetrate host cell |
| Paramecium | Moves with cilia. Is multinucleate. Reproduces asexually by binary fission. Conjugation allows fro exchange of genetic info. |
| Dinoflagellates | Have 2 perpindicular flagella. Half are photosynthetic. Include red tide-causing organism and coral symbionts._ |
| Amoeba | Moves and gets food with pseudopodia |
| Foraminiferans | Have calcium carbonate shells. Move with pseudopodia. |
| Actinopodans | Have axopodia- slender pseudopodia supported by microtubules._ |
| Protozoa in the phylum _Apicomplexa__ are all endoparasites. An example is _Plasmodium_____, which causes malaria. | Protozoa in the phylum _Apicomplexa__ are all endoparasites. An example is _Plasmodium_____, which causes malaria. |
| Sexual reproduction of Plasmodium takes place in the | mosquito |
| Protozoa that bear cilia are called An example is: | Ciliates__ EXAMPLE: _Paramecium__ |
| In Paramecium, genetic material is exchanged in the process called | _Conjugation__ |
| Paramecium reproduces asexually by a process called | binary fission__ |
| Protozoa in the phylum __Dinoflagellata___ have two perpendicular flagella. Examples: __Red tide organisms; coral symbionts__ | Protozoa in the phylum __Dinoflagellata___ have two perpendicular flagella. Examples: __Red tide organisms; coral symbionts__ |
| An informal name for protozoa that move and eat with pseudopodia is | __Amoeba__ |
| Amebas with calcium carbonate shells are called | Foraminifera_ |
| Amebas with axopodia are | Actinopodans_ |
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