| Term | Definition |
|---|
| force equation | mass x acceleration |
| force of gravity equation | (-10m/s2) x (mass) |
| work equation | distance x force |
| mechanical advantage of all machines (actual) | force output/force input |
| percent efficiency | work output/work input x 100 |
| percent difference | MA (theoretical) - MA (actual) /MA (theoretical) x100 |
| mechanical advantage of a pulley | number of load bearing ropes |
| equation for torque | force x distance |
| mechanical advantage for all machines (ideal) | input distance/output distance |
| mechanical advantage of wheel and axel | radius of wheel/radius of axel |
| force | a push or a pull on an object |
| gravity | force that pulls object with mass toward the earth |
| mass | amount of matter in an object (never changes) |
| netwton | measures force |
| contact force | force that happens when two objects touch |
| non-contact force | force that happens when object is not touched |
| acceleration | how speed is increasing |
| weight | downward force due to gravity |
| work | when a force moves an object |
| input | what you put into a machine |
| output | what the machine does for you |
| inclined plane | ramp |
| conservation of energy | energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed |
| mechanical advantage | factor by which the machine makes work easier |
| percent efficiency | how well the machine converts input work to output work |
| machine | a tool that makes work easier |
| wedge | tool used for splitting in half |
| screw | tool that converts rotation to linear motion |
| input force | force you apply to a machine |
| output force | what the machine does for you |
| linear motion | motion in a straight line |
| thread | mini ramp wrapped around a cylinder |
| first class lever | fulcrum is in the middle |
| second class lever | output force is in the middle |
| third class lever | input force is in the middle |
| fulcrum | point where lever rotates or pivots |
| load | output force |
| effort | input force |
| lever | a machine hat utilizes a fulcrum to amplify or lower force over a distance |
| pulley | use ropes and at least one fixed object to move a load |
| fixed pulley | stationary pulley |
| moveable pulley | can change position |
| block and tackle pulley | one fixed and one moveable |
| mass | physical property of matter that does not change when gravity changes |
| weight | force of gravity an object experienced that changes when gravity changes |
| SI unit of work | joules |
| electron | negative charge |
| proton | positive charge |
| neutron | neutral charge |
| static electricity | buildup of charges on an object |
| triboelectric series | a list in which materials that are likely to give up electrons are on the top to materials that are likely to gain electrons |
| electroscope | can tell if an object is carrying a charge or not |
| insulators | electrons cannot transfer easily (polarization) |
| conductors | electrons can transfer easily (separation of charge) |
| static discharge | charges that build up as static electricity on an object, electrons tend to move returning the object to its neutral condition |
| static electricity | buildup of charges on an object |
| potential energy | stored energy |
| kinetic energy | movement of energy |
| electrode | metal part of an electrochemical cell which gains or loses electrons |
| voltage source | makes charge move around a circuit |
| load | transforms electrical energy into light |
| switch | used to open and close the circuit |
| electric current | continuous flow of electric charges throughout a material |
| power | rate at which one form of energy is transformed into another |
| equation for power | voltage x current |
Combine with other sets
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