Chapter 22 Gas Exchange
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Created by:
s10lrosson on June 3, 2009
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Gas Exchange
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 3 Steps of Gas Exchange | Breathing, Transport of gasses, and body cells take o2 out of blood and replace it with co2 |
| How O2 dissolves in the capilaries in the lung | 1. O2 dissolves in blood plasma 2. O2 diffuses through membrane of RBC 3. Attaches to the iron in Hemoglobin |
| path of O2 | Pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, capilaries in lung, Venules, pulmonary veins, left atrium/ventricle, aorta, arterioles, capilaries |
| How O2 dissolves in regular capilaries | 1. O2 arrives on hb in RBC 2. Diffuses in blood plasma 3. Goes through capilary wall |
| Gills | constantly moist so efficient; Absorb dissolved O2 from surrounding water |
| Tracheal System | INSECTS; system of branching tubes, smallest branches give O2 to somatic cells; NO CIRCULATORY SYSTEM! |
| Tidal Volume | Normal Breath 500ml |
| Vital Capacity | Max volume we are able to inhale 5L |
| Residual Volume | Aire we cant exhale (Always in lungs to keep alveoli inflated) |
| Total Lung Capacity | Total aire we can fit into lungs 6L (TLC=RV+Vital Capacity) |
| Tobacco Smoke | Inhibits and destroys cilia; kills defensive macrophages; Irritates cells linning the bronchi |
| Breathing Muscles | Inhalation- Diaphragm and rib muscles contract during inhalation (diaphragm lowers and ribs expand) |
| Medulla Oblongata | Primary breathing control center |
| Chemoreceptor | Secondary breathing control center; monitors the O2 and CO2 levels and signals the brain to increase respiratory rate when CO2 is high |
| Respiratory Rate | High CO2=faster and deeper breathing and low PH |
| Hemoglobin | Carries O2, helps transport co2 to prevent changes in blood PH and buffers the blood |
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