chapter 4 words
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Created by:
jonathanezell on February 14, 2012
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Description:
matter and energy
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 element | a pure substance that cannot be broken down |
| atom | the smallest particle of an atom |
| compound | a substance that contains two or more elements |
| molecule | a group of two or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds |
| pure substance | matter that cannot be separated into other types of matter by physical means. Includes all elements and compounds. |
| mixture | matter that contains a combination of different elements or compounds and can be separated by physical means. |
| homogeneous mixture | a mixture that is the same throughout. All samples of a homogeneous mixture are the same. |
| heterogeneous mixture | a mixture in which different samples are not necessarily made up of the same proportions of matter. |
| ferenhiet | a temperature scale in which water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees. |
| Celsius | a temperature scale in which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees. |
| thermal energy | energy due to temperature |
| temperature | a quantity that measures the kinetic energy per molecule due to random motion. |
| thermometer | a tool the measures temperature |
| absolute zero | lowest possible temperature, at which thermal energy is as close to zero as it can be, approximately -273°C. |
| kelvin | a temperature scale that starts at absolute zero and has units the same as Celsius degree |
| solid | a phase of matter that holds its shape and does not flow. |
| liquid | a phase of matter that holds its volume, does not hold its shape, and flows. |
| gas | a phase of matter that flows, does not hold its volume, and can expand or contract to fill a container. |
| intermolecular forces | forces between atoms or molecules in a substance that determine the phase of matter. |
| melting point | the temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid (melting) or liquid to solid (freezing). |
| boiling point | the temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas (boiling) or from gas to liquid (condensation). |
| plasma | a phase of matter in which the matter is heated to such a high temperature that some of the atoms begin to break apart. |
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