Sets (25) Classes (0)

Heavy Metals definitions

# Definition Sets
1 metallic elements with a high density that are toxic to organisms at low concentrations 115 sets
2 mercury, lead, cadmium and nickel-highly toxic in very small quantities; can be fatal and bioaccumulate in environment-have cumulative effects in humans. 21 sets
3 examples causing water pollution are lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic 19 sets
4 bioaccumulate in animal tissues 11 sets
5 irreversibly bind with many enzymes 11 sets
6 water soluble forms of certain metals (lead, mercury) which are harmful at low levels, and they stay in the fatty tissue of animals 10 sets
7 often deposited with natural sediments at bottom of stream channels 10 sets
8 dimercaprol/penicillamine 9 sets
9 metallic elements with a high density that are toxic to organisms at low concentrations. 8 sets
10 denature proteins 8 sets
11 metals with relatively high atomic weight 7 sets
12 mineral ions such as mercury and lead, so called because they are of relatively high atomic weight. many heavy metals are poisonous. 7 sets
13 chapter 15: metals with relatively high atomic weight. pose health hazards to people and ecosystems include mercury, lead, cadmium, nickel, gold, platinum, silver, bismuth, arsenic, selenium, vanadium, chromium, and thallium. [myk] 7 sets
14 refers to a number of metals, including lead, mercury, arsenic, and silver; have a relativelly high atomic number and are often toxic even at relatively low concentrations [e°, bk] 7 sets
15 silver, mercury, copper. mechanisms of action- combines with sulfhydryl groups of proteins to denature proteins 6 sets
16 kill nerve cells 6 sets
17 dangerous pollutants; include lead, nickel, cadmium, mercury 5 sets
18 high density, metallic elements that are toxic even at low concentrations. 5 sets
19 mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel, copper, zinc 5 sets
20 metallic elements with a high density that are toxic to organisms at low concentrations (e. lead, and mercury) 5 sets
21 interfere with microbial metabolism 5 sets
22 lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic 5 sets
23 they are often toxic at relatively low concentrations, causes enviro problems. (high atomic #). ex: mercury, arsenic, silver, lead 4 sets
24 silver nitrate, mercurochrome 4 sets
25 oligodynamic action: small concentration, big effect. high affinity of proteins and metallic ions. the ions accumulate within the cell and bind to essential proteins and the proteins precipitate out. 4 sets
26 -interfere with s groups in proteins -toxic, less effective -1% solution agno3- ophthalmic gonorrhoea -silver sulfadiazine - treats burns -cuso4 - algicide 4 sets
27 mercury, lead 4 sets
28 are located in the central portion of the table 4 sets
29 silver, copper, zinc. believed to act by combining with cellular proteins. 4 sets
30 mercury, copper, silver 4 sets
31 toxic metals such as lead, mercury, copper, or cadmium 3 sets
32 -silver,mercury, and copper -oligodynamic action-very small amounts have an antimicrobial affect -silver nitrate- eye drops for newborns in cases where mother has gonorrhea 3 sets
33 - heavy metals used as cofactors in some enzymatic processes - a proper balance of heavy metals must be maintained in the body * too little and enzymes can not perform function * too much --> toxic - transport and storage proteins control balance of heavy metals - mutations in genes that code for these proteins result in imbalance of heavy metals 3 sets
34 gold, silver, mercury, and copper target proteins 3 sets
35 when metal ions combine with -sh groups in cellular proteins denaturation occurs silver and copper 3 sets
36 mercury and lead 3 sets
37 kills vegetative cells by binding to proteins. (halts metabolism) 3 sets
38 refers to a number of metals that have a relatively high atomic number, often toxic at low concentrations 3 sets
39 water-soluble forms of certain metals *house-hold plumbing *cause illness 3 sets
40 lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and household chemicals 3 sets
41 arsenic, silver, mercury, copper and zinc 2 sets
42 chemical(s) used in sterilization that bind(s) to sulfhydryl groups, blocking enzyme activity 2 sets
43 arsenic, cercury, lead and iron, toxic effect 2 sets
44 chemical methods of sterilization that act by blocking enzyme activity 2 sets
45 are metals with high atomic masses (and densities). they are normally toxic to humans. examples are mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium and arsenic. 2 sets
46 displace proper minerals- lead and mercury are very toxic especially for growing child 2 sets
47 damage proteins but have a variable effect 2 sets
48 chelators 2 sets
49 silver, mercury, copper, gold, arsenic • only mercury and silver have germicidal significance • mechanism of action: ions combine with sulfhydril groups - protein denaturation • 1% silver nitrate - antispetic • copper sulfate - controls algal growth can be toxic to humans 2 sets
50 heavy-metal ions denature proteins low-level bacteriostatic and fungistatic agents 1% silver nitrate to prevent blindness caused by n. gonorrhoeae thimerosal used to preserve vaccines copper controls algal growth 2 sets
51 oligodynamic-work fast in trace amounts 2 sets
52 silver nitrate silver sulfadiazine binds to enzymes that contain thiols 2 sets
53 harm through bioaccumulation 2 sets
54 metallic elements with a high density that are toxic to organisms at low concentration 2 sets
55 lead, chromium, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, tin, and copper 2 sets
56 effective control strategy but usually toxic. they combine with and inactivate proteins. eg. ions of mercury, silver, arsenic, zinc, and copper 2 sets
57 mercury, silver, and copper. toxic bc they bind to sulfhydryl groups of proteins. copper sulfate is an algicide. silver nitrate is infant eyes 2 sets
58 very reactive with proteins, disrupting enzymes 2 sets
59 - mode of action: disrupts cellular proteins and dna synthesis - silver, copper 2 sets
60 most populations of bacteria cannot grow close to ___ ____ because the bacteria cannot adapt to it quickly. 2 sets
61 metal elements with large atomic mass; components of many toxic substances 2 sets
62 metallic elements with a high density that are toxic to orgnaisms at low concentrations; they do not degrade and cannot be destroyed 2 sets
63 - displace vitamins and minerals from enzymes - results in inactivation of enzyme 2 sets
64 chemical control denaturation of enzymes silver nitrate, silver sulfadiazine used as a topical cream on burns 2 sets
65 arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury 2 sets
66 not used much anymore, zinc still used in some antibiotic surface treatments. 2 sets
67 one of the three categories of toxic waste that includes uranium, plutonium, lead, and mercury. these waste are a problem because they never stop being toxic and because they cannot be destroyed. 2 sets
68 (ag, hg, cu, zn) most too toxic for medical use; silver sulfadiazine used in topical dressings to prevent infections of burns 2 sets
69 metals which have no known vital or beneficial effect on organisms; their accumulation over in the bodies of mammals can cause serious illness 2 sets
70 ag, cu, hg, zn, pb 2 sets
71 toxic chemicals which come from mining, industry, & landfills (e.g. lead, mercury, and arsenic) 2 sets
72 -solutions of silver and mercury kill vegetative cells in low concentrations by inactivating proteins -low level -merthiolate, silver nitrate, silver 2 sets
73 examples are copper and zinc that are added to hog feed to stimulate rapid growth of animals - unfortunately - much of it ends up in waste and over time these metals accumulate in fields and make them toxic to plant growth 2 sets
74 ...various forms of metalic elements mercury, silver, gold, copper, arsenic and zinc have been used for centuries. called heavy metals because of their relatively high atomic weight. only preparations containing mercury and silver still have any significance as germicides. 2 sets
75 do not degrade and they cannot be destroyed. ex.) mercury (hg), lead (pb) and cadmium (cd) 2 sets
76 h20 forms certain metals *house hold plumbing *cause illness 2 sets
77 oligodynamic action; silver and mercury kill vegetative cells 2 sets
78 used in previous years but are pushed aside for less toxic methods 2 sets
79 denatures enzymes and other proteins, silver nitrate, mercuochrome, copper sulfate 2 sets
80 dimercaprol 2 sets
81 metals with high atomic weight 2 sets
82 are stored in fatty body tissue (ex: arsenic, cadmium, and lead) 2 sets
83 chelating agents 2 sets
84 solutions of silver and mercury kill vegetative cells in low concentrations by inactivating proteins 2 sets
85 metals w/ toxic affects. ex= lead and mercury 2 sets
86 -high atomic weight element -ag, hg, cu, zn -damage proteins -variable effect 2 sets
87 dimercaprol/ penicillamine 2 sets
88 are metallic elements with a high density that are toxic to organisms at low concentrations 2 sets
89 - tendency to accumulate in select tissues - toxic in even low concentrations 2 sets
90 a group of antimicrobial agents that include mercury, silver, arsenic, zinc, copper. works by inactivating proteins by the sulfhydryl groups and precipitating cell proteins. very commonly used in the past but now we use less toxic alternatives. 2 sets
91 metallic elements with high atomic weights; (e.g. mercury, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, and lead); can damage living things at low concentrations and tend to accumulate in the food chain. 2 sets
92 dangerous pollutants, lead nickel mercury etc. accumulate in bottom sediments in aquatic systems--can stay indefinitely and no problem if left undisturbed but harsh weather, dredging, construction, even poll cleanup can release them 2 sets
93 heavy metals are metallic elements with a high density that are toxic to organisms at low concentrations. within the biosphere, they do not degrade and cannot be destroyed. 2 sets
94 used as a disinfectant; silver, mercury, copper, and zinc; used in germicides; oligodynamic action does not take much, when combined with sulfhydryl (-sh) goups proteins are denatured 2 sets
95 protein denaturation 2 sets
96 silver nitrate is the best, toxic at small concentrations with multiple targets 2 sets
97 are metalic elements with a high density that are toxic to organisms at low concentrations. 2 sets
98 low-level bacteriostatic and fungistatic agents that denature proteins. 2 sets