Sets (26)
Classes (0)
Properties Viruses definitions
| # | Definition | Sets |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1. transient and labile 2. replicate in cytoplasm (except orthomyxo) 3. can not replicate rna. rna viruses encode rna dp rna pol. 4. prone to mutation 5. can be negative, positive or double stranded. 6. all (-) rna is enveloped and carry rna dp rna polymerase. | 2 sets |
| 2 | they are not cells obligate intracellular (need to be in a live cell) small(20-450 nm) active only inside cells simple structure (capside& nucleic acid) -nucleic acid (dna or rna, never both) -single (ss)or double (ds)strand surface molecules are specific for attachment lack enzymes and machinery for protein synthesis multiply by taking control of the host cell. | 2 sets |
| 3 | -kind of composed of cells -somewhat complex and ordered -somewhat respond to environment -can't autonomously grow and reproduce -obtain and use energy -somewhat maintain internal balance -allow for evolutionary adaptation | 2 sets |
| 4 | - must stay wet to retain infectivity - less likely to survive on fomites - do not have to kill the cell to spread, b/c they can bud, or also cause cell lysis | 2 sets |
| 5 | 1. obligate intracellular parasites of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, plants and animals. 2. ultramicroscopic size, ranging from 20 nm up 450 nm 3. not cellular in nature; structure is very compact and economical 4. do not independently fulfill the characteristics of life. 5. inactive macromolecules outside the host cell and active only inside the host cell. 6. basic structure consists of protein shell (capsid) surrounding nucleic acid core. 7. nucleic acid can be either dna or rna but not both. 8. nucleic acid can be double-stranded dna, single stranded dna, single stranded rna or double stranded rna 9. molecules on virus surface impart high specifically for attachment to host cell. 10. multiply by taking control of host cell's genetic material and regulating the synthesis and assembly of new viruses. 11.lack enzymes for most metabolic processes. 12. lack machinery fro synthesizing proteins. | 1 set |
| 6 | *universal/bac, proto, fungi, algae, plants, & animals *smallest infectious agent *not a cell (no characteristics of life) *inactive "outside" a host *active "inside" a host | 1 set |
| 7 | a. must stay wet to retain infectivity b. tend to be acid labile c. infectivity is destroyed by organic solvents d. need not kill infected cells to spread (some) e. some can induce fusion of the plasma membranes of adjacent cells | 1 set |
| 8 | -acellular, nonliving, obligate intracellular parasites -inactive "partivles" outside of host -extremely small (20-200nm) -simple structure ~ protein, nucleic acid (dna or rna) sometimes envelope -molecules on virus surface -limited genome -genes for replication -lack genes for metabolic process | 1 set |
| 9 | * are obligate intercellular parasites of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, plants and animals * are ubiquitous in nature and have had major impact on development of biological life * are ultramicroscopic in size, ranging from 20 nm up to 450 nm * are not cells; structure is very compact and economical * do not independently fulfill the characteristics of life * are inactive macromolecules outside the host cell and active only inside of a host cell * basic structure consists of protein shell (capsid) surrounding nucleic acid core * nucleic acid can be double-stranded dna, single-stranded dna, double-stranded rna or single-stranded rna * molecules on virus surface impart high specificity for attachement to host cell * multiply by taking control of host cell's genetic material and regulating the synthesis and assembly of new viruses * lack enzymes for most metabolic processes * lack machinery for synthesizing protein | 1 set |
| 10 | - infectious agents that are ultramicroscopic (20nm-450nm in size) - not cells - no nucleus, no organelles, no cytoplasm - not living - require a host cell | 1 set |
| 11 | 1. filterable bc very small 2. either dna or rna not both 3. obligate intracell parasite- req. host to make nrg/protein 4.naked or enveloped 5. self-assembled not via division 6. not living 7. rna can be double stranded, or ambisense, or segmented | 1 set |
| 12 | submicroscopic, obligate intracellular parasites, particles produced from assembly of pre-formed components. do not undergo division. no genetic information. no ribosomes | 1 set |
| 13 | caspids, nucleocaspids, some have an envelope, capsomers | 1 set |
| 14 | all viruses have same general structure; genetic material(dna or rna); surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes an outer membrane; most are smaller than bacteria(less than 200 nm) likewise are the genomes (5-200 genes) | 1 set |
| 15 | lack recognizable cellular structures: acellular, no growth(increase in size), no replication, no energy generation, no direct protein synthesis, small 30-200nm | 1 set |
| 16 | non-cellular protein coat surrounding nucleic acid dna or rna double or single stranded linear or circular stand of dna/rna with 4 to 100s of genes | 1 set |
| 17 | obligate intracellular parasites made of nucleic acids surrounded by protein coat; only replicate inside host; no nucleus, organelles, or cytoplasm | 1 set |
| 18 | non cellular, no nucleus,contain dna or rna, protein coated capsule | 1 set |
| 19 | -rna is labile and transient -most replicate in the cytoplasm -cells cannot rep. rna - must encode an rna-dep. rna polymerase -rna viruses (except + ra) must carry polymerases -prone to mutation -segmented genomes can recombine through reassortment -nonsegmented recombine by copy choice *has 5' from one virus and 3' from another | 1 set |
| 20 | ultramicroscopic, structure is very compact and economical, do not independently fulfill the characteristics of life, inactive outside host, multiply by taking control of the host cell's genetic material, lack enzymes for most metabolic processes, and lack machinery for synthesizing proteins | 1 set |
| 21 | gram positive, gram negative | 1 set |
| 22 | submicroscopic obligate parasites need host cellular machinery to reproduce can target animal, plant, bact. cell types | 1 set |
| 23 | -virion: a complete virus particle -consists of >or= 1 molecule of dna or rna enclosed on protein coat (nucleocapsid) -can have projecting spikes and additional layers -10-400um diameter -cannot reproduce independently outside of living cells | 1 set |
| 24 | 1. intact virions are infectious 2. intact virion is inert = dead 3. virus can only replicate when disassembled = live 4. any process not provided by cell must be encoded in virus genome | 1 set |
| 25 | - filterable agents - obligate intracellular parasites - cannot make energy or proteins independent of a host cell - components are assembled and do not replicate by "division" - genomes may be dna or rna, not both - have a naked capsid or envelope morphology | 1 set |
| 26 | viriod = complete virus particle >= 1 molecule dna or rna enclosed in coat of protein (i.e nucleocapsid) may have additional layers/spikes 10-400 nm in diameter cannot reproduce independently | 1 set |
| 27 | basic structures consist of protein shell (capsid) surrounding nucleic acid core nucleic acid can be either dna or rna but not both. lack machinery for synthesizing proteins. | 1 set |
| 28 | they are not cells obligate intracellular (need to be in a live cell) small(20-450 nm) active only inside cells simple structure (capside& nucleic acid) -nucleic acid (dna or rna, never both) -single (ss)or double (ds)strand surface molecules are specific for attachment lack enzymes and machinery for protein synthesis multiply by taking control of the host cell. | 1 set |
| 29 | very small, infectious agents -can infect animals, plants, and even other microorganisms* -reproduce at a very high rate, only in living cells -can mutate -acellular -no metabolism* -must replicate using host cell metabolic machinery* -possess either rna or dna (not both!)* | 1 set |
| 30 | 1.) use host machinery 2.) rna splicing to generate multiple proteins 3.) can potentially cause tumors 4.) cause mild disease | 1 set |
| 31 | living organisms: - are composed of cells: kind of - are complex and ordered: somewhat - respond to their environment: somewhat - can grow and reproduce: not autonomously - obtain and use energy: yes - maintain internal balance: somewhat - allow for evolutionary adaptation: yes | 1 set |
| 32 | animal dna viruses are grouped into families according to their dna organization | 1 set |
| 33 | a. "infectious particles" - "active or inactive." b. obligate intracellular parasites c. structure - protein shell (capsid) surrounding nucleic acid core. d.various sizes, all smaller than cell | 1 set |
| 34 | infectious, intracellular rna or dna genome (not both) most have a protein coat may have broad or narrow host range replication involves breaking apart of virus particles and reassembly use host factors to complete replication cycle promote propagation of their own kind evolve in response to selection pressure | 1 set |
| 35 | rna is labile and transient, most replicate in cytoplasm (hiv and flu rep in nucleus), must encode rna-dependent rna polymerase, prone to mutation, structure and polarity determine mechanism of transcription and replication | 1 set |
| 36 | <300 nm, visible by em, filterable, cultivated on living host cells, no enzymes for energy metabolism, complex replication, no antibiotic susceptibility, dna or rna | 1 set |
| 37 | must interact w/ host transcriptional machinery (except pox viruses), transcription temporally regulated (early genes encode dna binding proteins, late genes encode structural proteins), dna poly requires primer, larger virus has more control over rep | 1 set |
| 38 | are obligate intracellular parasites of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, plants, and animals | 1 set |
| 39 | do not independently fulfill the characteristics of life | 1 set |
| 40 | are ultramicroscopic in size, ranging from 20 nm up to 450 nm (diameter) | 1 set |
| 41 | 1. humans are the sole reservoir 2. transmission: respiratory route 3. all preventable by the use of live attenuated vaccines 4. distribution is world-wide, with a high incidence of infection in susceptible individuals | 1 set |
| 42 | small 20-200 nm obligate intracellular parasites genome of rna or dna capsid, protein shell with 3 types of symmetry may or may not have envelope which is lipid bilayer from cell mem, may have peplomers on envelope particle with highly organized complex structure some have enzymes: some in the particle, some encode, some steal from the cell replicate using cell machinery (organelles, energy, enzyme sys, precursors, lipid envelope) | 1 set |
| 43 | linear, circular; capsid shape; envelope or not to catergorize | 1 set |
| 44 | contain either one + sense rna, one - sense rna, 2+ or 2-, or may be segmented molecules | 1 set |
| 45 | -they are not cells, no nuclei, mitochondria,etc - dont grow, they replicate or multiply within a host | 1 set |
| 46 | a. "infectious particles" - "active or inactive." b. obligate intracellular parasites c. structure - protein shell (capsid) surrounding nucleic acid core. d.various sizes, all smaller than cell | 1 set |
| 47 | posess either dna or rna unable to replicate on their own do not divide by binary fission, mitosis, or meiosis lack genes and enzymes necessary for energy production depend on ribosomes, enzymes, and metabolites (building blocks) of host cell for protein and nucleic acid production | 1 set |
| 48 | nucleic acid can be either dna or rna but not both | 1 set |
| 49 | 1. intracelluar parasite 2. host specific 3. size 4. genome: dna or rna (not both at the same time; double stranded or single stranded) 5. viral structure 6. morphology/shape: due to capsid | 1 set |
| 50 | 1. 20-300 nm 2. rna or dna (not both) 3. all are obligate intracellular parasite 4. viruses are also called virions 5. they take over host cell and use cell protein and nucleic acid synthesizing machinery for its own growth. | 1 set |
| 51 | dsdna separated based on 1) shape of dna 2)capsid shape 3)presence or absence of an envelope | 1 set |
| 52 | environmentally stale to temperature acid protease detergents drying | 1 set |
| 53 | obligate intracellular parasites (bacteria, protozoa, fungi,algae, plants and animals. basic structure consists of protein shell (caspid) surrounding nucleic acid core. nucleic acid can be either dna or rna but not both. nucleic acid can be double-stranded dna, single-stranded dna molecules on virus surface impart high specificity for attachment to host cell. multiply by taking control of host cell's genetic material and regulating the synthesis and assembly of new viruses. lack enzymes for most metabolic processes. lack machinery for synthesizing proteins. ultramicroscopic size, ranging from 20nm up to 450nm in diameter not cellular in nature (no nucleui) ; structure very compact and economical (have to have host cell) do not independently fulfill the characteristics of life inactive macromolecules outside the host cell and active only inside host cells | 1 set |
| 54 | -very small, infectious agents -can infect animals, plants, and even other microorganisms* -reproduce at a very high rate, only in living cells -can mutate -acellular -no metabolism* -must replicate using host cell metabolic machinery* -possess either rna or dna (not both!)* | 1 set |
| 55 | animal dna viruses are grouped into families according to their dna organization dsdna viruses are further seperated into families on the basis of: 1. shape of dna (linear or circular) 2. their capsid shape 3. presence or absence of an envelope only one family of virus has ssdna | 1 set |
| 56 | ssrna viruses contain + sense rna and during an infection act likes mrna and can be translated by host's ribosomes other ssrna viruses have - sense rna and the rna acts a template during transcription to make a complementary + sense mrna (this new strand is translated by host ribosome) - sense rna must carry rna polymerase within the virion | 1 set |
| 57 | rna is labile and transient most rna viruses relicate in the cytoplasm cells cannot replicate rna. rna viruses must encode an rna-dependent rna polymerase rna viruses, except + rna genome, must carry polymerases rna viruses are prone to mutation | 1 set |
| 58 | - obligate intracellular parasites of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, plants, and animals - ultramicroscopic size ranging from 20nm up to 450nm (diameter) - not cellular in nature; structure is very compact and economical - do not independently fulfill characteristics of life - inactive macromolecules outside the host cell and active only inside host cells - basic structure consists of protein shell (capsid) surrounding nucleic acid core - nucleic acid can be either dna or rna but not both - nucleic acid can be double stranded dna, single stranded dna, single stranded rna, or double stranded rna - molecules on virus surface impart high specificity for attachment to host cell - multiply by taking control of host cell's genetic material and regulating the synthesis and assembly of new viruses - lack enzymes for most metabolic processes - lack machinery for synthesizing proteins | 1 set |
| 59 | complete virus particle; consists of one or more molecule of dna or rna enclosed in coat of protein; may have additional layers that contain carbohydrates, lipids and other proteins; cannot reproduce independent of living cells nor carry out cell division | 1 set |
| 60 | 1. called "infectious particles" that are either active or inactive 2. obligate intracellular parasites: use host machinery for replication and making proteins 3. made of protien shell (capsid) surrounding nucleic acid core 4. various sizes, all smaller than cell | 1 set |
| 61 | viruses are found in all types of cellular organisms -host-dependent, self replicating, transmissible genetic elements -agents of heredity or disease -obligate intracellular parasites -non-cellular, no metabolic activity of their own -dna or rna as genetic material -extracellular form is called a virion | 1 set |
| 62 | contain single nucleic acid contain protein coat multiply inside living host cell by using synthesizing machinery of the cell (replication, transcription, translation) cause transfer of viral nucleic acids to other cells | 1 set |