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阿 a (final part.) / (interj.) 阿 ē flatter 阿 à (phonetic character) / (abbr.) Afghanistan 阿 ā an initial particle / prefix to names of people 阿拉伯语 A1 lā bó yǔ Arabic (language) 阿姨 ā yí (maternal) auntie 挨 ái next to / suffer (hunger) / endure / drag out / delay / stall / play for time 挨 āi lean to / in order / in sequence 哎 āi an interjection / hey / lookout / why etc 哎呀 āi yā (intj.) of wonder, shock or admiration 爱好 ài hào to like / to be fond of / to be keen on / interest / hobby 爱护 ài hù cherish / treasure / take good care of 爱情 ài qíng love (between man and woman) 安全 ān quán safe / secure / safety / security 安慰 ān wèi comfort / console 安心 ān xīn feel at ease / be relieved / set one's mind at rest / keep one's mind on something 按 àn to press (with the hand) / to push / to control / to restrain / to check / pressing down (brush movement in painting) / according to / in the light of 按时 àn shí on time / before deadline / on schedule 按照 àn zhào according to / in accordance with / in the light of / on the basis of 暗 àn dark / gloomy / hidden / secret 暗 àn to shut the door / unilluminated 岸 àn bank / shore / beach / coast 拔 bá pull up / pull out / select / promote 白 bái white / snowy / empty / blank / bright / clear / plain / pure / gratuitous 白菜 bái cài Chinese cabbage 白天 bái tiān daytime / during the day / day 败 bài be defeated / to defeat / loss 班长 bān zhǎng class monitor / squad leader / team leader 板 bǎn board / plank / plate / slab 板 bǎn boss 半导体 bàn dǎo tǐ semiconductor 半拉 bàn lā half 半夜 bàn yè midnight / in the middle of the night 办公 bàn gōng handle official business / work (usually in an office) 办事 bàn shì to handle (affairs) / to work 帮 bāng to assist / to support / to help / group / gang / party 帮忙 bāng máng help / give (lend) a hand / do a favor / do a good turn 榜样 bǎng yàng example / model 傍晚 bàng wǎn in the evening / when night falls / towards evening / at night fall / at dusk 包 bāo to cover / to wrap / to hold / to include / to take charge of / package / wrapper / container / bag / to hold or embrace / bundle / packet / to contract (to or for) 包 bāo to cover / to wrap / to hold / to include / to take charge of / package / wrapper / container / bag / to hold or embrace / bundle / packet / to contract (to or for) 包括 bāo kuò to comprise / to include / to involve / to incorporate / to consist of 包子 bāo zi steamed stuffed bun 薄 báo thin / slight / meagre / small / weak / lacking in warmth / infertile 薄 bó variant pinyin of bao2 / thin / slight / meagre / small / weak / lacking in warmth / infertile 保 bǎo to defend / to protect / to insure or guarantee / to maintain / hold or keep / to guard 保持 bǎo chí to keep / to maintain / to hold / to preserve 保存 bǎo cún to conserve / to preserve / to keep / save (a file) 保护 bǎo hù to defend / to protect / to safeguard 保留 bǎo liú continue to have / retain / hold back / reserve / reservations / hold back (approval or acceptance) / to preserve / maintain 保卫 bǎo wèi defend / safeguard 保证 bǎo zhèng guarantee / to guarantee / to ensure / to safeguard / to pledge 宝贵 bǎo guì valuable / precious / value / treasure / set store by 抱歉 bào qiàn be sorry / feel apologetic / regret 报到 bào dào report for duty / check in / register 报道 bào dào report 报告 bào gào to inform / report / make known / speech / talk / lecture 报名 bào míng enter one's name / apply / sign up 报纸 bào zhǐ newspaper / newsprint 背 bēi carry on one's back 背 bèi learn by heart / the back of the body 背 bēi to be burdened / to carry on the back or shoulder 碑 bēi a monument / an upright stone tablet / stele 悲痛 bēi tòng grieved / sorrowful 北部 běi bù northern part 北方 běi fāng north / the northern part a country / China north of the Yellow River 北面 běi miàn northern side / north 背 bēi to be burdened / to carry on the back or shoulder 背 bèi learn by heart / the back of the body 背 bēi carry on one's back 背后 bèi hòu behind / at the back / in the rear / behind somebody's back 被子 bèi zi quilt 本 běn roots or stems of plants / origin / source / this / the current / root / foundation / basis / (a measure word for books, periodicals, files, etc.) 本 běn roots or stems of plants / origin / source / this / the current / root / foundation / basis / (a measure word for books, periodicals, files, etc.) 本来 běn lái original / originally / at first / it goes without saying / of course 本领 běn lǐng skill / ability / capability 本事 běn shì ability / skill / source material / original story 本质 běn zhì essence / nature / innate character / intrinsic quality 笨 bèn stupid / foolish / silly / slow-witted / clumsy 逼 bī close to / compel 逼 bī force / compel / drive / press for / extort / press on towards / press up to / close in on / close 鼻子 bí zi nose 比例 bǐ lì proportion / scale 比如 bǐ rú for example / for instance / such as 笔记 bǐ jì take down (in writing) / notes / a type of literature consisting mainly of short sketches 毕业 bì yè graduation / to graduate / to finish school 闭 bì to close / stop up / shut / obstruct 必然 bì rán inevitable / certain / necessity 必要 bì yào necessary / essential / indispensable / required 避 bì avoid / shun / flee / escape / leave / to keep away / to leave / to hide 避免 bì miǎn to avert / to prevent / to avoid / to refrain from 编 biān weave / plait / organize / group / arrange / edit / compile / write / compose / fabricate 扁 piān Polygonum aviculare 扁 biǎn flat / tablet / inscription 扁 piān (surname) / small boat 便 biàn ordinary / plain / convenient / handy / easy / then / so / thus / to relieve oneself 便 pián advantageous / cheap 便条 biàn tiáo (informal) note 遍 biàn a time / everywhere / turn / all over / one time 标点 biāo diǎn punctuation / punctuate 标准 biāo zhǔn (an official) standard / norm / criterion 表达 biǎo dá to voice (an opinion) / to express / to convey 表面 biǎo miàn surface / face / outside / appearance 表明 biǎo míng make known / make clear / state clearly / indicate / known / to make clear 宾馆 bīn guǎn guesthouse 兵 bīng soldiers / a force / an army / weapons / arms / military / warlike 冰 bīng ice 病房 bìng fáng ward (of a hospital) / sickroom 病菌 bìng jūn harmful bacteria / pathogenic bacteria / germs 病人 bìng rén sick person / [medical] patient / invalid 并 bìng amalgamate / combine 并 bìng and / furthermore / (not) at all / simultaneously / also / together with / to combine / to join / to merge 并 bìng and / also / together with 并 bìng and / furthermore / (not) at all / simultaneously / also / together with / to combine / to join / to merge 并 bìng amalgamate / combine 并 bìng and / also / together with 并且 bìng qiě and / besides / moreover / furthermore / in addition 玻璃 bō li glass / nylon / plastic 伯伯 bó bo father's elder brother / uncle 伯母 bó mǔ wife of father's elder brother / aunt / (polite form of address for a woman who is about the age of one's mother) 脖子 bó zi neck 捕 bǔ to catch / to seize / to capture / to catch 补 bǔ to repair / to patch / to mend / to make up for / to fill (a vacancy) / to supplement 补充 bǔ chōng to replenish / to supplement / to complement / additional / supplementary 补课 bǔ kè make up a missed lesson 补习 bǔ xí take lessons after school or work / extra tutoring / to cram (for exams) 不必 bù bì need not / does not have to 不大 bù dà not very / not too / not often 不得不 bù dé bù have no choice or option but to / cannot but / have to / can't help it / can't avoid 不得了 bù dé liǎo desperately serious / disastrous / extremely / exceedingly 不断 bù duàn unceasing / uninterrupted / continuous / constant 不敢当 bù gǎn dāng you flatter me / I don't deserve it (your praise) 不管 bù guǎn no matter (what, how) / regardless of / no matter 不过 bù guò only / merely / no more than / but / however / only 不好意思 bù hǎo yì si feel embarrassed / be ill at ease / find it embarrassing (to do sth) 不仅 bù jǐn not the only one / not only / not just 不论 bù lùn no matter (what, who, how, etc.) / whether / or / regardless of 不平 bù píng injustice / unfairness / wrong / grievance / indignant / resentful 不然 bù rán not so / no / or else / otherwise / if not 不少 bù shǎo not (just) a few 不是吗 bù shì ma isn't that so? 不行 bù xíng won't do / be out of the question / be no good / not work / not be capable 不幸 bù xìng misfortune / adversity / unfortunate / sad / unfortunately 不许 bù xǔ not allow / must not / can't 不要紧 bù yào jǐn unimportant / not serious / it doesn't matter / never mind / it looks all right / but 不一定 bù yī dìng not necessarily / maybe 不住 bù zhù repeatedly / continuously / constantly 布置 bù zhì (v) put in order; arrange; decorate 布置 bù zhì arrange / fix up / decorate 步 bù a step / a pace / walk / march / stages in a process 部 bù ministry / department / section / part / division / troops / board / (a measure word) / (a measure word for works of literature, films, machines, etc.) 部队 bù duì army / armed forces / troops / force / unit 部门 bù mén department / branch / section / division 部长 bù zhǎng head of a (government, etc) department / section chief / section head / secretary / minister 猜 cāi to guess 材料 cái liào material / data / makings / stuff 踩 cǎi step upon / tread on / stamp 采 cǎi affairs / gather 采 cài allotment to a feudal noble 采 cǎi to pick / to pluck / to collect / to select / to choose / to gather 采购 cǎi gòu make purchases for an organization or enterprise / purchase 采取 cǎi qǔ adopt or carry out (measures, policies, course of action) / to take 采用 cǎi yòng to adopt / to employ / to use 彩色 cǎi sè color / multi-colored 餐厅 cān tīng dining-hall 藏 cáng to hide away / to conceal / to harbor / store / accumulate 藏 zàng storehouse / depository / Buddhist or Taoist scripture / Zang / Tibet 草地 cǎo dì lawn / meadow / sod / turf 草原 cǎo yuán grassland / prairie 厕所 cè suǒ toilet / lavatory 册 cè book / a measure word for books / booklet 测验 cè yàn test / to test 曾 céng (refers to something that happened previously) / already / at some time in the past / before / once 曾 zēng (surname) / great-grand (father) 曾经 céng jīng (refers to something that happened previously) / once / at one time 插 chā insert / stick in / pierce / to take part in / to interfere / to interpose 叉子 chā zi fork 差 cī uneven 差 chā difference / discrepancy / to differ / error / to err / to make a mistake 差 chāi send / a messenger / a mission / to commission 差 chà differ from / short of / to lack / poor 差不多 chà bu duō almost, nearly 差点儿 chà diǎn er (adv) almost; just about to 拆 chāi to tear open / to tear down / to tear apart / to open 产量 chǎn liàng output 产品 chǎn pǐn goods / merchandise / product 产生 chǎn shēng to come into being / to produce / to cause / to bring about / to generate / to yield / to engender 尝 cháng indicator of past tense / to taste / flavor / already / ever / once / test / already / formerly 尝 cháng to taste 长期 cháng qī long term / long time 长途 cháng tú long distance 超 chāo to exceed / overtake / surpass / transcend / ultra- / super- / to pass / to cross 超过 chāo guò to surpass / to exceed / to outstrip 抄 chāo to copy / to plagiarize / to search and seize / to go / to transcribe / to take a shortcut / to search and confiscate 抄写 chāo xiě to copy / to transcribe 吵 chǎo to quarrel / to make a noise / noisy / to disturb by making a noise 车间 chē jiān workshop 彻底 chè dǐ thorough / complete 沉默 chén mò silence / uncommunicative 趁 chèn avail oneself of / take advantage of 衬衫 chèn shān shirt / blouse 衬衣 chèn yī shirt 称 chēng to call / to praise / to weigh / to estimate / to consider / to call / to address / to name / to say / commend 称 chèn balanced / to fit / well-off / suitable 称 chèng steelyard / variant form of 秤 称赞 chēng zàn to praise / to acclaim / to commend / to compliment 成分 chéng fèn ingredient 成功 chéng gōng success / to succeed 成果 chéng guǒ result / achievement / gain / profit 成就 chéng jiù accomplishment / success / attain a result / achievement 成立 chéng lì establish / set up 成熟 chéng shú mature / ripe 成为 chéng wéi to become / to turn into 成长 chéng zhǎng mature / grow up 乘 chéng ride / mount / make use of / take advantage of / multiply / to avail of / to ride 程度 chéng dù degree (level or extent) / level 诚恳 chéng kěn hearty 诚实 chéng shí honest / honesty / honorable / truthful 承认 chéng rèn recognize / to acknowledge / to admit 吃惊 chī jīng to be startled / to be shocked / to be amazed 尺 chǐ a Chinese foot (M) / one-third of a meter / a ruler / a musical note on traditional Chinese scale 翅膀 chì bǎng wing 充分 chōng fèn full / abundant 充满 chōng mǎn full of / brimming with / very full / permeated 充足 chōng zú adequate / sufficient / abundant 冲 chōng to rinse / to collide / to water / to rush / to dash (against) / to wash out / to charge / highway / public road 冲 chòng strong / powerful / forceful / dynamic / to punch 冲 chōng dash against 冲 chòng of great force / towards 虫子 chóng zi worm / insect 重 zhòng heavy / serious 重 chóng to double / to repeat / repetition / iteration / again / a layer 重叠 chóng dié overlapping 重复 chóng fù to repeat / to duplicate 重新 chóng xīn again / once more / re- 崇高 chóng gāo majestic / sublime 抽象 chōu xiàng abstract 愁 chóu worry about 臭 xiù sense of smell / smell bad 臭 chòu stench / stink / smelly / to smell (bad) 初 chū at first / (at the) beginning / first / junior / basic 初步 chū bù initial / preliminary / tentative 初级 chū jí junior / primary 出版 chū bǎn to publish / to come off the press / to put out 出口 chū kǒu to speak / to exit / to go out / to export 出生 chū shēng to be born 出席 chū xí attend / be present 出院 chū yuàn to leave hospital 厨房 chú fáng kitchen 除 chú remove / do away with / wipe out / divide / except 处 chǔ to reside / to live / to dwell / to be in / to stay / get along with / to be in a position of / deal with 处 chù a place / location / spot / point / office / department / bureau / respect 处分 chǔ fēn disposal 处理 chǔ lǐ to handle / to treat / to deal with / to process 处 chǔ to reside / to live / to dwell / to be in / to stay / get along with / to be in a position of / deal with 处 chù a place / location / spot / point / office / department / bureau / respect 传 chuán to pass on / to spread / to transmit / to infect / to transfer / to circulate / to pass on / to conduct (electricity) 传 zhuàn biography 传播 chuán bō to disseminate / to propagate / to spread 传统 chuán tǒng tradition / convention 闯 chuǎng to rush / break through 创 chuàng begin / initiate / inaugurate / start / create 创 chuāng a wound / cut / injury / trauma 创造 chuàng zào to create / to bring about / to produce 创作 chuàng zuò to create / to produce / to write / creative work / creation 春节 chūn jié Spring Festival (Chinese New Year) 此 cǐ this / these 此外 cǐ wài besides / in addition / moreover / furthermore 刺 cì thorn / sting / prick / pierce / stab / thrust / assassinate / murder 聪明 cōng míng intelligent / bright 从此 cóng cǐ thereupon / henceforth 从而 cóng ér thus / thereby 从来 cóng lái always / at all times / never (if used in negative sentence) 从事 cóng shì go for / engage in / undertake / to deal with / to handle / to do 粗 cū coarse / rough / thick / unfinished / vulgar / rude / crude 醋 cù vinegar 促进 cù jìn to promote (an idea or cause) / to advance / boost 催 cuī urge / press / expedite / prompt / hurry 存 cún exist / deposit / store / keep / survive 存在 cún zài to exist / to be 寸 cùn a unit of length / inch / thumb 措施 cuò shī measure / step (to be taken) 搭 dā build (scaffolding) / take (boat, train) / hang / join / match / take passage 答应 dā ying reply / promise 答 dá reply / answer / return / respond / echo 答 dā to answer / agree 答案 dá àn answer / solution 答卷 dá juàn completed examination paper / answer sheet 达到 dá dào to reach / to achieve / to attain 打扮 dǎ bàn dress up 打倒 dǎ dǎo flatten 打扰 dǎ rǎo disturb 打听 dǎ ting ask about / inquire about 打针 dǎ zhēn to give or have an injection 大胆 dà dǎn courageous / daring / fearless 大多数 dà duō shù (great) majority 大会 dà huì general assembly / general meeting 大伙儿 dà huǒ er (pron) everyone 大街 dà jiē street / main street 大量 dà liàng great amount / large quantity / numerous 大陆 dà lù continent / mainland (esp. of China) / mainland China 大米 dà mǐ rice 大批 dà pī large quantities of 大人 dà ren adult / grownup 大使馆 dà shǐ guǎn embassy 大小 dà xiǎo dimension / magnitude / size / measurement 大型 dà xíng large scale / wide scale / broad scale 大衣 dà yī overcoat / topcoat / cloak 大约 dà yuē approximately / about 呆 dāi stay / stupid 呆 dāi foolish / stupid / no expression / stay 呆 dāi foolish / stupid / no expression / stay 呆 dāi stay / stupid 代 dài substitute / replace / generation / dynasty / geological era / era / age / period 代替 dài tì instead / replace 袋 dài a pouch / bag / sack / pocket 待 dài wait / treat / deal with / need / about / intending to do something 待 dāi stay / delay 担任 dān rèn to hold a governmental office or post / to assume office of / to take charge of / to serve as 担心 dān xīn anxious / worried / uneasy / to worry / to be anxious / worry 单 shàn (surname) 单 dān bill / list / form / single / only / sole 单 chán chieftain 单 shàn (surname) 单 dān bill / list / form / single / only / sole 单 chán chieftain 单词 dān cí word 单调 dān diào monotonous 单位 dān wèi a unit / unity (i.e. 1 in math) / a work unit / one's place of work 但 dàn but / yet / however / only / merely / still 淡 dàn insipid / diluted / weak / light in color / tasteless / fresh / indifferent / nitrogen 蛋 dàn egg / oval shaped 蛋糕 dàn gāo cake 当地 dāng dì local 当年 dāng nián in those days / then / in those years / during that time 当前 dāng qián current / today's / modern / present / to be facing (us) 当时 dāng shí then / at that time / while 挡 dàng arrange / put in order 挡 dǎng hinder / resist / obstruct / hinder / cover / keep off / a cover / to block / to get in the way of 党 dǎng party 党 dǎng party / association / club / society 党员 dǎng yuán political party member 当 dàng at or in the very same... / to pawn / suitable / adequate / fitting / proper / replace / represent 当 dāng to be / to act as / manage / withstand / when / during / ought / should / match equally / equal / same / obstruct / just at (a time or place) / on the spot / right / just at 当做 dàng zuò to treat as / to regard as / to look upon as 刀子 dāo zi knife 岛 dǎo island 到处 dào chù in all places / everywhere 到达 dào dá to reach / to arrive 到底 dào dǐ finally / in the end / when all is said and done 到底 dào dǐ finally / in the end / when all is said and done 倒 dào upset / turn over / to tip / to pour / to go home / to the contrary / inverted 倒 dǎo to fall / to collapse / to topple / to change trains or buses / to fail / bankrupt 道 dào direction / way / method / road / path / principle / truth / reason / skill / method / Tao (of Taoism) / a measure word / to say / to speak / to talk 道 dào direction / way / method / road / path / principle / truth / reason / skill / method / Tao (of Taoism) / a measure word / to say / to speak / to talk 道德 dào dé moral / morality / virtue 道路 dào lù road / path / way 道歉 dào qiàn to apologize / to make an apology 德语 dé yǔ German (language) 登 dēng scale / climb / ascend / mount / go up / register / note / to publish / to issue / to record 登记 dēng jì to register (one's name) 等 děng class / rank / grade / equal to / same as / wait for / await / et cetera / and so on / after / as soon as / once 等待 děng dài wait for / await 等于 děng yú to equal 滴 dī a drop / to drip 敌人 dí rén enemy 的确 dí què really / indeed 底下 dǐ xia (n) the location below sth / (n) afterwards 地带 dì dài zone 地点 dì diǎn place / site / location 地方 dì fang area / place / local 地面 dì miàn floor / ground / surface 地球 dì qiú the Earth / planet 地区 dì qū area / region 地图 dì tú map 地位 dì wèi position / status / place 地下 dì xià underground / subterranean 地址 dì zhǐ address 递 dì to hand over / to pass / to give 电报 diàn bào telegram / cable / telegraph 电冰箱 diàn bīng xiāng refrigerator 电风扇 diàn fēng shàn electric fan 电视台 diàn shì tái (n) television station 电台 diàn tái transmitter-receiver / broadcasting station 电梯 diàn tī elevator 电影院 diàn yǐng yuàn cinema / movie theater 店 diàn inn / shop / store 吊 diào to hang a person 吊 diào condole with / hang 钓 diào to fish with a hook and bait 调 diào mode (music) / to move (troops) / tune / tone / melody / to transfer 调 tiáo harmonize / reconcile / blend / suit well / provoke / incite 调查 diào chá investigation / inquiry / to investigate / to survey / survey / (opinion) poll 跌 diē to drop / to fall / to tumble 顶 dǐng "go against / most / peak / top / to replace / to substitute / a measure word (use with ""hat"")" 顶 dǐng "go against / most / peak / top / to replace / to substitute / a measure word (use with ""hat"")" 定 dìng to set / to fix / to determine / to decide / to order 订 dìng to agree / to conclude / to draw up / to subscribe to (a newspaper, etc.) / to order 东北 dōng běi northeast 东部 dōng bù the east / the eastern part 东方 dōng fāng the East / Eastern countries 东面 dōng miàn east side (of sth.) 东南 dōng nán southeast 懂得 dǒng de to understand / to know / to comprehend 动人 dòng rén touching / moving 动身 dòng shēn go on a journey / leave 动手 dòng shǒu to hit with hands or fists / to start work / to touch 动物园 dòng wù yuán zoo 动员 dòng yuán mobilize / arouse 动作 dòng zuò movement / motion / action 冻 dòng to freeze 洞 dòng cave / hole 斗争 dòu zhēng struggle (with) / fight / battle 豆腐 dòu fu tofu / bean curd 逗 dòu tease / play with / stay / stop 独立 dú lì independent / independence / to stand alone 读书 dú shū study / read 读者 dú zhě reader 堵 dǔ stop up 肚子 dù zi belly / abdomen 度 dù capacity / degree / standard 度过 dù guò spend / pass 渡 dù to cross / to pass through / to ferry 端 duān end / extremity / item / port / to hold sth. level with both hands / to carry / regular 短期 duǎn qī short-term 断 duàn absolutely / decidedly (in negative constructions) / break / to judge 堆 duī a pile / a mass / heap / stack 队 duì squadron / team / group 队伍 duì wǔ ranks / troops 队长 duì zhǎng captain / team leader 对 duì couple / pair / to be opposite / to oppose / to face / for / to / correct (answer) / to answer / to reply / to direct (towards sth) / right 对比 duì bǐ contrast / balance 对待 duì dài treat / treatment 对方 duì fāng counterpart / other person involved / opposite side / other side / receiving party 对付 duì fu (v) handle; deal with / (v) get by with what one has 对话 duì huà dialog 对面 duì miàn opposite 对象 duì xiàng target / object / partner / boyfriend / girlfriend 对于 duì yú regarding / as far as (something) is concerned / with regards to 吨 dūn ton 蹲 dūn crouch / squat 多数 duō shù majority / most 夺 duó rob / snatch 躲 duǒ avoid / get out of way / to hide / to go into hiding 朵 duǒ M for flowers 鹅 é goose 而 ér and / as well as / but (not) / yet (not) / (shows causal relation) / (shows change of state) / (shows contrast) 儿童 ér tóng child 耳朵 ěr duo ear 发表 fā biǎo to issue (a statement) / to publish / to issue / to put out 发出 fā chū to send out / to issue 发达 fā dá developed (country, etc.) / flourishing / to develop 发动 fā dòng to start / to launch / to mobilize 发抖 fā dǒu shiver / shudder / tremble / tremulous 发挥 fā huī bring to bear / bring into play / unleash 发明 fā míng to invent / invention 发言 fā yán statement / utterance 发扬 fā yáng develop / make full use of 法郎 fǎ láng franc 法律 fǎ lǜ law 繁荣 fán róng prosperous / booming (economy) 凡 fán ordinary / every / all / whatever / worldly 反动 fǎn dòng reaction / reactionary 反复 fǎn fù repeatedly / over and over 反抗 fǎn kàng revolt / resist 反应 fǎn yìng reaction / response / reply 反映 fǎn yìng reaction / response / to reflect / to mirror 反正 fǎn zhèng anyway / anyhow / in any case 范围 fàn wéi range / scope / limit / extent 犯 fàn to violate / to offend 方 fāng square / quadrilateral / direction / just 方案 fāng àn plan / program (for action, etc) / proposal / proposed bill 方式 fāng shì way (of life) / pattern / style / mode / manner 方针 fāng zhēn policy / guidelines 房子 fáng zi house 防 fáng to protect / to defend / to guard (against) 防止 fáng zhǐ to prevent / to guard against / to take precautions 纺织 fǎng zhī spinning (thread) 放大 fàng dà enlarge 放弃 fàng qì to renounce / to abandon / to give up 放心 fàng xīn to set one's mind at rest / to be at ease / to rest 肥 féi loose-fitting / fat / fertile 肺 fèi lung 费 fèi to cost / to spend / fee / wasteful / expenses / (surname) 费 fèi to cost / to spend / fee / wasteful / expenses / (surname) 费用 fèi yòng cost / expenditure / expense 吩咐 fēn fù tell / instruct / command 分别 fēn bié difference / distinction / apart / separate / separately / respectively 分配 fēn pèi to distribute / to assign / to allocate 分析 fēn xī to analyze / analysis 纷纷 fēn fēn one after another / in succession / one by one 粉笔 fěn bǐ chalk 奋斗 fèn dòu strive / struggle 份 fèn (a measure word for gifts, copies of a newspaper) / copy (of newspaper, magazine, etc.) / share / portion / part / (a measure word) 愤怒 fèn nù angry / indignant 封建 fēng jiàn feudal 风景 fēng jǐng scenery / landscape 风力 fēng lì wind-force / wind power 风俗 fēng sú custom 逢 féng every time / meet by chance 否定 fǒu dìng negative 否则 fǒu zé if not / otherwise / else / or else 扶 fú to support with hand / to help sb. up / to help 幅 fú (measure word for textile or picture) / width / roll 符合 fú hé in keeping with / in accordance with / to agree with / to correspond with / to be in line with / manage / to handle 服从 fú cóng obey (an order) 浮 fú (v) float / exceed; be superfluous / (sv) unstable / provisional; temporary / hollow; inflated / excessive; surplus 副 fù secondary / auxiliary / deputy / assistant / vice- / (measure word for a pair) 副 fù secondary / auxiliary / deputy / assistant / vice- / (measure word for a pair) 副食 fù shí non-staple food 复述 fù shù repeat / retell 复印 fù yìn (v) make a photocopy; duplicate document 付 fù pay 富 fù rich 妇女 fù nǚ woman 该 gāi that / the above-mentioned / most likely / to deserve / should / ought to / owe 改革 gǎi gé to reform 改进 gǎi jìn to improve / to make better 改善 gǎi shàn to make better / to improve 改造 gǎi zào to change / to alter / to transform 改正 gǎi zhèng to correct / to amend / to put right / correction 概括 gài kuò summarize / generalize / briefly 概念 gài niàn concept / idea 盖 gài lid / top / cover / canopy / to build 盖 gě (surname) 干 gān dry / to concern / shield 干 gàn manage / stem 干 gàn to work / to do / to manage 干杯 gān bēi to drink a toast / to propose a toast / here's to / cheers 干脆 gān cuì blunt (e.g., statement) / clear-cut 干脆 gān cuì straightforward / clear-cut / simply / might as well 干燥 gān zào to dry (of paint, cement, etc.) / dessication / dull / uninteresting / arid and lifeless (of desert) 杆 gān pole 杆 gǎn stick / pole 杆 gǎn measure for guns 肝 gān liver 赶 gǎn to catch up / to overtake / to hurry / to rush / to drive away 赶紧 gǎn jǐn hurriedly 赶快 gǎn kuài at once / immediately 感动 gǎn dòng to move (sb) / to touch / moving 感激 gǎn jī appreciate 感觉 gǎn jué to feel / to become aware of / feeling / sense / perception 感情 gǎn qíng feeling / emotion / affection / sensation 感想 gǎn xiǎng impressions / reflections / thoughts 感兴趣 gǎn xìng qù be interested 干活儿 gàn huó er (v) do manual work 刚刚 gāng gang just recently / just a moment ago 钢 gāng steel 港 gǎng harbor / Hong Kong (abbr.) 高大 gāo dà tall / lofty 高度 gāo dù height / very / high degree / highly / height / highness 高原 gāo yuán plateau 告 gào to tell / to inform / to say 告别 gào bié to leave / to bid farewell to / to say good-bye to 搁 gē to place 胳膊 gē bo (n) arm 割 gē cut off 革命 gé mìng (political) revolution 隔 gé to separate / to stand or lie between / to divide / to cut off 隔壁 gé bì next door 个别 gè bié individual / respective / respectively 个人 gè rén individual / personal / oneself 个体 gè tǐ individual 个子 gè zi height / stature / build / size 根本 gēn běn (not) at all / simply / fundamental / basic / root 根据 gēn jù according to / based on / basis / foundation 跟前 gēn qián front / in front (of) 更加 gèng jiā more (than sth else) / even more 工程 gōng chéng engineering / an engineering project / project / undertaking 工程师 gōng chéng shī engineer 工夫 gōng fu work / labor / effort 工会 gōng huì labor union / trade union 工具 gōng jù tool / instrument / utensil / means 工艺品 gōng yì pǐn handicraft article / handiwork 工资 gōng zī wages / pay 功夫 gōng fu skill / art / kung fu / labor / effort 供 gōng offer (information etc.) / supply 供 gòng offer / sacrificial offering / trial statement / confession 供给 gōng gěi furnish / provide / supply 供给 gōng jǐ supply 公费 gōng fèi at public expense 公共 gōng gòng public / common (use) 公开 gōng kāi public 公路 gōng lù public road 公司 gōng sī (business) company / company / firm / corporation / incorporated 公用电话 gōng yòng diàn huà public phone 公元 gōng yuán (year) A.D. / Christian era 巩固 gǒng gù consolidate 贡献 gòng xiàn to contribute / to dedicate / to devote / contribution 共 gòng all together / in while / to share / common / general / together 共产党 gòng chǎn dǎng Communist party 共同 gòng tóng common / joint / jointly / together / collaborative 狗 gǒu dog 构成 gòu chéng to constitute / to form / to compose / to make up 构造 gòu zào structure / composition 估计 gū jì estimate / reckon 姑姑 gū gu (n) paternal aunt 鼓 gǔ convex / drum / to rouse / to beat 鼓励 gǔ lì to encourage 鼓舞 gǔ wǔ heartening (news) / boost (morale) 鼓掌 gǔ zhǎng to applaud 古 gǔ ancient / old 古代 gǔ dài ancient times / olden times 古迹 gǔ jì places of historic interest / historical sites 古老 gǔ lǎo ancient / old / age-old 骨头 gǔ tou bone / strong character 故乡 gù xiàng home / homeland / native place 故意 gù yì deliberately / on purpose 顾 gù look after / take into consideration / to attend to 顾客 gù kè client / customer 挂号 guà hào to register (a letter, etc.) 拐 guǎi kidnap / to turn 怪 guài queer / to blame 关键 guān jiàn crucial / key / pivotal 关于 guān yú pertaining to / concerning / regarding / with regards to / about 关照 guān zhào concern / care / to keep an eye on / to look after 官 guān official / government 观察 guān chá to observe / to watch / to survey / to examine 观点 guān diǎn point of view / viewpoint / standpoint 观众 guān zhòng spectators, audience 管 guǎn to take care (of) / to control / to manage / to be in charge of / to look after / to run / tube / pipe 管理 guǎn lǐ to supervise / to manage / to administer / management / administration 冠军 guàn jūn champion 罐头 guàn tou tin / can 贯彻 guàn chè implement / put into practice / carry out 光 guāng light / ray / bright / only / merely 光 guāng light / ray / bright / only / merely 光 guāng light / ray / bright / only / merely 光辉 guāng huī radiance 光明 guāng míng bright (future) / promising 光荣 guāng róng honor and glory 光线 guāng xiàn optical line / optical cable / light ray 广场 guǎng chǎng a public square (e.g. Tiananmen Square) 广大 guǎng dà vast / extensive 广泛 guǎng fàn extensive / wide range 广告 guǎng gào to advertise / a commercial 广阔 guǎng kuò wide / vast 逛 guàng to stroll / to visit 规定 guī dìng provision / to fix / to set / to formulate / to stipulate / to provide 规律 guī lǜ rule (e.g. of science) / law of behaviour / regular pattern / rythm / discipline 规模 guī mó scale / scope / extent 鬼 guǐ ghost / sly / crafty 跪 guì kneel 滚 gǔn to boil / to roll 锅 guō pot / pan / boiler 国际 guó jì international 国民党 guó mín dǎng Kuomintang / nationalist party 国王 guó wáng king 果然 guǒ rán really / sure enough / as expected 过程 guò chéng course of events / process 过年 guò nián celebrate the New Year 海关 hǎi guān customs (i.e., border crossing inspection) 海洋 hǎi yáng ocean 害 hài to do harm to / to cause trouble to / harm / evil / calamity 害处 hài chu (n) harm 害怕 hài pà to be afraid / to be scared 含 hán to keep / to contain / to suck (keep in your mouth without chewing) 寒冷 hán lěng cold (climate) / frigid / very cold 汗 hàn perspiration / sweat 行 xìng behavior / conduct 行 háng a row / profession / professional 行 xíng all right / capable / competent / OK / okay / to go / to do / to travel / temporary / to walk / to go / will do 航空 háng kōng aviation 毫不 háo bù not at all 毫不 háo bú hardly / not in the least / not at all 毫无 háo wú without 好久 hǎo jiǔ quite a while 好容易 hǎo róng yì with great difficulty / have a hard time 好听 hǎo tīng pleasant to hear 好玩儿 hǎo wán er (adj) interesting; delightful 好些 hǎo xiē a good deal of / quite a lot 号码 hào mǎ number 号召 hào zhào call / appeal 好 hǎo good / well 好 hào to be fond of 和平 hé píng peace 合 hé Chinese musical note / fit / to join 合 gě one-tenth of a peck 合理 hé lǐ rationale / reasonable 合同 hé tong (business) contract 合作 hé zuò to cooperate / to collaborate / to work together / cooperation 盒 hé small box / case 嘿 hēi hey 黑暗 hēi àn dark / darkly / darkness 恨 hèn to hate 哼 hng5 (interj. of contempt) 哼 hēng hum 红茶 hóng chá black tea 红旗 hóng qí red flag 猴子 hóu zi monkey 厚 hòu generous / thick (for flat things) 后悔 hòu huǐ regret / repent 后来 hòu lái afterwards / later 后面 hòu mian rear / back / behind 后年 hòu nián the year after next 后年 hòu nián (n) the year after next 后天 hòu tiān day after tomorrow / post-natal 呼 hū to call / to cry / to shout / to breath out / to exhale 呼吸 hū xī breathe 壶 hú pot / (a measure word) 胡乱 hú luàn carelessly / recklessly 胡子 hú zi beard / moustache or whiskers / facial hair 糊涂 hú tu muddled / silly 护士 hù shi nurse 护照 hù zhào passport 户 hù a household / door / family 花园 huā yuán garden 划 huá to row 划 huà to delimit / to transfer / to assign / to differentiate / to mark off / to draw (a line) / to delete / stroke of a Chinese character 滑 gǔ comical 滑 huá comical / cunning / slippery / smooth 滑冰 huá bīng to skate / skating 画报 huà bào pictorial (magazine) 划 huá to row 划 huà to delimit / to transfer / to assign / to differentiate / to mark off / to draw (a line) / to delete / stroke of a Chinese character 化 huà to make into / to change into / -ization / to ... -ize / to transform 坏处 huài chu (n) harm; troubles 欢送 huān sòng see off / send off 环 huán bracelet / ring (not for finger) / to surround / to loop / loop 环境 huán jìng environment / circumstances / surroundings 慌 huāng nervous 黄瓜 huáng guā cucumber 黄油 huáng yóu butter 皇帝 huáng dì emperor 灰 huī gray / ash 挥 huī scatter / wield / wipe away 恢复 huī fù to reinstate / to resume / to restore / to recover / to regain 回头 huí tóu turn round 回信 huí xìn reply / write back 回忆 huí yì recall / recollect 会场 huì chǎng meeting place / place where people gather 会见 huì jiàn to meet with (someone who is paying a visit) 会客 huì kè receive a visitor 会谈 huì tán talks / discussions 会议 huì yì meeting / conference 昏迷 hūn mí to lose consciousness / to be in a coma 婚姻 hūn yīn matrimony / wedding / marriage 混 hún confused / dirty / mix 混 hùn to mix / to get along / thoughtless 活泼 huó po lively / vivacious / brisk / active 活跃 huó yuè active / vigorous 伙食 huǒ shí (n) food or meal served at a mess hall 火 huǒ fire 火柴 huǒ chái match 获得 huò dé to obtain / to receive / to get 或 huò maybe / perhaps / might / possibly / or 货 huò goods / money / commodity 几乎 jī hū almost / nearly / practically 机床 jī chuáng machine tool 机关 jī guān organ / mechanism 机械 jī xiè machine / mechanical 积极 jī jí active / energetic / vigorous / positive (outlook) / proactive 积极性 jī jí xìng zeal / initiative / enthusiasm / activity 积累 jī lěi accumulate 激动 jī dòng to excite / to agitate / exciting 激烈 jī liè intense / acute / fierce 极 jí extremely / pole (geography, physics) / utmost / top 极其 jí qí extremely 集 jí to gather / to collect / collected works / measure word (e.g. for episodes of TV series) 集体 jí tǐ collective 集中 jí zhōng to concentrate / to centralize / to focus / centralized / concentrated / to put together 及 jí to reach / and 及格 jí gé to pass a test 及时 jí shí in time / promptly / without delay / timely 急忙 jí máng hastily 即 jí namely / right away / to approach / to draw near 级 jí level / grade / rank / step 技术员 jì shù yuán technician 季节 jì jié time / season / period 计算 jì suàn to count / to calculate / to compute 记得 jì de to remember 记录 jì lù record 记忆 jì yì memories / remember / memory 记者 jì zhě reporter / journalist 既 jì already / since / both... (and...) 既然 jì rán since / as / this being the case 纪律 jì lǜ discipline 纪念 jì niàn to commemorate / to remember 夹 jiá hold between / lined / narrow lane 夹 jiā clip / folder / hold between / to press from both sides / to place in between 家具 jiā jù furniture 家乡 jiā xiāng hometown / native place 加工 jiā gōng to process / processing / working (of machinery) 加强 jiā qiáng to reinforce / to strengthen / to increase 加以 jiā yǐ in addition / [before a verb] handle, deal with 假 jià vacation 假 jiǎ fake / false / artificial / to borrow / if / suppose 价格 jià gé price 价值 jià zhí value / worth 架 jià to support / frame / rack / framework / measure word for planes, large vehicles, radios, etc. 假条 jià tiáo leave permit / application for leave 坚定 jiān dìng firm / steady / staunch 坚决 jiān jué firm / resolute / determined 坚强 jiān qiáng staunch / strong 尖 jiān point (of needle) / sharp / shrewd / pointed 尖锐 jiān ruì sharp / intense / penetrating / pointed / acute (med.) 肩 jiān shoulder 艰巨 jiān jù very difficult (task) 艰苦 jiān kù difficult / hard / arduous 拣 jiǎn choose / pick up 捡 jiǎn pick up / collect / gather 剪 jiǎn cut with scissors / scissors 减 jiǎn to lower / to decrease / to reduce / to subtract / to diminish 减轻 jiǎn qīng lighten / ease / alleviate 减少 jiǎn shǎo to lessen / to decrease / to reduce / to lower 箭 jiàn arrow 渐渐 jiàn jiàn gradually 建 jiàn to establish / to found / to set up / to build / to construct 建立 jiàn lì creation / set up / construction / build / establish / set up 建议 jiàn yì to propose / to suggest / to recommend / proposal / suggestion / recommendation 建筑 jiàn zhù building / construct 将 jiàng a general 将 jiāng "(will, shall, ""future tense"") / ready / prepared / to get / to use" 将 jiāng "(will, shall, ""future tense"") / ready / prepared / to get / to use" 将 jiàng a general 将要 jiāng yào will / shall / be going to 奖 jiǎng old variant of 奬 / prize / award / encouragement 奖 jiǎng a prize (e.g. the Nobel prize) 奖学金 jiǎng xué jīn scholarship 讲话 jiǎng huà a speech / to speak / to talk / to address 讲座 jiǎng zuò a course of lectures 酱油 jiàng yóu soy sauce 降 jiàng to drop / to fall / to come down / to descend 降 xiáng surrender 降低 jiàng dī to reduce / to lower / to bring down 交换 jiāo huàn to exchange / to swap / (telecom) to switch / (math.) to commute / (math.) commutative 交际 jiāo jì communication / social intercourse 交流 jiāo liú exchange / give-and-take / to exchange / to alternate / communication / alternating current (elec.) 交通 jiāo tōng (automobile) traffic / communication 郊区 jiāo qū suburban district / outskirts / suburbs 骄傲 jiāo ào arrogant / conceited / full of oneself / proud 角 jué Chinese musical note / angle / horn 角 jiǎo angle / horn / horn-shaped / unit of money equal to 0.1 yuan 教材 jiào cái teaching material 教师 jiào shī teacher 教授 jiào shòu university professor / instruct / lecture on 教学 jiào xué teacher and student / education 教训 jiào xun (teach someone or learn a) lesson (i.e. obtain wisdom from an experience) 教员 jiào yuán teacher / instructor 较 jiào clear / distinct / compare / comparatively 叫做 jiào zuò be called / be known as 接触 jiē chù contact / to contact / to be in touch with / access 接待 jiē dài receive (a visit) / admit (entry to) 接到 jiē dào receive (letter etc.) 接见 jiē jiàn receive sb. / grant an interview to 接近 jiē jìn near / close to 接受 jiē shòu to accept / to receive 街道 jiē dào street 阶段 jiē duàn stage / section 阶级 jiē jí (social) class 结实 jiē shi (adj) strong; rugged; sturdy 节省 jié shěng saving 节约 jié yuē frugal / save 结构 jié gòu structure / composition / makeup / architecture 结合 jié hé to combine / to link / to integrate / binding 结婚 jié hūn to marry / to get married 结论 jié lùn (reach a) conclusion / verdict 解 xiè (surname) 解 jiě to divide / to break up / to split / to separate / to dissolve / to solve / to melt / to remove / to untie / to loosen / to open / to emancipate / to explain / to understand / to know / a solution / a dissection 解 jiè transport under guard 解答 jiě dá answer / explanation / (math.) solution (of an equation) 解放 jiě fàng to liberate / to emancipate / liberation 解释 jiě shì explanation / to explain / to interpret / to resolve 届 jiè arrive at (place or time) / period / to become due / measure words for events (e.g., meetings, elections) 金 jīn metal / money / gold 金属 jīn shǔ metal 今后 jīn hòu hereafter / henceforth / in the future / from now on 仅 jǐn barely / only / merely 仅仅 jǐn jǐn barely / only / merely / only (this and nothing more) 尽 jǐn to the utmost 尽 jìn to use up / to exhaust / to end / to finish / to the utmost / exhausted / finished / to the limit (of sth) 尽管 jǐn guǎn despite / although / even though / in spite of / don't hesitate (e.g., to ask for help) 尽量 jìn liàng as much as possible / to the greatest extent 进步 jìn bù progress 进攻 jìn gōng attack (militarily) 进化 jìn huà evolution 进口 jìn kǒu import 进入 jìn rù to enter / to join / to go into 进修 jìn xiū advanced studies / additional studies 进一步 jìn yī bù (one step) further / to move forward a single step / further (onwards) 禁止 jìn zhǐ to prohibit 近来 jìn lái recently / lately 尽 jǐn to the utmost 尽 jìn to use up / to exhaust / to end / to finish / to the utmost / exhausted / finished / to the limit (of sth) 劲 jìng stalwart / sturdy 劲 jìn strength 京剧 jīng jù Beijing opera 精力 jīng lì energy 经 jīng classics / sacred book / pass through / to undergo / scripture 经理 jīng lǐ manager / director 经历 jīng lì experience / go through 井 jǐng warn / well 警察 jǐng chá police / policeman / policewoman 静 jìng still / calm / quiet / not moving 敬爱 jìng ài respect and love 敬礼 jìng lǐ salute 镜子 jìng zi mirror 竞赛 jìng sài race 究竟 jiū jìng after all (when all is said and done) / actually / outcome / result 纠正 jiū zhèng to correct / to make right 救 jiù to save / to assist / to rescue 就 jiù at once / then / right away / only / (emphasis) / to approach / to move towards / to undertake / already 就是 jiù shì (emphasizes that something is precisely or exactly what is stated) / precisely / exactly / even / if / just like / in the same way as 局长 jú zhǎng the chief of a bureau 举行 jǔ xíng to hold (a meeting, ceremony, etc.) 拒绝 jù jué to refuse / to decline / to reject 据说 jù shuō it is said that / reportedly 巨大 jù dà huge / immense / very large / tremendous / gigantic / enormous 具备 jù bèi possess / have / be equipped with / be able to fulfill (conditions or requirements) 具体 jù tǐ concrete / definite / specific 具有 jù yǒu have / possess 距离 jù lí distance / to be apart 距离 jù lí distance / to be apart 俱乐部 jù lè bù club (i.e. a group or organization) 剧场 jù chǎng theater 卷 juǎn coil / to roll 卷 juǎn to roll (up) / to sweep up / to carry on 卷 juàn chapter / examination paper 觉悟 jué wù consciousness / awareness 决 jué breach (a dyke) / to decide / to determine 决心 jué xīn determination / resolution / determined / firm and resolute / to make up one's mind 绝对 jué duì absolute / absolutely 军 jūn army / military / arms 军队 jūn duì army troops 军事 jūn shì military affairs / military matters / military 开放 kāi fàng lift (restrictions) / open / to lift a ban / to make open to the public 开会 kāi huì have a meeting / be at a meeting / to hold or attend a meeting 开课 kāi kè school begins / give a course / teach a subject 开明 kāi míng enlightened / open-minded / enlightenment 开辟 kāi pì to open up / to set up / to start / to build 开演 kāi yǎn (of a play, movie, etc.) to begin 开展 kāi zhǎn (begin to) develop / unfold / to start / to launch / to open 砍 kǎn to chop 看不起 kàn bu qǐ look down upon / despise 看法 kàn fǎ way of looking at a thing / view / opinion 看来 kàn lai apparently / it seems that / it appears / it seems 看样子 kàn yàng zi it seems / it looks as if 扛 gāng lift overhead with both hands 扛 káng carry on one's shoulder 考 kǎo to check / to verify / to test / to examine / to take an entrance exam 考虑 kǎo lǜ to think over / to consider / consideration 烤 kǎo to roast / bake / to broil 靠 kào depend upon / lean on / near / by / against / to support 颗 kē (measure word for small spheres) 科 kē branch of study / administrative section / division / field / branch / stage directions / family (taxonomy) / rules / laws / to mete out (punishment) / to levy (taxes, etc.) / to fine somebody 科学家 kē xué jiā scientist 科学院 kē xué yuàn academy of sciences 科研 kē yán (scientific) research 科长 kē zhǎng section chief 可 kě can / may / able to / certain(ly) / to suit / (particle used for emphasis) 可爱 kě ài amiable / cute / lovely 可靠 kě kào reliable 可怜 kě lián pitiful 可怕 kě pà awful / dreadful / fearful / formidable / frightful / hideous / horrible / terrible / terribly 可以 kě yǐ can / may / possible / able to 克服 kè fú (try to) overcome (hardships, etc) / to conquer / to put up with / to endure 刻 kè quarter (hour) / (a measure word) / to carve / to engrave / to cut / oppressive 刻苦 kè kǔ hardworking / assiduous 客人 kè ren guest 课程 kè chéng course / class 肯 kěn to agree / to consent / to be ready (to do sth) / willing 肯定 kěn dìng to be sure / to be certain / sure / certain / definite / to confirm / to affirm / affirmative 空 kōng air / sky / empty / free time / in vain 空 kòng emptied / leisure 空间 kōng jiān space 空前 kōng qián unprecedented 空中 kōng zhōng in the sky / in the air 恐怕 kǒng pà (I'm) afraid (that) / perhaps / I think 孔 kǒng (surname) / hole 空儿 kòng er spare time / free time 控制 kòng zhì to (have) control (over) / to contain 口袋 kǒu dài pocket 口号 kǒu hào slogan / catchphrase 扣 kòu button 扣 kòu 10 percent / button / detain 裤子 kù zi trousers / pants 跨 kuà step across / step astride 筷子 kuài zi chopsticks 快乐 kuài lè happy / merry 宽 kuān lenient / wide / broad 款 kuǎn section / paragraph / funds 矿 kuàng variant of T:礦|S:矿 / mining / ore 矿 kuàng ore / mine 捆 kǔn a bunch / tie together / bundle 困 kǔn a bunch / tie together 困 kùn distress / sleepy / doze off 困 kùn sleepy / doze off 扩大 kuò dà to expand / to enlarge / to broaden one's scope 垃圾 lā jī (n) trash 来 lái to come 来 lái to come 来不及 lái bu jí there's not enough time (to do sth.) / it's too late (to do sth.) 来得及 lái de jí there's still time / be able to do sth. in time 来信 lái xìn incoming letter / send a letter here 来自 lái zì to come from (a place) 拦 lán cut off / hinder 懒 lǎn lazy 烂 làn overcooked / rotten / soft 狼 láng wolf 朗读 lǎng dú read aloud / read loudly and clearly 浪 làng wave / breaker / unrestrained / dissipated 浪费 làng fèi to waste / to squander 捞 lāo fish up 老是 lǎo shi always 老百姓 lǎo bǎi xìng "ordinary people / the ""person in the street""" 老板 lǎo bǎn boss / business proprietor 老大妈 lǎo dà mā Madam (affectionate term for an elderly woman) 老大娘 lǎo dà niáng aunty / granny 老大爷 lǎo dà yé uncle / grandpa 老虎 lǎo hǔ tiger 老人 lǎo rén old people / the aged 老实 lǎo shí honest / sincere / open and guiless / naive 老头儿 lǎo tóu er (n) old n (often not polite) 乐观 lè guān optimistic / hopeful 雷 léi (surname) / thunder 类 lèi kind / type / class / category / similar / like / to resemble 厘米 lí mǐ centimeter 厘米 lí mǐ centimeter 梨 lí pear 离婚 lí hūn to divorce / to be divorced from (one's wife or husband) 理发 lǐ fā a barber / hairdressing 理解 lǐ jiě to comprehend / understanding / comprehension / to understand 理论 lǐ lùn theory 理想 lǐ xiǎng ideal 理由 lǐ yóu reason / ground(s) / justification 里面 lǐ miàn inside / interior 礼拜天 lǐ bài tiān Sunday 礼貌 lǐ mào courtesy / manners 礼堂 lǐ táng assembly hall / auditorium 厉害 lì hai terrible / formidable / serious / devastating / tough / capable / sharp / severe / fierce 厉害 lì hài severe / strict / ferocious / talented 利益 lì yì benefit / (in someone's) interest 例 lì example / precedent / rule / case / instance 例子 lì zi case / (for) instance / example 立 lì set up / to stand 立场 lì chǎng position / standpoint 立方 lì fāng cube 立即 lì jí immediately 粒 lì a grain / a granule 力 lì power / force / strength 力量 lì liang power / force / strength 力气 lì qi strength 力所能及 lì suǒ néng jí (saying) what you are capable of / within one's powers 联合 lián hé to combine / to join / unite / alliance 联欢 lián huān have a get-together 连 lián (surname) / even / as / join / to link / successively 连忙 lián máng promptly / at once 连续 lián xù continuous / in a row 恋爱 liàn ài to have a love affair / to be in love / to love / love 练 liàn to practice / to train / to perfect (one's skill) / to drill 粮食 liáng shi foodstuffs / cereals 凉 liáng cool / cold 量 liàng capacity / quantity / amount / to estimate 量 liáng to measure 良好 liáng hǎo good / favorable / well / fine 两 liǎng both / two / ounce / some / a few / tael 聊 liáo to chat / to have a chat / to kill time 聊天 liáo tiān to chat / to gossip 了不起 liǎo bu qǐ amazing / terrific / extraordinary 列 liè to arrange / to line up / row / file / series 临 lín to face / to overlook / to arrive / to be (just) about to / just before 临时 lín shí temporary / interim 邻居 lín jū neighbor 零钱 líng qián change (said of money) 铃 líng (small) bell 灵活 líng huó flexible / nimble / agile 领 lǐng neck / collar / to lead / to receive 领袖 lǐng xiù leader 另 lìng other / another / separate / separately 另外 lìng wài additional / in addition / besides / separate / other / moreover / furthermore 流利 liú lì fluent 龙 lóng dragon / imperial / Long (a surname) 楼梯 lóu tī stair / staircase 漏 lòu funnel / to leak / to let out / to divulge 露 lù to show / to reveal / to expose / dew 路上 lù shang (n) road surface / (n) while on a journey 路线 lù xiàn route / (political) course 录 lù to record / to hit / to copy 录像 lù xiàng video recording 录音机 lù yīn jī (tape) recording machine / tape recorder 陆续 lù xù in turn / successively / one after the other / bit by bit 旅馆 lǚ guǎn hotel 旅客 lǚ kè traveler 旅途 lǚ tú journey / trip 略 lüè plan / strategy / outline / summary / slightly / rather / to rob / to plunder / to summarize 轮船 lún chuán steamship 论文 lùn wén paper / treatise / thesis 萝卜 luó bo (n) radish 落 luò alight / to fall / to drop (behind) 落 là leave behind 落后 luò hòu fall behind / lag (technologically, etc.) / backward 码头 mǎ tóu dock / pier / wharf 马虎 mǎ hu (adj) careless; not serious 马克 mǎ kè mark 马路 mǎ lù street / road 骂 mà scold / abuse 埋 mán to blame 埋 mái bury 买卖 mǎi mài buying and selling / business dealings / transactions 迈 mài take a step 馒头 mán tou steamed roll / steamed bun / steamed bread 满足 mǎn zú to satisfy / to meet (the needs of) 猫 māo cat 毛 máo hair / pore / fur / surname / measure word for jiao (0.1 yuan) / dime 毛病 máo bìng fault / defect / shortcomings 毛巾 máo jīn towel 毛衣 máo yī (wool) sweater 矛盾 máo dùn contradictory / contradiction 冒 mào to emit / to give off / to send out (or up, forth) / brave / bold / to cover 贸易 mào yì (commercial) trade 煤 méi coal 煤气 méi qì coal gas / gas 没错 méi cuò I'm quite sure. / You can rest assured. / can't go wrong 没什么 méi shén me (idiom) nothing / (idiom) never mind; it's nothing 没事儿 méi shì er (idiom) to be free from work / (idiom) never mind; it's nothing 没用 méi yòng useless 每 měi each / every 美 měi America / beautiful 美好 měi hǎo happy / fine / OK 美丽 měi lì beautiful 美术 měi shù the fine arts / art 美元 měi yuán American dollar / U.S. dollar 梦 mèng to dream 米 mǐ (measure word) meter / rice 秘密 mì mì secret 蜜蜂 mì fēng bee / honeybee 密 mì secret / confidential / close / thick / dense 密切 mì qiè close / familiar / intimate / frequent 棉花 mián hua cotton 棉衣 mián yī cotton-padded clothes 面 miàn flour / noodles 面 miàn fade / side / surface / aspect / top / face 面 miàn fade / side / surface / aspect / top / face 面 miàn flour / noodles 面积 miàn ji area 面貌 miàn mào appearance / face / features 面前 miàn qián in front of / facing / presence 描写 miáo xiě to describe / to depict / to portray 秒 miǎo (a measure word) / second 庙 miào temple / monastery 妙 miào clever / wonderful 灭 miè extinguish 民主 mín zhǔ democracy 明亮 míng liàng brightness 明确 míng què clear-cut / definite / make clear / clear 明显 míng xiǎn clear / distinct / obvious 名 míng name / (measure word for persons) / place (e.g. among winners) 名胜 míng shèng a place famous for its scenery or historical relics / scenic spot 命令 mìng lìng (an) order or command 命运 mìng yùn fate / destiny 摸 mó imitate / copy 摸 mō feel with the hand / to touch / to stroke / to grope / to feel (one's pulse) 模仿 mó fǎng imitate 模仿 mó fǎng to imitate / to copy 磨 mò grindstone 磨 mó to sharpen / to delay / hardship / to grind / to rub 墨水儿 mò shuir3 ink 某 mǒu (used before measure word and noun) some / (a) certain / so and so 模样 mú yàng (n) look, style / (n) approximation; about 模样 mó yàng appearance 亩 mǔ about 1 / 6 acre (M) 母 mǔ female / mother 木 mù tree / wood 木头 mù tou log / wood / timber 目标 mù biāo target / goal / objective 目的 mù dì purpose / aim / goal / target / objective 哪个 nǎ ge which / who 哪怕 nǎ pà even / even if / even though / no matter how 哪些 nǎ xiē which / who / what 那边 nà bian yonder 奶奶 nǎi nai (informal) father's mother; paternal grandmother 耐心 nài xīn patient (adjective) 耐用 nài yòng durable 南部 nán bù southern part 南方 nán fāng south / the southern part of the country / the South 南面 nán miàn south side / south 男人 nán rén a man / a male / men 难道 nán dào don't tell me ... / could it be that...? 难过 nán guò feel sorry / be grieved 难看 nán kàn ugly / unsightly 难受 nán shòu to feel unwell / to suffer pain / to be difficult to bear 脑袋 nǎo dài (n) person's head / (n) mental capability; brains 脑子 nǎo zi brains / mind 闹 nào make noise or disturbance 内部 nèi bù interior / inside (part, section) / internal 能干 néng gàn capable / competent 能力 néng lì capability / capable / able / ability 能源 néng yuán energy / power source 泥 ní mud / paste / pulp 泥 nì restrained 年代 nián dài a decade of a century (e.g. the Sixties) / age / era / period 年龄 nián líng (a person's) age 年青 nián qīng youthful 鸟 niǎo bird 扭 niǔ to turn / to twist / to grab / to wring 浓 nóng concentrated / dense 弄 lòng lane / alley 弄 nòng to do / to manage / to handle / to play with / to fool with / to mess with / to fix / to toy with 女人 nǚ rén woman 女士 nǚ shì lady / madam 暖 nuǎn warm 暖气 nuǎn qì heater 怕 pà to be afraid / to fear 排 pǎi row of logs or boards 排 pái a platoon / line up 排 pái a platoon / line up 排 pǎi row of logs or boards 牌 pái cards / game pieces / signboard / plate / tablet 盘 pán dish / tray / to build / to check / to examine / to transfer / (a measure word used for dishes of food or coils of wire) / to coil 盘 pán big / wooden tray 盘子 pán zi tray 盼望 pàn wàng to hope for / look forward to 判断 pàn duàn to decide / to determine 旁 páng beside / one side / other / side / self 胖 pàng fat / plump 炮 pào gun / cannon 炮 pào cannon / gun / firecracker 赔 péi lose in trade / pay damage 陪 péi to accompany / to keep sb. company 配合 pèi hé coordinate with / act in concert with 喷 pēn to puff / to spout / to spray / to spurt 喷 pèn fragrant / sneeze 盆 pén basin 捧 pěng hold or offer with both hands 碰见 pèng jiàn to run into / to meet 批 pī to ascertain / (measure word for batches, lots) / to act on / to criticize / to pass on 批判 pī pàn criticize 批准 pī zhǔn to approve / to ratify 披 pī scatter / separate / to open / to unroll / to spread out 脾气 pí qì temperament / disposition / temper 疲劳 pí láo fatigue / wearily / weariness / weary 皮 pí leather / skin / fur 皮肤 pí fū skin 匹 pǐ (measure word for horses, mules, a bolt of cloth) / ordinary person 匹 pī mate / one of a pair 偏 piān one-sided / to lean / to slant / prejudiced / inclined to one side 片面 piàn miàn unilateral / one-sided 骗 piàn to cheat / to swindle / to deceive / to fool 飘 piāo to float 拼命 pīn mìng to be ready to risk one's life (in fighting, work, etc.) 品种 pǐn zhǒng breed / variety 乒乓球 pīng pāng qiú table tennis / ping-pong / ping pong / table tennis ball 平 píng flat / level / equal / to make the same score / to tie / to draw / calm / peaceful 平安 píng ān safe and sound / well / without mishap 平常 píng cháng ordinary / common / usually / ordinarily 平等 píng děng equality 平方 píng fāng square (as in square foot, square mile, square root) 平静 píng jìng tranquil / undisturbed / serene 平均 píng jūn average 平时 píng shí in normal times / in peacetime 平原 píng yuán field / plain 瓶子 píng zi bottle 坡 pō slope 破坏 pò huài wreck / break / destroy 迫切 pò qiè urgent / pressing 扑 pū to assault / to pounce / to rush at something / to throw oneself on 铺 pù a bed / a store 铺 pū to spread 铺 pù a store 朴素 pǔ sù (adj) plain and simple; unadorned / (adj) simple living; not frivolous 普遍 pǔ biàn universal / general / widespread / commonplace 普通 pǔ tōng common / ordinary / general / average 期 qī a period of time / phase / stage / (used for issue of a periodical, courses of study) / time / term / period / to hope 期间 qī jiān period of time / time / time period / period 欺骗 qī piàn to deceive / to cheat 妻子 qī zi wife 其次 qí cì next / secondly 其他 qí tā other / else 其它 qí tā other 其余 qí yú rest / remaining / remainder 其中 qí zhōng among / in 奇怪 qí guài strange / odd 齐 qí (surname) / even / to make even 旗子 qí zi flag / banner 企图 qǐ tú attempt 企业 qǐ yè company / firm / enterprise 启发 qǐ fā enlighten 气 qì gas / air / smell / weather / vital breath / to make sb. angry / to get angry / to be enraged 气 qì air / anger / gas 气候 qì hòu climate / atmosphere / situation 气温 qì wēn air temperature 气象 qì xiàng meteorology / atmosphere 汽油 qì yóu gas / gasoline 牵 qiān lead along / hold hands 千万 qiān wàn ten million / millions and millions / very many / certainly / absolutely 签订 qiān dìng to agree to and sign (a treaty, etc) 前进 qián jìn to go forward / to forge ahead / to advance / onward 前面 qián mian ahead / in front / preceding / above 前年 qián nián the year before last 前天 qián tiān the day before yesterday 前途 qián tú prospects / outlook (for the future) / future 欠 qiàn deficient / owe / to lack / yawn 枪 qiāng rifle / spear 枪 qiāng gun / firearm / rifle / spear 强 qiáng strong / powerful / better / slightly more than / vigorous / violent 强大 qiáng dà large / formidable / powerful / strong 强盗 qiáng dào bandit / robber 强调 qiáng diào to emphasize (a statement) / to stress 强度 qiáng dù strength / intensity 强烈 qiáng liè intense / (violently) strong 抢 qiāng against wind 抢 qiǎng fight over / to rush / to scramble / to grab / to rob / to snatch 敲 qiāo extort / knock / to strike / to knock (at a door) / to hit 悄悄 qiǎo qiǎo quietly 桥梁 qiáo liáng bridge 瞧 qiáo look at 巧 qiǎo opportunely / coincidentally / as it happens / skillful / timely 巧妙 qiǎo miào ingenious / clever 切 qiè close to 切 qiē to cut / to slice 且 qiě further / moreover 侵略 qīn lüè invasion / encroachment 亲爱 qīn ài Dear or beloved (way of starting a letter) 亲戚 qīn qi (a) relative (i.e. family member) 亲切 qīn qiè amiable / friendliness / gracious / hospitality / intimate / cordial / kind / close and dear / familiar 亲自 qīn zì personally 青 qīng nature's color / green or blue / greenish black / youth / young (of people) 轻松 qīng sōng gentle / relaxed 清 qīng clear / distinct / complete / pure / the Ch'ing or Qing dynasty (1644-1911) 情景 qíng jǐng scene / sight / circumstances 情形 qíng xing circumstances / situation 情绪 qíng xù feeling / sentiment 请客 qǐng kè give a dinner party / entertain guests / invite to dinner 请求 qǐng qiú request 庆祝 qìng zhù celebrate 穷 qióng exhausted / poor 球场 qiú chǎng a ground where ball games are played 求 qiú to seek / to look for / to request / to demand / to beseech 区 ōu Ou (surname) 区 qū area / region / district / small / distinguish 区别 qū bié difference / to distinguish / to discriminate / to make a distinction 渠 qú big / stream or canal / drain / ditch 取 qǔ to take / to get / to choose / to fetch 取消 qǔ xiāo cancel 圈 quān circle / ring / loop 圈 juàn pen (pig) / a fold 圈 juān to confine / enclose 全面 quán miàn all-around / comprehensive / total / overall 劝 quàn to advise / to urge / to try to persuade / exhort 缺 quē lack / scarce / vacant post / to run short of 缺点 quē diǎn weak point / fault / shortcoming 缺乏 quē fá shortage / be lacking / to be short of / to lack 缺少 quē shǎo lack / shortage of / to be short (of) / to lack 却 què but / yet / however / while / to go back / to decline / to retreat / nevertheless 确定 què dìng definite / certain / fixed / to fix / to determine / be sure / OK (Windows UI) 裙子 qún zi skirt 群 qún crowd / flock / group 群众 qún zhòng the masses 然而 rán ér however / yet / but 燃烧 rán shāo combustion / flaming / kindle 染 rǎn to catch (a disease) / dye 嚷 rǎng blurt out / to shout 绕 rào go around / to wind (around) 惹 rě to provoke / to exasperate / to annoy 热爱 rè ài ardently love 热烈 rè liè warm (welcome, etc) 热闹 rè nao bustling with noise and excitement / lively 热水瓶 rè shuǐ píng thermos bottle / vacuum bottle 热心 rè xīn enthusiasm / zeal / zealous / zest / enthusiastic / ardent / warmhearted 人才 rén cái talented person 人工 rén gōng artificial / manpower / manual work 人家 rén jiā other people 人口 rén kǒu population 人类 rén lèi humanity / human race / mankind 人民币 rén mín bì Chinese unit of currency / Renminbi 人物 rén wù characters (in a play, novel, etc.) / figure / someone who plays a part 人员 rén yuán staff / crew / personnel 人造 rén zào man-made / artificial / synthetic 忍 rěn to beat / to endure / to tolerate 任务 rèn wu mission / assignment / task / duty / role 认 rèn to recognize / to know / to admit 认得 rèn de know / recognize 扔 rēng throw 仍 réng still / yet / to remain 仍然 réng rán still / yet 日常 rì cháng daily / everyday 日程 rì chéng schedule / itinerary 日记 rì jì diary 日期 rì qī date 日用品 rì yòng pǐn articles for daily use 日元 rì yuán yen 如 rú as (if) / such as 如 rú as (if) / such as 如果 rú guǒ if / in case / in the event that 如何 rú hé how / what way / what 如今 rú jīn nowadays 入 rù to enter 软 ruǎn soft / flexible 弱 ruò weak / feeble / young / inferior 撒 sǎ to scatter 撒 sā let go 洒 sǎ to sprinkle / to spray / to spill / to shed 洒 sǎ spill / sprinkle 赛 sài to compete / competition / match 伞 sǎn umbrella / parasol 嗓子 sǎng zi throat / voice 扫 sǎo to sweep 扫 sào broom 嫂子 sǎo zi (informal) older brother's wife; sister-in-law 色 sè color / look / appearance 色 shǎi color / dice 森林 sēn lín forest 杀 shā to kill / to murder / to slaughter 沙发 shā fā sofa 沙漠 shā mò desert 沙子 shā zi sand / grit 傻 shǎ foolish 晒 shài to sun 晒 shài to sunbathe 山脉 shān mài mountain range 山区 shān qū mountain area 闪 shǎn flash / lightning 善于 shàn yú be good at / be adept in 伤 shāng injure / injury / wound 伤心 shāng xīn grieve 商场 shāng chǎng market / bazaar 商量 shāng liàng consult 商品 shāng pǐn good / commodity / merchandise 商业 shāng yè business / trade / commerce 上班 shàng bān to go to work / to be on duty / to start work / to go to the office 上当 shàng dàng be take in / be fooled / be duped 上级 shàng jí higher authorities / superiors 上面 shàng mian on top of / above-mentioned 上衣 shàng yī jacket / upper outer garment 稍 shāo somewhat / a little 稍微 shāo wēi a little bit 烧 shāo to burn / to cook / to stew / to bake / to roast / fever 勺子 sháo zi scoop / ladle 少数 shǎo shù small number / few / minority 少年 shào nián juvenile / youngster 蛇 shé snake / serpent 舌头 shé tóu tongue 射 shè radio- (chem.) / shoot 设备 shè bèi equipment / facilities / installations 设计 shè jì plan / design / to design / to plan 伸 shēn to stretch / to extend 身 shēn body / torso / person / life / status / pregnancy / (a measure word used for clothes) suit 身边 shēn biān at one's side 深厚 shēn hòu deep / profound 深刻 shēn kè profound / deep / deep-going 深入 shēn rù penetrate deeply / thorough 什么的 shén me de and so on / and what not 神 shén God / unusual / mysterious / soul / spirit / divine essence / lively / spiritual being 神经 shén jīng nerve 生 shēng to be born / to give birth / life / to grow 生 shēng to be born / to give birth / life / to grow 生动 shēng dòng vivid 生命 shēng mìng life (force) 生气 shēng qì angry / mad / offended / to get angry / to be enraged / to take offense 生物 shēng wù living creature / organism / biological 生意 shēng yi business 生长 shēng zhǎng grow 升 shēng promoted 升 shēng to raise / to hoist / to promote / a pint / a liter (abbr. for 公升) 升 shēng ascend / peaceful 绳子 shéng zi cord / string 省 shěng frugal / save / to omit / to leave out / to save (money) / province 省 xǐng comprehend / introspect / visit 胜 shèng victorious 胜 shēng (also sheng4) able to do / competent enough to 失败 shī bài be defeated 失去 shī qù to lose 失望 shī wàng be disappointed / to lose hope / to despair 失业 shī yè unemployment 狮子 shī zi lion 施工 shī gōng construction 湿 shī moist / wet 诗 shī poem / poetry / verse 石头 shí tou stone 石油 shí yóu oil / petroleum 拾 shí pick up / ten (fraud-proof) 时代 shí dài age / era / epoch / period 时刻 shí kè moment 时期 shí qī a period in time or history / period / time (interval) / phase 食品 shí pǐn foodstuff / food / provisions 食物 shí wù food 实际 shí jì actual / reality / practice 实事求是 shí shì qiú shì to seek truth from facts / to be practical and realistic 实行 shí xíng implement / carry out / to put into practice 试验 shì yàn experiment / test / experimental 实用 shí yòng practical / functional / pragmatic / applied (science) 实在 shí zài in reality / honestly / really / verily / concrete 使 shǐ to make / to cause / to enable / to use / to employ / messenger 始终 shǐ zhōng from beginning to end / all along 世纪 shì jì century 事件 shì jiàn event / happening / incident 事实 shì shí (the) fact (that) 事物 shì wù thing / object 事先 shì xiān in advance / before(hand) / prior 事业 shì yè cause / undertaking / enterprise / plant 适当 shì dàng suitable / appropriate 适合 shì hé to fit / to suit 适应 shì yìng suit / fit / be suitable / to adapt 使用 shǐ yòng to use / to employ / to apply / to make use of 市场 shì chǎng market 室 shì room 试卷 shì juàn examination paper / test paper 试验 shì yàn experiment / test / experimental 收获 shōu huò a crop (in agriculture) / a harvest / an acquisition / profit / gain / success 收入 shōu rù to take in / income / revenue 收音机 shōu yīn jī radio 手段 shǒu duàn method / mean (of doing sth) 手工 shǒu gōng handwork / manual 手帕 shǒu pà handkerchief 手术 shǒu shù surgical operation / operation / surgery 手套 shǒu tào glove / mitten 手续 shǒu xù formalities 手指 shǒu zhǐ finger 首 shǒu head / chief / first (occasion) / first (thing) / measure word for poems 首先 shǒu xiān first (of all) / in the first place 受 shòu to bear / to stand / to endure / (passive marker) / to receive 瘦 shòu tight / thin / lean 蔬菜 shū cài vegetables / produce 叔叔 shū shu (informal) father's younger brother; uncle 舒适 shū shì cozy / snug 书包 shū bāo schoolbag / satchel 书店 shū diàn bookstore 书记 shū ji secretary / clerk 书架 shū jià bookshelf 熟练 shú liàn practiced / proficient / skilled / skillful 熟悉 shú xī to be familiar with / to know well 暑假 shǔ jià summer vacation 属于 shǔ yú be classified as / to belong to / to be part of 树林 shù lín woods / grove / forest 数 shǔ to count 数 shù number / figure / to count / to calculate / several 数 shuò frequently / repeatedly 数量 shù liàng amount / quantity 数字 shù zì number / figure / amount / digital (electronics, etc) / numeral / digit 刷 shuā brush / to swipe (a card) 刷 shuà to select 摔 shuāi throw on ground / to fall 甩 shuǎi to throw off / to fling 率领 shuài lǐng lead / command / head 双方 shuāng fāng bilateral / both sides / both parties involved 水稻 shuǐ dào rice / paddy 水泥 shuǐ ní cement 顺 shùn to obey / to follow / to arrange / to make reasonable / along / favorable 顺便 shùn biàn conveniently / in passing 顺利 shùn lì smoothly / without a hitch 撕 sī to tear 私 sī personal / private / selfish 私人 sī rén private (citizen) / private 司机 sī jī chauffeur / driver 丝 sī silk / thread / trace 似乎 sì hū apparently / to seem / to appear / as if / seemingly 松 sōng loose / pine 松 sōng loose 送行 sòng xíng to see someone off 速度 sù dù speed / rate / velocity 塑料 sù liào plastics 算了 suàn le let it be / let it pass 随 suí to follow / to comply with / to allow / (surname) 随便 suí biàn as one wishes / as one pleases / casual 随时 suí shí at any time 碎 suì to break down / to break into pieces / fragmentary 损失 sǔn shī a (financial, etc.) loss / to lose 缩 suō to withdraw / to pull back / to contract / to shrink / to reduce 所 suǒ actually / place / (measure word for houses, small buildings and institutions) 所 suǒ actually / place / (measure word for houses, small buildings and institutions) 所谓 suǒ wèi so-called 塔 tǎ pagoda / tower 台 tái (measure word) / platform / stage / terrace / stand / support / desk / station / broadcasting station 台 tái desk / platform 台 tái surname / (classical) you (in letters) / platform / Taiwan (abbr.) 太太 tài tai married woman / Mrs. / Madam / wife 谈话 tán huà talk / conversation 谈判 tán pàn to negotiate / negotiation / conference 弹 dàn crossball / bullet / shot / shell / ball 弹 tán impeach / to pluck a string / to play (a stringed musical instrument with fingers) 毯子 tǎn zi a blanket 探 tàn to explore / to search out / to scout / to visit 趟 tàng a time / a trip / to tread (a path) 烫 tàng to scald / to burn / to iron / hot 掏 tāo fish out (from pocket) 掏 tāo fish out (from pocket) 逃 táo to escape / to run away / to flee 讨厌 tǎo yàn disgusting / troublesome / nasty / to hate (doing something) 套 tào to cover / covering / case / cover / (a measure word, a set of something) / sheath 特此 tè cǐ hereby 特点 tè diǎn characteristic (feature) / trait / feature 特殊 tè shū special / particular / unusual / extraordinary 提倡 tí chàng to promote / to advocate 提供 tí gōng to supply / to provide / to furnish 提前 tí qián to shift to an earlier date / to bring forward / to advance 题 tí topic / subject / to inscribe / to superscribe 题目 tí mù subject / title / topic 体会 tǐ huì know (through learning or by experience) 体积 tǐ jī volume / bulk 体系 tǐ xì system / setup 体育场 tǐ yù chǎng stadium 体育馆 tǐ yù guǎn gym / gymnasium / stadium 替 tì to substitute for / to take the place of / to replace / for / on behalf of / to stand in for 天真 tiān zhēn naive / innocent / artless 添 tiān to add / to increase / to replenish 填 tián to fill in 田 tián (surname) / field / farm 田野 tián yě field / open land 甜 tián sweet 挑 tiǎo incite 挑 tiāo carry on a pole / choose 条约 tiáo yuē treaty / pact 调整 tiáo zhěng adjustment / revision 贴 tiē to stick / to paste / to keep close to / to fit snugly / subsidize / allowance 铁 tiě iron 铁路 tiě lù railroad / railway 听讲 tīng jiǎng attend a lecture / listen to a talk 停止 tíng zhǐ to stop / to halt / to cease 通讯 tōng xùn communications / a news story (e.g. dispatched over the wire) 同 tóng like / same / similar / together / alike / with 同 tóng like / same / similar / together / alike / with 同情 tóng qíng compassion / relent / sympathize / sympathy 同屋 tóng wū roommate 同样 tóng yàng same / equal / equivalent 铜 tóng copper 桶 tǒng pail / bucket / bin / barrel 统一 tǒng yī to unify / to unite / to integrate 统治 tǒng zhì (political) rule (over) / to rule / to dominate / rule / domination 痛 tòng ache / pain / sorrow 痛苦 tòng kǔ pain / suffering / painful 偷 tōu to steal / to pilfer 偷偷 tōu tōu stealthily / secretly / covertly / on the sly 投 tóu to throw / to send 投入 tóu rù put into operation / throw into battle / to put into 头 tou suff. for nouns 头 tóu head 头发 tóu fa hair (on the head) 透 tòu to penetrate / thorough / penetrating / to pass through / to pierce 突出 tū chū prominent / give prominence to 突击 tū jī make a sudden and violent attack / do a crash job 图 tú diagram / to plan / picture / drawing / chart 涂 tú to smear / daub 涂 tú (surname) / to smear / daub / to apply (paint) / to spread 土 tǔ earth / dust / clay / (crude) opium / Surname / local / indigenous 土地 tǔ dì land / territory 土豆 tǔ dòu potato 吐 tǔ to spit 吐 tù vomit 吐 tǔ to spit 吐 tù vomit 兔子 tù zi hare / rabbit 团 tuán dumpling 团 tuán regiment / round / circular / group / society 推动 tuī dòng to push (for acceptance of a plan) / to push forward / to promote 推广 tuī guǎng popularize / make more widespread 拖 tuō dragging (brush stroke in painting) / to drag along 托 tuō to hold in one's hand / to entrust / to support in one's palm 托 tuō entrust 脱离 tuō lí separate / break away 挖 wā to dig / to excavate / to scoop out 哇 wā sound of child's crying 歪 wāi askew 外地 wài dì parts of the country other than where one is / foreign lands 外交 wài jiāo diplomacy / diplomatic / foreign affairs 外面 wài mian outside 弯 wān bend / bent 完整 wán zhěng complete / intact / integrity 网球 wǎng qiú tennis 往往 wǎng wǎng often / frequently 望 wàng hope / expect / to visit / to gaze (into the distance) / look towards / towards 忘记 wàng jì forget 微笑 wēi xiào smile 危害 wēi hài to jeopardize / to harm / to endanger 危机 wēi jī crisis 违反 wéi fǎn to violate (a law, e.g.) 围 wéi to circle / to surround 围绕 wéi rǎo revolve around / center on (an issue) 维护 wéi hù to defend / to safeguard / to protect / to uphold / to maintain 委员 wěi yuán committee member / committee / council 尾巴 wěi ba tail 未 wèi 1-3 p.m. / 8th earthly branch / not yet / did not / have not / not 未来 wèi lái future / tomorrow / approaching / coming / pending 味道 wèi dao flavor 胃 wèi stomach 喂 wèi (interjection) hello / to feed (someone or some animal) / hey / telephone greeting 喂 wèi to feed 位置 wèi zhi position / place / seat 卫生 wèi shēng health / hygiene / sanitation 卫星 wèi xīng (space) satellite 温度 wēn dù temperature 温暖 wēn nuǎn warm 文件 wén jiàn document / file 文明 wén míng civilized / civilization / culture 文物 wén wù cultural relic / historical relic 文字 wén zì character 闻 wén (surname) / to hear / sniff at / to smell 稳 wěn settled / steady / stable 稳定 wěn dìng stable / steady 问候 wèn hòu give someone one's respects / send a greeting 握 wò shake hands / to hold / to grasp 污染 wū rǎn pollution 屋 wū house / room 无 wú -less / not to have / no / none / not / to lack / un- 无论 wú lùn no matter what|how / regardless of whether... / of course 无数 wú shù countless / numberless / innumerable 无限 wú xiàn unlimited / unbounded 武器 wǔ qì weapon / arms 武术 wǔ shù wushu, martial arts such as shadow-boxing, swordplay, etc. 雾 wù fog / mist 物价 wù jià (commodity) prices 物质 wù zhì matter / substance / material / materialistic 误会 wù huì to misunderstand / to mistake / misunderstanding 西北 xī běi northwest 西部 xī bù western part 西餐 xī cān Western-style food 西方 xī fāng the West / the Occident / Western countries 西瓜 xī guā watermelon 西红柿 xī hóng shì tomato 西南 xī nán southwest 西面 xī miàn west side / west 吸 xī to breathe / to suck in / to absorb / to inhale 吸收 xī shōu absorb / assimilate 吸烟 xī yān to smoke 吸引 xī yǐn attract (interest, investment, etc.) 牺牲 xī shēng sacrifice (one's life, etc.) 洗衣机 xǐ yī jī washer / washing machine 系统 xì tǒng system 戏 xì trick / drama / play / show 细菌 xì jūn bacterial / virus / germ 细心 xì xīn careful / attentive 下班 xià bān to come or go or get off work 下面 xià mian below / next / the following / under / below 吓 xià to frighten / to scare / to intimidate / to threaten 掀 xiān lift (cover) 先后 xiān hòu early or late / priority / in succession / one after another 先进 xiān jìn advanced (technology) / to advance 鲜 xiān fresh 鲜 xiǎn few / rare 鲜花 xiān huā fresh flowers 纤维 xiān wéi fiber 闲 xián to stay idle / to be unoccupied / not busy / leisure / enclosure 显得 xiǎn de appear (to be) / seem 显然 xiǎn ran clear / evident / obvious 显然 xiǎn rán obviously 现代化 xiàn dài huà modernization 现实 xiàn shí reality / actuality / real / actual 现象 xiàn xiàng appearance / phenomenon 献 xiàn to offer 县 xiàn a district / county / prefecture (in Japan) 羡慕 xiàn mù envious / envy / admire 限制 xiàn zhì (impose) restrictions / to limit / to bound / to restrict 线 xiàn thread / string / wire / line 线 xiàn a thread / a string / a wire / a thread 相 xiàng appearance / portrait / picture 相 xiāng each other / one another / mutually 相当 xiāng dāng equivalent to / appropriate / considerably / to a certain extent / fairly 相反 xiāng fǎn opposite / contrary 相互 xiāng hù each other / mutual 相似 xiāng sì to resemble / similar / like / resemblance / similarity 相同 xiāng tóng identical / same 香肠 xiāng cháng sausage 香皂 xiāng zào perfumed soap / toilet soap 箱子 xiāng zi suitcase / chest / box / case / trunk 箱子 xiāng zǐ bin 乡 xiāng country / village 乡下 xiāng xià country (as opposed to town or city) / rural 详细 xiáng xì detailed / in detail / minute 想法 xiǎng fǎ idea / what (someone) is thinking / to think of a way (to do sth) 想念 xiǎng niàn miss / remember with longing / long to see again 想象 xiǎng xiàng to imagine / to fancy 响应 xiǎng yìng respond to / answer 享受 xiǎng shòu to enjoy (rights, benefits, etc.) 项 xiàng (surname) / back of neck / item / thing 项目 xiàng mù item / project / sports event 象 xiàng shape / form / appearance / elephant / image under a map (math.) 消费 xiāo fèi to consume 消化 xiāo huà digest / digestion / digestive 消灭 xiāo miè perish / cause to perish / annihilation (in quantum field theory) 消失 xiāo shī disappear / fade away 晓得 xiǎo de to know 小伙子 xiǎo huǒ zi lad / young fellow / youngster 小麦 xiǎo mài wheat 小朋友 xiǎo péng yǒu children 小说 xiǎo shuō novel / fiction / {CL 篇} 小心 xiǎo xīn to be careful / to take care 小学 xiǎo xué primary school 校长 xiào zhǎng (college, university) president / schoolmaster 笑话 xiào huà joke / jest 效果 xiào guǒ result / effect 效率 xiào lǜ efficiency 歇 xiē to rest 斜 xié slanting 血 xuè blood 血 xiě blood 新鲜 xīn xiān fresh (experience, food, etc.) / freshness 心得 xīn dé knowledge gained 心情 xīn qíng mood / frame of mind 心脏 xīn zàng heart 信 xìn letter / true / to believe / sign / evidence 信心 xìn xīn confidence / faith (in someone or something) 星星 xīng xing (n) star in the sky 兴奋 xīng fèn (be) excited 形成 xíng chéng to form / to take shape 形容 xíng róng describe / look or appearance 形式 xíng shì form / shape / situation / circumstance 形势 xíng shì circumstances / situation / terrain 形象 xíng xiàng image / form / figure 形状 xíng zhuàng form / shape 行 xíng all right / capable / competent / OK / okay / to go / to do / to travel / temporary / to walk / to go / will do 行 xìng behavior / conduct 行 háng a row / profession / professional 行动 xíng dòng operation / action / to move / mobile 行李 xíng li luggage 醒 xǐng to wake up / to be awake 兴趣 xìng qu interest (directed towards, not inherent in something) 性 xìng sex / nature / surname / suffix corresponding to -ness or -ity 性格 xìng gé nature / disposition / temperament / character 性质 xìng zhì nature / characteristic 姓名 xìng míng name and surname 兄弟 xiōng dì brothers / younger brother / brethren 胸 xiōng chest / bosom / heart / mind / thorax 雄 xióng heroic / male 雄伟 xióng wěi grand 熊猫 xióng māo panda 修 xiū to decorate / to embellish / to repair / to build / to study / to write / to cultivate 修改 xiū gǎi amend / alter 修理 xiū lǐ repair / perform maintenance / to overall / to fix 虚心 xū xīn modest 许 xǔ to allow / to permit / to praise / (surname) 宣布 xuān bù to declare / to announce / to proclaim 宣传 xuān chuán to publicize / propaganda 选 xuǎn to choose / to pick / to select / to elect 选举 xuǎn jǔ to elect / election 选择 xuǎn zé to select / to pick / to choose / to make a choice 学 xué learn / study / science / -ology 学费 xué fèi tuition fee / tuition 学期 xué qī term / semester 学术 xué shù learning / science / academic 学问 xué wèn learning / knowledge 血液 xuè yè blood 寻找 xún zhǎo to seek / to look for 训练 xùn liàn drill / exercise / train / training 迅速 xùn sù rapid / speedy / fast 压 yā to press / to push down / to keep under (control) 压 yà in the first place / to crush 压迫 yā pò oppress / oppression 牙 yá tooth / ivory 牙刷 yá shuā toothbrush 盐 yán salt 严格 yán gé strict / stringent / tight / rigorous 严肃 yán sù solemn / solemnity 严重 yán zhòng grave / serious / severe / critical 研究所 yán jiū suǒ research institute 延长 yán cháng extend / prolong 沿 yán along 沿 yàn riverside (with -r) 眼 yǎn eye 眼镜 yǎn jìng spectacles / eyeglasses 眼泪 yǎn lèi tear 眼前 yǎn qián now / present 演 yǎn to develop / to evolve / to practice / to perform / to play / to act 演员 yǎn yuán actor or actress / performer 咽 yàn to swallow 咽 yān narrow pass / throat 咽 yè to choke (in crying) 阳光 yáng guāng sunshine 氧 yǎng oxygen 仰 yǎng look up 养 yǎng give birth / keep (pets) / to support / to bring sb. up / to raise (pig, etc.) 样 yàng manner / pattern / way / appearance / shape 邀请 yāo qǐng invite 腰 yāo waist 摇 yáo shake / to rock 咬 yǎo bite / nip 要紧 yào jǐn important / urgent 爷爷 yé ye (informal) father's father; paternal grandfather 业务 yè wù business / profession 业余 yè yú spare time / amateur 叶子 yè zi foliage / leaf 夜晚 yè wǎn night 一 yī one / 1 / single / a(n) 一半 yī bàn half 一边 yī biān one side / either side / on the one hand / on the other hand / doing while 一道 yī dào together 一齐 yī qí at the same time / simultaneously 一生 yì shēng all one's life / throughout one's life 一时 yì shí temporary / momentary 一同 yī tóng along / together 一下子 yí xià zi in a short while / all at once / all of a sudden 一致 yī zhì unanimous / identical (views or opinions) 医务室 yī wù shì clinic 医学 yī xué medicine / medical science / study of medicine 依靠 yī kào rely on (for support, etc) / depend on 移 yí to move / to shift / to change / to alter / to remove 移动 yí dòng mobile / movement / to move / to shift / migration 仪器 yí qì (scientific, etc) instrument 疑问 yí wèn interrogation / interrogative / query 已 yǐ already / to stop / then / afterwards 以 yǐ to use / according to / so as to / in order to / by / with / because / Israel (abbrev.) 以及 yǐ jí as well as / too / and 以来 yǐ lái since (a previous event) 以内 yǐ nèi within / less than 以上 yǐ shàng more than / above / over / the above-mentioned 以外 yǐ wài apart from / other than / except for / external / outside of 以下 yǐ xià below / under / following 意外 yì wài unexpected 意志 yì zhì (n) / will / willpower 议论 yì lùn to comment / to talk about / to discuss / discussion 异常 yì cháng exceptional / abnormal 因此 yīn cǐ that is why / for that reason / therefore / for this reason 因而 yīn ér therefore / as a result / thus / and as a result, ... 因素 yīn sù element / factor 银 yín silver 引起 yǐn qǐ to give rise to / to lead to / to cause / to arouse 印 yìn stamp / seal / mark / print / India (abbrev.) 印刷 yìn shuà print 印象 yìn xiàng impression 英雄 yīng xióng hero 英勇 yīng yǒng bravery / gallant / valiant 应 yìng (surname) / to answer / to respond 应 yīng ought 应当 yīng dāng should / ought to 营养 yíng yǎng nutrition / nourishment 营业 yíng yè to do business / to trade 迎接 yíng jiē to meet / to welcome / to greet 影子 yǐng zi shadow / reflection 应用 yìng yòng to use / to apply / application / applicable 硬 yìng hard / stiff / strong / firm 拥抱 yōng bào to embrace / to hug 拥护 yōng hù to endorse / to support 勇敢 yǒng gǎn brave 勇气 yǒng qì courage / valor 用不着 yòng bu zháo not need / have no use for 用处 yòng chu usefulness 用功 yòng gōng diligent / industrious (in one's studies) / to study hard / to make great effort 用力 yòng lì exert oneself (physically) / put forth one's strength 优点 yōu diǎn merit / strong point 优良 yōu liáng fine / good 优美 yōu měi graceful / fine / elegant 优秀 yōu xiù outstanding / excellent 悠久 yōu jiǔ established / long 由 yóu follow / from / it is for...to / reason / cause / because of / due to / by / to / to leave it (to sb) 由于 yóu yú due to / as a result of / thanks to / because of / owing to 油 yóu oil / sly 游览 yóu lǎn to go sight-seeing / to tour / to visit 游泳池 yóu yǒng chí swimming pool 有的是 yǒu de shì have plenty of / there's no lack of 有点儿 yǒu diǎn er (adv) slightly; little; somewhat 有关 yǒu guān to have something to do with / to relate to / to concern / concerning / related to 有利 yǒu lì advantageous / to have advantages / favorable 有力 yǒu lì powerful / forceful / vigorous 有趣 yǒu qù interesting / fascinating / amusing 有时 yǒu shí sometimes / now and then 有效 yǒu xiào effective / in effect / valid 有用 yǒu yòng useful 右边 yòu biān right (as opposed to left) 于 yú (surname) 于 yú in / at / to / from / by / than / out of 于是 yú shì thereupon / as a result / consequently / thus / hence 雨衣 yǔ yī raincoat 与 yù take part in 与 yǔ and / to give / together with 与 yú (interrog. part.) 语调 yǔ diào intonation 语气 yǔ qì tone / manner of speaking / mood 语音 yǔ yīn voice 羽毛球 yǔ máo qiú badminton 玉米 yù mǐ corn / maize 遇 yù meet with 遇见 yù jiàn meet 预备 yù bèi to prepare / to make ready / preparation / preparatory 员 yuán person / employee / member 原料 yuán liào raw material 原因 yuán yīn cause / origin / root cause / reason 原则 yuán zé principle 圆珠笔 yuán zhū bǐ ball point pen 愿望 yuàn wàng desire / wish 院 yuàn courtyard / institution 院长 yuàn zhǎng president (of a university, etc.) / department head / dean 院子 yuàn zi courtyard 约 yuē appointment / agreement / to arrange / to restrict / approximately 约 yāo weigh 约会 yuē huì appointment / engagement 阅读 yuè dú to read / reading 阅览室 yuè lǎn shì reading room 允许 yǔn xǔ to permit / to allow 运 yùn to move / to transport / to use / to apply / fortune / luck / fate 运动会 yùn dòng huì a sports competition 运动员 yùn dòng yuán athlete 运输 yùn shū transit / transport 运用 yùn yòng to use / to put to use 杂 zá mixed / miscellaneous / various / to mix 杂技 zá jì acrobatics 灾 zāi disaster / calamity 灾害 zāi hài disastrous damage / scourge 暂时 zàn shí temporary / provisional 赞成 zàn chéng approve / endorse 遭到 zāo dào suffer / meet with (something unfortunate) 遭受 zāo shòu suffer / sustain (loss, misfortune) 糟糕 zāo gāo too bad / how terrible / what bad luck / terrible / bad 造 zào to make / to build / to invent / to manufacture 造句 zào jù sentence-making 责任 zé rèn responsibility / blame / duty 则 zé (expresses contrast with a previous sentence or clause) / standard / norm / rule / to imitate / to follow / then / principle 增长 zēng zhǎng grow / increase 扎 zhā to prick / to run or stick (a needle, etc.) into 扎 zā tie with string or ribbon / bind with rope or cord / to stop 扎 zā to tie / to bind 扎 zhá penetrating (as of cold) / struggle 摘 zhāi to borrow / to pick (flowers, fruit) / to pluck / to take / to select 窄 zhǎi narrow 粘 zhān to stick / paste 粘 nián sticky 展出 zhǎn chū to put on display / to be on show / to exhibit 展开 zhǎn kāi to unfold / to carry out / to be in full swing / to launch 展览会 zhǎn lǎn huì exhibition / show 战斗 zhàn dòu to fight / to battle 战胜 zhàn shèng prevail / surmount 战士 zhàn shì fighter / soldier / warrior 战争 zhàn zhēng war / conflict 章 zhāng (surname) / chapter / seal / section 涨 zhàng to swell / distend 涨 zhǎng to rise (of prices, rivers) 丈 zhàng ten feet 丈夫 zhàng fu husband 招待 zhāo dài to receive (guests) / to entertain / reception 招待会 zhāo dài huì (press) conference / reception 招呼 zhāo hu (v) call out to sb / (v) greet sb / (v) inform sb; instruct sb to do sth / (v) take care of sb 着 zhe -ing part. (indicates an action in progress) / part. coverb-forming after some verbs 着 zhù to make known / to show / to prove / to write / book / outstanding 着 zhe -ing part. (indicates an action in progress) / part. coverb-forming after some verbs 着 zhāo catch / receive / suffer 着 zhuó to wear (clothes) / to contact / to use / to apply 着 zhāo catch / receive / suffer 着 zháo part. indicates the successful result of a verb / to touch / to come in contact with / to feel / to be affected by / to catch fire / to fall asleep / to burn 着 zhù to make known / to show / to prove / to write / book / outstanding 着 zháo part. indicates the successful result of a verb / to touch / to come in contact with / to feel / to be affected by / to catch fire / to fall asleep / to burn 着 zhuó to wear (clothes) / to contact / to use / to apply 照 zhào according to / in accordance with / to shine / to illuminate / to reflect / photograph 照常 zhào cháng (business, etc) as usual 照片 zhào piàn photograph / picture 召开 zhào kāi convene (a conference or meeting) / to convoke / to call together 折 zhé to fold (a document) / to turn / to bend 折 shé broken (as of rope, stick) 折 zhé tenth (in price) / to break / to fold / to turn 哲学 zhé xué philosophy 这边 zhè biān this side / here 真理 zhēn lǐ truth 真实 zhēn shí true / real 针 zhēn injection / needle / pin 针 zhēn needle 针对 zhēn duì in connection with / directed towards / to direct at / to aim at / to point against 阵 zhèn disposition of troops / short period / wave / spate / burst / spell 征 zhēng attack / levy (troops or taxes) / journey / trip / expedition 征求 zhēng qiú solicit / seek / ask for 争 zhēng struggle / fight 争论 zhēng lùn to argue / to debate / to contend / argument / contention / controversy / debate 争取 zhēng qǔ fight for / compete for (a prize) / to struggle 整个 zhěng gè whole / entire / total 整理 zhěng lǐ arrange / sort out / list systematically 正 zhèng just (right) / main / upright / straight / correct / principle 正 zhēng Chinese 1st month of year 正常 zhèng cháng regular / normal / ordinary 正好 zhèng hǎo just (in time) / just right / just enough / to happen to / to chance to / by chance / it just so happens that 正式 zhèng shì formal / official 政策 zhèng cè policy 证明 zhèng míng proof / testimony / prove / confirm the truth of 支持 zhī chí to be in favor of / to support / to back / support / backing / to stand by 支援 zhī yuán provide assistance or backing / to support / to back 之后 zhī hòu after(wards) / following / later / after 之前 zhī qián before / prior to / ago 之上 zhī shàng above 之下 zhī xià under / beneath / less than 之一 zhī yī one of (sth) / one out of a multitude / one (third, quarter, percent, etc.) 之中 zhī zhōng inside 织 zhī weave 职工 zhí gōng workers / staff 职业 zhí yè job occupation / profession 直 zhí straight / vertical / frank / directly / straightly / upright 直 zhí straight / vertical / frank / directly / straightly / upright 直到 zhí dào until 直接 zhí jiē direct (opposite of indirect) / immediate / directly / straightforward 植物 zhí wù botanical / plant / vegetation 执行 zhí xíng implement / carry out / to execute / to run 值得 zhí de to be worth / to deserve 指出 zhǐ chū to indicate / to point out 指导 zhǐ dǎo to guide / (give) directions / to direct 指挥 zhǐ huī to conduct / to command / to direct 指示 zhǐ shì point out / (give) directives or instructions 止 zhǐ to stop / toe 只是 zhǐ shì merely / simply / only / but 只要 zhǐ yào if only / so long as 只有 zhǐ yǒu only 至 zhì arrive / most / to / until 至今 zhì jīn until now 至少 zhì shǎo (to say the) least / (at the very) least 制定 zhì dìng to draw up / to formulate 制订 zhì dìng work out / formulate 制度 zhì dù (political or administrative) system or institution 制造 zhì zào to manufacture / to make 秩序 zhì xù order (orderly) / order (sequence) 质量 zhì liàng quality / mass (in physics) 治 zhì to rule / to govern / to manage / to control / to harness (a river) / cure / treatment / to heal 中餐 zhōng cān Chinese meat / Chinese food 中心 zhōng xīn center / heart / core 中央 zhōng yāng central / middle / center 中药 zhōng yào (traditional) Chinese medicine 终于 zhōng yú at last / in the end / finally / eventually 种子 zhǒng zi seed 种 zhǒng kind / type / race / breed / seed / species (taxonomy) 种 zhòng to plant / to cultivate 重大 zhòng dà great / important / major / significant 重点 zhòng diǎn emphasis / focal point 重量 zhòng liàng weight 重视 zhòng shì importance / to pay attention to / attach importance to / value 周到 zhōu dào thoughtful / considerate 株 zhū (a measure word, use with plants) / trunk of tree 逐步 zhú bù progressively / step by step 逐渐 zhú jiàn gradually 竹子 zhú zi bamboo 煮 zhǔ to cook / to boil 主动 zhǔ dòng (to take the) initiative 主观 zhǔ guān subjective 主人 zhǔ rén master / host 主任 zhǔ rèn director / head 主席 zhǔ xí chairperson / premier / chairman 主张 zhǔ zhāng to advocate / to stand for / view / position / stand / proposition / viewpoint / assertion 著名 zhù míng famous / noted / well-known / celebrated 住院 zhù yuàn to be in hospital / to be hospitalized 祝贺 zhù hè to congratulate / congratulations 抓 zhuā to grab / to catch / to arrest / to snatch 抓紧 zhuā jǐn grasp 专家 zhuān jiā expert / specialist 专门 zhuān mén specialist / specialized / customized 专心 zhuān xīn absorption / concentrate / concentrate / concentration / engrossed 专业 zhuān yè specialized field 转 zhuàn to revolve / to turn / to circle about / to walk about 转 zhuǎn to convey / to forward (mail) / to transfer / to turn / to shift 转变 zhuǎn biàn change / transform 转告 zhuǎn gào pass on / communicate / transmit 转 zhuàn to revolve / to turn / to circle about / to walk about 转 zhuǎn to convey / to forward (mail) / to transfer / to turn / to shift 庄稼 zhuāng jia (n) farm crops 庄严 zhuāng yán stately 撞 zhuàng to hit / to strike / to meet by accident / to run into / to bump against / to bump into 状况 zhuàng kuàng condition / state / situation 状态 zhuàng tài state of affairs / state / mode 追 zhuī pursue (a problem) / to chase 准 zhǔn accurate / standard 准 zhǔn to allow / to grant / to permit / accurate / standard 准确 zhǔn què accurate / exact / precise 准时 zhǔn shí on time / punctual / on schedule 捉 zhuō to clutch / to grab / to capture 资料 zī liào data / material 资源 zī yuán (natural) resources 紫 zǐ purple 仔细 zǐ xì careful / attentive / cautious 自 zì from / self / oneself / since 自从 zì cóng since (a time) / ever since 自动 zì dòng automatic 自费 zì fèi (be) at one's own expense 自觉 zì jué conscious / aware / on one's own initiative 自然 zì rán nature / natural / naturally 自我 zì wǒ self- 自学 zì xué self-study / study on one's own 自由 zì yóu freedom / free / liberty 综合 zōng hé composite / synthesized / to sum up / to integrate / to synthesize 总结 zǒng jié summarize / summary 总理 zǒng lǐ premier / prime minister 总统 zǒng tǒng president (of a country) 走道 zǒu dào pavement / sidewalk / path / walk / footpath 组 zǔ to form / compose / make up / group / to organize / cord 钻 zuān enter (a hole) / probe 钻 zuàn an auger / diamond 钻研 zuān yán study intensively / dig into 醉 zuì intoxicated 最好 zuì hǎo best / (you) had better (do what we suggest) 尊敬 zūn jìng respect / respectfully / revere / reverence 遵守 zūn shǒu comply with / respect (an agreement) 左边 zuǒ biān left 左右 zuǒ yòu about / approximately / left and right / around 做法 zuò fǎ way of doing things / a (regular) practice / a behavior 做客 zuò kè to be a guest or visitor 做梦 zuò mèng dream / have a dream 作家 zuò jiā author 作品 zuò pǐn works (of art) 作为 zuò wéi accomplish / action / to regard (sth as sth) / to look upon (sth as) / conduct 作文 zuò wén composition 作用 zuò yòng action / activity / actions / acts / effect / to play a role 作者 zuò zhě author / writer 坐班 zuò bān keep office hours 座谈 zuò tán have a informal discussion 座位 zuò wèi seat