| Patrician | Wealthy landowning class, desendants of Etruskans, ruling senate |
| Plebeian | Working class, common people |
| Senate | Governing council |
| Consul | one of two officials who led the government in the ancient Roman republic |
| Dictator | a ruler who is unconstrained by law |
| Legion | fighting army |
| Veto | "I forbid" |
| Citezen | A person who has politcal power in a democracy |
| 12 tables | 12 laws; the earliest Roman code of laws |
| Tribunes | Chosen representatives by patricians Assembly of tribes elected them. |
| Censors | made up of senators, they assign the people classes |
| SPQR | Roman motto "senatus Poulusque Romanus" |
| Assembly of Centuries | Imperium, Voting population of senate comprised of citizens over 18. |
| Praetor | an annually elected magistrate of the ancient Roman Republic |
| Phalanx | Tight military formation of men eight or more ranks deep |
| Republic | Type of democracy where citezens , A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting |