| absolute monarch | ruler with complete control over the government and the lives of the people. |
| animism | the idea that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls |
| anti-Semitism | Prejudice against jews. |
| apartheid | Separating Blacks from Whites in South Africa, limiting black rights |
| appeasement | policy of giving in to keep peace |
| assimilation | The adoption of a different culture and customs either by force or voluntarily. |
| barter | exchange goods without involving money |
| Boer War | (1899-1902) Conflict between British and Dutch colonists in South Africa |
| Bolsheviks | group of revolutionary Russian Marxist, led by Lenin, who took control of Russia’s government in Nov. 1917. |
| Boxer Rebellion | A 1900 Uprising in China aimed at ending foreign influence in the country. |
| Bushido | Code of ethics observed by the Samurai |
| Camp David Accords | A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt where Egypt agreed to recognize the nation state of Israel |
| capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership of capital |
| caste | a class system used by the Ayrans in Ancient India |
| caudillo | military dictator in Latin America |
| chivalry | The code of honorable conduct for knights. |
| civil disobedience | form of public protest involving the breaking of laws believed to be injust |
| cold war | time of diplomatic hostitlity between the U.S. and the Soviet Union after World War II |
| Columbian Exchange | movement of plants, animals, and diseases between Eastern and Western hemispheres during the age of exploration |
| command economy | economy in which government officials make all economic decisions |