| Tolman | cognitive maps in rats |
| Loftus | studied false memories created by leading questions |
| Gibson | visual cliff |
| Harlow | stidied attachment with wire monkeys |
| Kohlberg | studied moral development in males |
| Gilligan | argued that Kohlberg's work missed important information in women |
| Festinger | cognitive dissonance |
| Schachter | with Singer, developed a theory of emotions |
| Lorenz | imprinting in ducks |
| Terman | modified Binet's intelligence test |
| Binet | created an intelligence test for the French educational system |
| Pavlov | developed understanding of classical conditioning, working with dogs |
| Watson | father of behaviorism |
| Rayner | worked with Watson on the Little Albert experiment |
| Skinner | trained animals to perform complex behaviors using conditioning and chaining |
| Ebbinghaus | memorizing nonsense words, curve of forgetting |
| Masters | with Johnson, studied human sexual response |
| Johnson | with Masters, studied human sexual response |
| Seligman | learned helplessness; important in positive psychology |
| Freud | ego, id, superego |
| Rorschach | inkblots as projective tests |
| Asch | conformity studies using lines of different lengths |
| Darley | bystander intervention |
| Rosenhan | pretended to be schizophrenic |
| Milgram | obedience studies; shocking to the "learners" |
| Zimbardo | Stanford Prison Experiment; Abu Ghraib comments |