| abduction | The movement of a body part away from the midline. |
| adduction | The movement of a body part toward the midline. |
| circumduction | The process of moving a body part in a circular motion. |
| dorsiflexion | The process of bending a body part backwards like the toes of the feet. |
| eversion | The process of turning outward, such as the sole of the foot turning toward the outside of the body. |
| extension | The process of straightening a flexed limb. |
| flexion | The process of bending (or curving) the spine. |
| inversion | The process of turning inward, such as turning the sole of the foot toward the midline. |
| pronation | The process of lying prone of face down; or the process of turning the palm of the hand face down. |
| protraction | The process of moving a body part forward; such as moving the jaw forward. |
| retraction | The process of moving a body part backward; such as moving the jaw backward. |
| rotation | The process of moving a body part around a central axis; such as in turning the head. |
| supination | The process of lying supine or face upward; also turning the palm of the hand so the palm faces upward. |