| Hypochromic microcytic anemia | iron deficiency |
| Heme iron | part of hemoglobin and myoglobin and only found in animal based foods such as meat, fish and poultry |
| non-heme iron | found in both plant and animal foods... plant based foods only contain non-heme |
| Folic acid | coenzyme and helps to synthesis DNA |
| Megoblastic anemia | folic acid (folate) deficiency, Vit B-12 (colbalamin) deficienvy |
| Neural Tube defects | malformation of the brain and spinal cord during the embryonic period... 1/2500 infants per yr US |
| Spinal bifida | spinal cord exposure |
| anencephaly | absence of brain |
| Vitamin B12 (colbalamin) | coenzyme in new cell synthesis |
| Vitamin K | coenzyme in protein production .. blood coagulation and bone metabolism |