| how do you form an adverb | take a first or second declension adjective and add a lone e to the base |
| what are the two irregular adverb forms? | bene and male |
| what base does the perfect tense use? | the perfect base |
| how do you find the perfect base? | the 3rd pp - i |
| what are the tenses in the perfect system? | perfect, pluperfect, future perfect |
| what are the tenses in the present system? | present, imperfect, future |
| what are the five verb attributes? | person (1st, 2nd, 3rd); number (singular, plural); tense (present, imp, fut, perf, pluperf, fut perf); voice (active, passive); mood (indicative, imperative, subjunctive) |
| what is indicitive mood | statements and question |
| imperative mood | used to command |
| subjunctive mood | used to express unreal situations |
| active voice | subject performing the action of the verb |
| passive voice | subject is receiving the action of the verb |
| vocative case | used for nouns of direct address; the same as the nominaitve singular or plural EXCEPT words that end in us get an e and words that end in ius get an i |
| what are the pp of second conjugation verbs? | o, long ere |
| what is special about 3rd declension adjectives | they have three termination (er, is, e); two termination (is, e); one termination (___,___) |
| predicate accusative | verb of making or naming can take a predicate accusative in addtion to its do. this is the same with passive verbs |
| which numbers decline; which dont | ordinal; cardinal |
| how do you form the perfect passive participle | the supine and change the ending to match the subject |
| what are the pp of 3rd conjugation | o, ere |
| appositives | a noun that describes another noun; agrees with its noun or pronoun in case |
| what are the two tricky uses of appositives? | with an understood subject and to show time |
| objective genitives dont show ______________ so there are no _________in english | possesion; apostrophes |
| how do you translate an objective genitive in english | of the _______-- |
| objective genitives are used with ___ nouns and act as the _______ | action ; object of the implied action |
| what are the genitives in personal pronouns | those ending in i are objective genitives; the others are partivitive genitives which show a part of a larger whole |
| what does prima(long mark) luce mean | at dawn |
| what are three irregular imperatives | duc! fac! dic! |
| what are relative pronouns | pronouns that relate to an earlier noun or pronoun in the sentence |
| what is the relative pronoun RULE | a relative pronoun takes its gender and number from the antecednet, but its case is determined by its use in its own clause |
| what is special about relative pronouns and personal pronouns with abl of accompainiment | they take cum as a suffix |
| what is often omitted in latin with relative pronouns | a 3rd person pronouns antecedent of a relative pronoun |
| what are interrogative pronouns | question words at the beginning of a sentence that is a question |
| ablative of place where | preposition: in translation of prep: in/on kind of noun used as op: place |
| accusative of place to which | prep: ad translation of prep: to/toward/near kind of noun used as op: any (usually place) |
| ablative of place from which | prep: ab, de, ex translation of prep: from/away from/down from/ out of - kind of noun used as op: any - kind of verb used in sent: motion |
| ablative of means or instrument | prep: none - translation of prep: with/ by means of/ by - kind of noun used as op: object, thing |
| ablative of manner | prep: cum - translation of prep: with - kind of noun used as op: idea, abstract |
| ablative of accompaniment | prep: cum - translation of prep: with - kind of noun used as op: person |
| ablative of personal agent | prep: ab - translation of prep: by - kind of noun used as op: person - kind of verb used in sent: passive |
| ablative of separation | prep: ab (omitted before abstract nouns) - translation of prep: from - kind of noun used as op: any |
| ablative of time when | prep: none - translation of prep: at/on/in - kind of noun used as op: time ( |
| ablative of time within which | prep: none - translation of prep: at/on/in/ within - kind of noun used as op: time ( + cardinal numbers) |
| relinquo, relinquere, reliqui, relictum | leave, leave behind |
| vox, vocis, f | voice |
| novem | nine |
| si | if |
| pugna, pugnae, f | fight |
| fama, famae, f | rumor, report, reputation |
| proelium, proeli, n | battle |
| carrus, carri, m | wagon, cart |
| numerus, numeri, m | number, group |
| cura, curae, f | care, anxiety |